Chen Yu

Chen Yu

Chen Yu (1656-1718), named Wenhuan and Meichuan, was born in Haikang, Guangdong Province (now Leizhou City), and was an official during the reign of Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty.

In the 33rd year of Kangxi's reign (1694), Chen Yu was a Jinshi in the examination. He successively held the posts of Gutian County Magistrate, Sichuan tixuedao, Taiwan bingbeidao, Fujian governor, Fujian and Zhejiang governor. Chen Yu discussed abolishing and increasing consumption, punishing corrupt officials, banning excessive punishment, setting up social warehouses, selling grain, advocating thrift, promoting academies, and strengthening military equipment.

In 1718, Emperor Kangxi passed away in his term of office. Emperor Kangxi granted his minister of rites a memorial burial and posthumous title to qingduan. During the reign of Yongzheng, Chen Yu entered the Xianliang temple.

Life of the characters

In the 33rd year of Kangxi's reign (1694), Chen Yu was awarded the title of magistrate of Gutian County in Fujian Province. Perplexing conditions of Gutian county are caused by the mountainous area, and the distribution of taxes and services is uneven. This leads to the fact that people are separated from their registered residence. The common people were able to live a peaceful life only when Chen Wei was equal to taxes and labor.

Chen Yu was transferred to Taiwan peacefully. Taiwan has just been recovered, and the local people are fierce and unruly. After five years in Taiwan County, the local people understood comity.

In the 42nd year, Xing took charge of the Ministry of punishment and worked as a doctor in Sichuan Province. Qing Jie Gong Shen, put an end to Bao Ju. On the Sichuan officials to send Li people, imperial edict warning, especially called Lian.

In the 48th year of Emperor Kangxi's reign (1709), Chen Li served as the branch of the examination, and he was appointed to study Taoism in Sichuan.

In 1710, there was another civil commotion in Taiwan. Zhang Bohang, governor of Fujian Province, recommended Chen Li to the imperial court as the taixia road. In his memorial, he emphasized that "it is easy to find a political student for Sichuan Province, but difficult to find a suitable person for Taiwan Xiamen road.". Kangxi agreed with governor Zhang's view, and made an order to appoint Chen Yu as Taiwan's Xiamen road.

In the spring of 1714, Chen Li was promoted to governor of Hunan Province. In the same year, he went north to Kyoto to meet him. Kangxi praised him as an "ascetic Toutuo" and said, "I summoned Chen Li yesterday to examine his actions, words and deeds. It is true that he is an honest and upright official. The people who farm on the seashore are not aristocratic families, and they have no old experience of students. But the people in the world do not know that they are clear and have no practice. How can they do that! It's auspicious for the country to have such people. " In December of the same year, Chen Yu was transferred to Fujian governor.

In 1716, Manchu Bao, governor of Fujian and Zhejiang Province, became the emperor of the dynasty, and Chen Yu also served as governor of Fujian and Zhejiang Province.

In 1718, in the east of Leizhou City, there were thousands of hectares of foreign land. The embankment approached the sea. The salt tide pounded every year and gradually collapsed. Although Chen Yu was far away from Fujian, he was always concerned about the life and property of the people in his hometown. He asked the emperor to order Guangdong to allocate special funds for the construction of the East-West dyke in Leizhou. Worried that the 5300 liang of public funds allocated above would not be enough, he sent 5000 liang of his savings to Haikang to help repair the embankment. In October of the same year, Chen Yu died of illness. The emperor decreed that he should be granted the Minister of rites and be given a memorial burial, and his posthumous title was qingduan.

Main achievements

Reforming the administration of officials

Chen Yu's first official career was as the magistrate of Gutian County, Fujian Province. The main reason why Gutian is difficult to cure is that there are too many bark beetles, who "occupy the Yamen and are the most harmful to the people".

