Xia Yan
Xia Yan
Xia Yan (October 30, 1900 - February 6, 1995), formerly known as Shen Naixi, was born in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. He was a famous writer of literature, film and drama, a social activist in modern China, and one of the pioneers, organizers and leaders of the left-wing film movement in China.
In his early years, he participated in the May 4th Movement and published Zhejiang new trend. He studied in Japan at public expense after graduating from Zhejiang provincial A-type Industrial school. Study electrical technology in Meiji special school. During his study abroad, he contacted the Communist Party of Japan and participated in the Japanese workers' movement and left-wing cultural movement. In 1927, Xia Yan was expelled from Japan and joined the Communist Party of China in the same year. In 1929, Xia Yan and Lu Xun set up the left wing writers' League of China. After the establishment of the "left wing Federation", he was the executive member, and later initiated the organization of the Chinese left wing dramatist League. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, he successively served as member of the Standing Committee of the Shanghai municipal Party committee, Minister of publicity, Vice Minister of the Ministry of culture, vice chairman of the China Federation of literary and art circles, President of the China Japan Friendship Association, member of the Central Committee of the CPC, deputy to the National People's Congress, and member of the Standing Committee of the CPPCC.
In 1994, Xia Yan donated the first batch of 2800 books to the Museum of modern Chinese literature. In October, he was awarded the title of "national film artist with outstanding contribution" by the State Council. His works include "Xinfang" and "fascist bacteria". The plays include the biography of Qiu Jin and under the eaves of Shanghai. Selected works of Xia Yan and selected works of Xia Yan have been published. The reportage "contract workers". The screenplays created and adapted include wild current, spring silkworm, blessing and Lin family shop. On February 6, 1995, Xia Yan died in Beijing hospital at the age of 95.
Life of the characters
Born on October 30, 1900 (the 26th year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty) (the eighth day of the ninth lunar month), he was at No. 27, yanjianong, Pengbu Town, Renhe County, Zhejiang Province.
In 1903, Xia Yan's father Shen Xueshi died of a stroke.
In 1906 (the 32nd year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty), he entered a private school and studied the Three Character Classic and the Analects of Confucius.
In the spring of 1908 (the 34th year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty), he entered the second grade of zhengmeng primary school in Hangzhou and began to study new textbooks. Two years later, he dropped out and studied at home.
In 1911 (the third year of Xuantong of the Qing Dynasty), the revolution of 1911 broke out. He and his mother fled to his uncle's home in Deqing County, Zhejiang Province. After the success of the revolution of 1911, he was the first person in the Yan family to cut braids.
In 1912 (the first year of the Republic of China), Xia Yan entered Deqing County primary school. Two years later, he graduated from primary school and ranked second in the examination. He returned to Hangzhou and worked as an apprentice in Taixing LiangFang for about eight months.
In September 1915 (the fourth year of the Republic of China), Xia Yan was recommended by Deqing County to study in the dyeing Department of Zhejiang provincial A-type Industrial school.
In 1917 (the sixth year of the Republic of China), the October Revolution broke out in Russia. Influenced by it, he began to read all kinds of articles introducing new trends of thought in the current affairs new daily, the Republic of China Daily, the new youth, liberation and transformation and other newspapers.
In 1919 (the eighth year of the Republic of China), the May 4th Movement broke out. He participated in the Zhejiang student movement and was elected as the representative of the student union. In June, he published the article "past and future of kapok bleaching" in student magazine, Volume 6, No. 6. In October, he participated in the establishment of progressive journals "double ten" and "Zhejiang new trend", and published articles and "random notes" under the pseudonym of "Zaibai", criticizing the social system at that time, which was praised by Chen Duxiu.
In February 1921 (the tenth year of the Republic of China), he was admitted to the Electrical Engineering Department of Meiji special school in Kitakyushu, Japan.
In March 1926 (the 15th year of the Republic of China), Meiji special school graduated with a Bachelor of engineering degree. In April, he was not required to enter the metallurgy department of Engineering Department of Kyushu Imperial University. At the beginning of October, Xia Yan went to Tokyo to serve as the Party committee and organization director of the general branch of the Kuomintang Central overseas Chinese in Japan, and publicized the revolution and developed party members among overseas Chinese and overseas students in Japan.
He was ordered to return to China in 1927. In May, he was wanted by the Kuomintang and expelled from the party. In June, introduced by Zheng Hanxian and Pang DAYEN, he joined the Communist Party of China in Shanghai.
In the winter of 1929 (the 18th year of the Republic of China), Xia Yan participated in the preparation and organization of the "Chinese left wing writers League". In October, he and Zheng Boqi founded the Shanghai Art drama club.
On March 2, 1930 (the 19th year of the Republic of China), the "left wing League" was established. Xia Yan, Lu Xun and Qian Xingcun were elected as the Presidium and executive members. In April, she married Cai Shuxin. In August, a "Chinese left wing theater League" was established with Tian Han and others.
In May 1932, Xia Yan served as a screenwriter consultant of star company. In July, a film critic group led by the drama Federation was set up.
In March 1933 (the 22nd year of the Republic of China), Xia Yan and a Ying, Wang Chenwu, situ Huimin, Shi Linghe set up the party's film group.
