Ma Qichang

Ma Qichang

Ma Qichang (1855-1930), a famous writer and scholar in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, was born in Tongcheng, Anhui Province.

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Inheriting Tongcheng School

His grandfather, Ma Shuzhang, was a member of Taichang temple. His father, taboo rise, discuss the same knowledge.

Ma Qichang learned from Mr. Wu Shan and Mr. Yao szan when he was young. He is smart and studious. A little longer, he was educated by Fang Dongshu and Dai Junheng, and studied with Tongcheng writers Fang Zongcheng and Wu Rulun.

Because of his hard study of ancient prose, he was highly valued by Wu Rulun. After Wu Rulun's introduction, Ma Qichang paid a visit to Zhang Yuzhao, the mountain chief of Fengchi Academy. He wrote a poem with a mixture of Zhuang and Xie, saying: "those who get Tongcheng should return Tongcheng." Zhang Yuzhao was overjoyed and wrote a poem in reply. Ma Qichang was only 21 years old. Wu Rulun, Zhang Yuzhao, Li Shuchang and Xue Fucheng are known as "the four great talents of Zeng family", and they are very famous. Ma Qichang, who is also a teacher of Wu and Zhang families, is also famous for his intelligence and diligence. After Zeng Guofan's four great disciples, Ma Qichang is known as the "palace army" of Tongcheng school.

Because he was not in the provincial examination in his early years, he became less famous than his official career. Zhou Fuli, governor of Shandong Province, regarded him as a special economic subject, while Feng Xu, governor of Anhui Province, invited him to be employed out of the ordinary because of his excellent literature and learning. Others recommended him as a scholar, but he declined one by one, and had no intention of becoming an official. He is enthusiastic about education and has been teaching in the countryside for a long time.

Guangxu 21 years (1894), granted by anqing vassal department. In 1897, he taught at QianChuan Academy in Lujiang. In 1901, Li Zhongxian's family lived in Hefei. In 1904, he helped Wu Rulun to run a school and became the head of Tongcheng middle school. Adhering to the school running tenet of Wu Rulun, the founder of the school, he took "cultivating talents to help the world" as his own duty.

In the second year of Xuantong, he had to go to Beijing to compile an abridged edition of the book of rites at the call of the Ministry of education. As a result, he took charge of the Ministry of education and supplemented the general affairs department. He is diligent in his duty and is highly valued by the officials of the University.

In the first year of the Republic of China (1912), Yi Ren was elected president of the County Council, and in the second year, Anhui University was appointed president. In 1914, when he joined the capital, he was employed as the dean of the school of law and politics.

Compiling the history of Qing Dynasty

In 1916, the Qing History Museum was appointed as the chief editor, majoring in the biography of scholars, scholars and Guangxuan ministers. The content of the book is very rich and praises the scholars. There are some important documents of the Qing Dynasty.

In his later years, Ma Qichang was ill with arthralgia and his hair was white, but he was still meticulous in his studies. He died and was buried at the foot of Wanghe mountain.

Academic achievements

Study and administer Qun Jing

Ma Qichang adhered to the Tongcheng school's standard of writing, based on the Scriptures, and said that "it's a study without the Scriptures for writing". His works mainly focus on the history of Steles, but there is no grand view. However, the deep and graceful thinking, the simple and long meaning, the deep and gentle feeling, the low and lingering feeling and singing have the beauty of yin and rou. The article was really passed down by Fang Bao and Yao Nai, and was brewed out by Gao Jie and Chun Yi. The elegance of language can be compared with Fang Yao Jiao. Chen Sanli regarded him as Zeng Guofan, Zhang Yuzhao and the latter. Zhang Taiyan also praised him for his "ability to make the most of vulgarity". Before he was 30 years old, Ma Qichang took the name of ancient Chinese prose. After he was 30 years old, he studied Qun Jing, including the history of Confucius and Buddhist scriptures. He is especially profound in Yi, Shi, Shu, Xiaojing, Daxue, Zhongyong and Laozi. The book of changes is mainly written by Fei, the book of songs by Mao, and the book of songs by Da Zhuan. There are many different opinions about it. They compromise and think about it. They often get creative understanding, which is not developed by the former Confucianists.

Compilation of works

He compiled selected works for several decades, including 17 kinds of works and more than 300 volumes. There are eight volumes of the book of changes, one volume of narration, thirty volumes of Mao's poetics, several volumes of Shangshu Yigu, six volumes of the book of rites, and three volumes of Daxue Zhongyong Xiaoyi. There are several volumes in the history of Qing Dynasty, biography of scholars, eleven volumes in Tongcheng old biography, one volume in lienu, several volumes in the history of Qing Dynasty, biography of Wenyuan, and two volumes in the chronicle of Zuo Zhongyi. There are two volumes of Laozi Gu, eight volumes of Zhuangzi Gu, two volumes of Qufu Wei and one volume of Jingang Cigu. There are 22 volumes of baorunxuan anthology, several volumes of baorunxuan anthology sequel, several volumes of cunyang Shichao and twelve volumes of Tongcheng ancient anthology.

Chinese PinYin : Ma Qi Chang