He held a public examination to recruit Li Xu. In this way, the poor officers and "white soldiers" had no reason to oppose, a violent group with serious harm was peacefully dissolved, and Lixu, who entered the "official register", was put under strict control, and years of maladministration was eliminated, paving the way for other innovations.

Chen Yu, the Qing Dynasty accumulated debt, Qing Ding Tian, Jun Chai corvee, Jian Yi Xue, revitalized the political situation of Gutian. We should establish a sound development order for the people to live and work in peace and contentment. In this way, we can eliminate the evil spirit and spread the spirit of peace. From March of the 39th year of Kangxi to September of the 40th year of Kangxi, Chen Yu spent one and a half years to manage the ancient farmland in good order.

Work hard and love the people

Finally, Chen is not only diligent but also good at governance. He is often able to take effective measures according to the actual situation. Taiwan had just been recaptured from the hands of the Dutch colonialists. At that time, the economy and culture were very backward, and the social civilization was poor. According to the actual situation, Chen reformed politics, eliminated malpractices, paid attention to "developing education and education", and vigorously developed the cause of culture and education. After some efforts, it has changed the social atmosphere, "the people know comity" and "Zou Luyi in the east of the sea" (Volume II of the continuation of Taiwan official records), and managed Taiwan in an orderly way, leaving a special achievement of "the first in the administration of Taiwan and Fujian".

Taiwan's contribution

Chen Yu presided over Taiwan Affairs most of his time in politics. From the county magistrate of Taiwan to Bing Bei Dao of Xiamen, to the governor of Fujian and governor of Fujian and Zhejiang, his level rose step by step. As a result, he became more and more influential. He is diligent and loves the people, and is good at coordinating various relations to create a harmonious social environment; he grasps the key link of economic development to develop the treasure island and enrich the people; he takes culture as the guide, prospers and educates, and advocates civilization; he is good at resolving contradictions, dealing with emergencies properly and maintaining social stability.

Chen's greatest contribution lies in the governance of Taiwan. After the Qing government regained Taiwan, the war began to calm down, and the people were unstable. In addition, the cruel officials were in power, and the people were struggling. In his October of the 54th year of the reign of Emperor Kangxi, Chen Li described the phenomenon of official corruption at that time: "when one enters an official career, he is extravagant in food, clothes and utensils. If you spend more, you will get more. If you take more, you will get the secretary. If you take the Secretary, you will get the little people. You have no choice but to cut them. " In the 41st year of Kangxi reign (1702), Chen Yu was transferred to be the magistrate of Taiwan (at that time, Taiwan did not have a province). He was aware of the people's situation, honest and upright, and loved the people like a son. He often took "taking a dollar is the same as taking a million dollars" as a warning, and was deeply loved by the people. On the strategy of Governing Taiwan, "one forbids to increase consumption in order to make the people poor, one forbids to torture in order to pay attention to the people's lives, one forbids to send gifts in order to eliminate official precepts, one forbids to sell grain to help the people's food, one forbids to buy social warehouses in order to help the people, one forbids to be thrifty in order to cherish the people's wealth, one forbids to transport money and grain first, one forbids to strengthen military equipment in order to strengthen the army, and one encourages the academies to develop culture and education.". At the same time, the policy of giving preferential treatment to the Gaoshan ethnic group and other ethnic minorities was carried out. A few years later, Taiwan's political situation gradually stabilized. Li Guangdi, the Prime Minister of the Republic of China, was very good at his political achievements. He was also very good at Jiaozhang baozuo and Kangxi. He promoted Chen Yu to be a political scholar in Sichuan. When he left office, tens of thousands of people said goodbye in tears and called "Qingtian" frequently. Soon after, there was another civil commotion in Taiwan, and the officers and soldiers could not be pacified for a long time. Zhang boxing, governor of Fujian Province, asked Kangxi: "it's easy to find people to study politics in Sichuan, but it's hard to find people to teach politics in Taiwan." Therefore, the Qing government granted Chen Xun the right to prepare the way for Taiwan's Xiamen soldiers and led them back to Taiwan. After the news came, the people of Taiwan rushed to tell each other that the uprising was self pacifying without the cost of the imperial court.