In February 1935 (the 24th year of the Republic of China), according to Tian Han's outline, he compiled the children of the storm. His short story Pao was first published under the pseudonym "Xia Yan" in No. 2, Volume 6 of literature edited by Zheng Zhenduo. After May, he created a multi act drama "saijinhua" and a one act drama "a corner of the city".
In 1937 (26 years of the Republic of China), he wrote a three act drama under the eaves of Shanghai. In the early spring of April, Xu Xiusheng, his mother, died at the age of 80 and went to Hangzhou for a funeral.
In 1942 (31 years of the Republic of China), Xia Yan cooperated with Tian Han and Hong Shen in the drama goodbye, Hong Kong. In April, he went to Chongqing as the deputy head of the cultural group of the South Bureau Office of the Communist Party of China, responsible for the United Front Work of the cultural circles. He wrote political commentaries and essays in Xinhua Daily. In June, he wrote a four act drama "singing in the water". In August, the five act drama "fascist bacteria" was completed.
In the spring of 1945 (the 34th year of the Republic of China), Xia Yan created a four act drama "the end of the world", which was staged in Chongqing in September.
In March 1947 (the 36th year of the Republic of China), Xia Yan arrived in Singapore via Hong Kong to convey the military and political policies of the CPC Central Committee to the overseas Chinese leader Tan Kah kee. At the invitation of Chen Kah Kee and Hu Yu, he was the chief writer of Nanqiao daily.
In June 1948 (the 37th year of the Republic of China), Xia Yan set up the column "essays on cochlear tower" in Hong Kong's "the masses" magazine, and participated in instigating the uprising of Qian Changzhao, director of the KMT Resources Committee in Hong Kong.
In 1949, Xia served as deputy director of the culture and Education Commission of the East China Military Control Commission and vice minister of the Propaganda Department of the Shanghai municipal Party committee. In July, he was elected member of the first National Committee of the China Federation of literary and art circles and member of the all China Film Artists Association.
In March 1950, Xia Yan was appointed member of the Standing Committee of the Shanghai municipal Party committee, director of the Publicity Department of the Shanghai municipal Party committee, and director of the Shanghai Municipal Bureau of culture. In August, the Shanghai People's Art Theater was established and concurrently served as the president.
In 1953, Xia Yan created five acts and six scenes of the drama test.
In May 1955, Xia Yan was implicated in pan Hannian's unjust case and isolated in Beijing for examination by the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee.
In June 1966, when the Cultural Revolution began, he was imprisoned in the "big temple" of the Ministry of culture and criticized at the mass meeting. At 1:00 a.m. on December 4, he was taken away by the red guards and handed over to the PLA for "custody" on December 7.
In February 1969, duodenal ulcer bleeding, into the air force hospital, two blood transfusions, more than a year in the hospital, continue to be tried.
In 1976, the "four family Gang" broke up to study.
In the autumn of 1977, the relationship between the party organizations was restored. In September, I went to Shanghai.
In June 1994, he donated 2800 books to the modern literature museum. On July 16, he published an article about the incident in Wenhui film times, which was later reprinted in Wen Wei Po and writer's Digest. On October 28, a "report meeting commemorating the 65th anniversary of Comrade Xia Yan's revolutionary literature and art work" was held in the Great Hall of the people in the morning, and the "Xia Yan film retrospective exhibition" opened in the afternoon. On October 30, he spent his 95th birthday in Beijing hospital. He was awarded the title of "national film artist with outstanding contribution" by the State Council.
On February 6, 1995, Xia Yan died in Beijing hospital at the age of 95.
Character evaluation
Shen Yun: my grandfather has been haunted by the feelings of his family and country all his life. He has gone through hardships without regret. He is not alone, but also of that generation.
Li Yuehong: both inside and outside the play are legendary.
Relative members
Anecdotes and allusions
Love and marriage
After studying abroad, Xia Yan's mother was concerned about him, especially his marriage, so she began to find a partner for Xia Yan. Finally, she chose Cai Shuxin, the eldest daughter who was promoted to the general manager of Hangzhou Weicheng silk weaving company in Shanghai. Cai Shuxin studied in Hangzhou before she transferred to Zhejiang women's normal school. In the summer vacation of 1924, Xia Yan came to Hangzhou for a formal blind date. In 1925, Cai Shuxin, who graduated from the provincial women's normal school, also came to Japan with the encouragement of the president and entered Nara Women's normal college. As a result, Xia Yan rented a small wooden house in Kyoto, which is the one in the photo with deep love and poetry. In the future, Xia Yan and Cai Shuxin, as well as friends, often gather here on holidays.
In April 1930, Xia Yan and Cai Shuxin were married in Shanghai. After marriage, in order to support her husband's work and career, Cai Shuxin gave up her major. In the following years, in various historical periods, she silently assisted Xia Yan, and worked hard to be in the same boat.
National salvation daily
Seal up
On the eve of the Spring Festival in 1941, the national salvation daily, which had been in Guilin for two years, a month and 15 days, was seized by the Kuomintang authorities.
National salvation daily, a newspaper under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, has been steadfastly implementing the Anti Japanese national united front policy proposed by the Communist Party of China since it was first published in Shanghai on August 4, 1937, and has played a great role in promoting the Anti Japanese and national salvation of the whole nation. At that time, Guo Moruo was also the president and publisher of the national salvation daily, while Xia Yan came out
Chinese PinYin : Xia Yan
Xia Yan