Fujian frontier defense

The prevention of pirates is different from that of mountain bandits. Mountain bandits gather together, while sea bandits are ubiquitous. Taiwan, Jin and Xiamen are different from the coastal border in terms of the prevention of pirates. The coastal border is in the territory of the sudden criminals, while Taiwan and Xiamen are in the process of plagiarism. In order to prevent pirates from Taiwan and Xiamen, we should immediately raise the standard and hold regular meetings between the navy of Taiwan and Pengzhou to check the flag. When the merchant ships went out to sea, they were escorted by watchboats from Taiwan and Xiamen. He also ordered the merchant ships to make a series of affiliations to save each other in case of thieves. If they did not save each other, they would be held guilty of robbing each other.

Historical evaluation

AI xinjueluo Xuanye: this old ascetic monk! ② When I see him and observe his behavior and speech, I am a honest and upright official. He grew up on the seashore. He was not an aristocratic family, and he had no family to live in. How can it be so without practice? It is auspicious for the country to have such people. It's better to be excellent to be strict. ③ Chen Yu is a very good resident and has a very clear moral character. I'm afraid that he is rare among the ancients.

Zhao Erxun: Chen Xun has been since the seaside. He has nothing to do and can practice his words.

personal works

Chen Fan wrote eight volumes of qingduanji, seven volumes of Fanwen and one volume of poetry, and the general catalogue of Siku was handed down to the world. The publication is shown in the table below:

(reference sources)

Participation in the survey

Family members

Anecdotes and allusions

Diligent in government affairs

He served as an imperial thrifty vegetable, but he worshipped himself as a grass. It's all in the business, and it's all in the evening. In Fujian, we set up a school field, increased the number of academies, and hired lecturers, which made the humanities prosperous.

Chen's honest, diligent and good governance has won the love of the people. When Chen Yu was transferred to Taiwan, the Gutian people were reluctant to part with him. It's said that Chen Yu was checked after leaving his post. When he cleaned up the granary, he was damaged by hamsters, and his grain reserves were in debt. The people in Gutian fought to make up for it. This incident can't appease the gratitude of Gutian people, so they are ready to set up a Shengci for Chen Yu. After hearing about it, Chen Yu resolutely opposed it. After Chen Yu left, Shengci was built, and it became a tradition to kill pigs and sheep every year. In later years, as long as Gutian people come to Leizhou to do business, they must first worship Chen qingduan temple.

Taiwan Pingyao

The Taiwan government says that for years, sea monsters have landed on the land, crawling into the farmland and destroying crops. As a result, agriculture lost its income, thieves and bandits sprang up, society was in turmoil, and people's livelihood was in danger. Local government built cells, overcrowded, continue to build prison warehouses can not solve the problem. As a result, the court even failed to change several prefectures. In the autumn of the 42nd year of Kangxi (1703), the ministers of culture and military recommended to Emperor Kangxi that Chen Yu, a Haikang Jinshi from Leizhou, Guangdong Province, who was then the prefect of Gutian, Fujian Province, should succeed as the prefect of Taiwan to govern the island and pacify the people's livelihood. Emperor Kangxi sent a decree for Chen Yu to come to the capital to serve him. At that time, Chen was returning to his hometown to visit his relatives when his mother was critically ill. He was very embarrassed to receive the imperial edict, because he was not only a loyal minister, but also a filial son. Knowing that he was going to kill his head, he had no choice but to be filial. After half a month of risking his life to serve his old mother, he was ready to leave his mother and return to Beijing.

At that time, it was the season when a large number of gypsum crabs appeared on the market. In order to please the emperor, Chen Yu weaves a basket full of bamboo

Chinese PinYin : Chen Bin