Chen Pengnian

Chen Pengnian

Chen Pengnian (1663-1723), who was born in Xiangtan, Hunan Province, was an official and scholar in Qing Dynasty. Kangxi 23 years (1684) Ju Ren, 30 years Jinshi. He served as magistrate of Xi'an, Jiangnan Shanyang, Jiangning, Suzhou and riverway in Zhejiang Province. There are "Dao Rong Tang anthology", "drink month Ci", "Li Shi Zheng Lue", "river treaty" and so on.

Life story

Chen Pengnian, a native of Xiangtan, Hunan Province, was a Juren in 1684, a Jinshi in 1691 and a magistrate in Quxian from 35 to 37. During his three years as an official, he did a lot of good deeds for the people of Quxian county. His achievements are recorded in the records of Yitong Zhi of the Qing Dynasty, general records of Zhejiang Province and Quxian Zhi of the Republic of China.

When Chen Pengnian was the magistrate of the county, it happened that the "San Francisco rebellion" in the early Qing Dynasty was soon calmed down. He was in a state of sharp decline in population, desolation of countryside, and disrepair of water conservancy. Although he had been dealt with by several previous governors, his vitality had not yet recovered. At the end of Ming Dynasty and the beginning of Qing Dynasty, Quxian had a population of about 150000. After the "San Francisco rebellion", there were only more than 40000 people left. After he arrived, he continued to recruit back part of the outflow population and resettle the immigrants to reclaim wasteland. If there is no owner of the land and the land tax does not conform to the law, 2 persons are set up for each plot. Each plot is divided into 10 districts, and 2 persons are set up for the head of the district. The land is measured comprehensively, the labels are inserted, and the detailed list is made up. By measuring the land, we can get rid of the imaginary number, and let the landowners pay taxes as usual, so as to avoid the disadvantages of no landowners and inconsistent tax. As for the ownerless land, it was rented to the immigrants for farming, which made the original barren land reclaimed.

Chen Pengnian attached great importance to water conservancy construction and was good at solving water conservancy disputes. The shishiyan canal in qiantangfan is in disrepair. He investigated along the way and divided the benefit households of irrigation canal into 10 households, with 4 weir leaders for each household. He inspected the weir once a year, and abolished the old regulation that the weir chief provided wine and food to the officers. He dredged Chenghao and built a sluice outside xiaonanmenwai to make shishishiyan enter into the city when it is level. When it is dry, he opened the sluice to irrigate the farmland of xiongjifan outside dongmenwai. Duze has a five villa weir, which has been used to irrigate the farmland of Duze and Baishui. Later, Duze people tried to stop the water and occupied it. Baishui people often quarreled with Duze people to cut off the water. Chen Pengnian went deep into the weir mouth investigation, severely punished the leading planners, and selected the weir heads of the two places for joint management and sharing.

During his term of office, Chen Pengnian was praised by the people of the county for upholding justice for the people. Zheng rongzu, a native of the county, and his father died in the same unjust case. The former county magistrate was careless about the detailed investigation. Zheng's wife repeatedly appealed against the case, but it was not settled. For this reason, Zheng's wife died by touching a monument, and the spiritual pivot was stopped in the West Tower of the city for seven years. After Chen Pengnian got to know about it, he reexamined it and finally got vindication. He built a tomb and ancestral temple for it and inscribed the word "Xiaolie" on the tablet. Later generations compiled the legend of the iron tower and staged it in the county.

When Chen Pengnian took office, he searched the original local chronicles, but the county chronicles compiled in Ming Dynasty were lost for a long time. He was very sorry and determined to build a new one during his term of office. In less than three years, a county annals was completed as scheduled, leaving valuable historical materials for later generations. Not only that, Chen Pengnian left many poems during his stay in Quzhou. He wrote an article called "praying for rain", which is actually an analysis of the county situation. He recounted the responsibility of losing government and complained bitterly about the suffering of the people. His poems are not about the wind and the moon, but about the common people. Such as "heavy mountain home": "revisit the old farmer next year, autumn field dare to boast. After the drought, there was only wheat wave, and before the frost, there was Sapium sebiferum forest flower. Tea melon Zhangshi loose Liao wide, arrow towering, bird path oblique. I sigh that my first clothes are too late, and my hat brim is too messy to be covered by soft dust. " The poem reveals his joy of visiting the countryside, and contains the uneasiness caused by the drought.

In 1962, the people's daily once published Chen Pengnian's bibliography and poetry volume. Guo Moruo praised it: "the spirit of righteousness spreads and blows ghosts, the virtue of heaven lies in people, the world looks at it for a while, and the treasure is cherished forever." Chen Pengnian was promoted to the magistrate of Jiangning after his term of office in Quzhou. During his term of office, he was dismissed and jailed because he could not bear the imperial court to add Jiangning land tax. Kangxi rehabilitated during his southern tour and was promoted to governor of the river. Yongzheng first year (1723), died in the river defense site.

Historical records of the Qing Dynasty

In the 30th year of Kangxi, he became a Jinshi. He was granted the title of county magistrate of Xi'an, Zhejiang Province. After he became a soldier, he was in exile, and he occupied the land and colonized himself. In the year of Peng, thousands of households resumed their business. Xu, the martyr's wife, died unjustly for ten years. In the year of Peng, she was wronged. If she offended others, she was punished. It is the people's feeling that it is forbidden to drown women. Those women who want to abandon their children take Chen as their surname. Zhang penghe, governor of the river course, recommended to send River workers to Jiangnan, and granted them the title of "Yang county magistrate of Jiangnan mountain" and "Prefecture magistrate of Haizhou". In the 42nd year, Emperor Shengzu visited Yuehe River in the south. He ordered penghe to select officials to transport Yanzhou to relieve the famine in Shandong Province. As a director of Pengnian, he worked for tens of thousands of people. When he went to huiluan, he summoned Jining Zhouci, wrote poems to express his purpose, and gave him imperial books. Looking for Jiangning magistrate. In the 44th year, when he returned to the south for inspection, the governor Ashan called his subordinates to discuss increasing the number of local officials and providing 100 million yuan for the inspection. A Shanzhi ordered the host of the Longtan palace, and the attendants to collect the information. They should not take care of it. They should not be slandered. Zhang Ying, a bachelor who would become an official, went to the south of the Yangtze River to ask the honest officials for the year of Jupeng. When he asked the resident officials for the year of Jupeng, he said in English: "the officials are not resentful because they are afraid of authority, the people are virtuous but don't play, and the scholars teach but don't bully. It's the end of being honest." The upper meaning is interpretation. Fortunately, a day ago, a Shan called Peng's year on the river. The river was running fast and the construction was difficult. Peng led the scholars and people to transport earth and stone in person and completed the work. Gu Ashan was so regretful that he impeached Peng Nian from accepting the rules of salt and allusion, which eroded the customs and silver of Longjiang, and then he was forced to take the post without any reason. Sang Er, Zhang penghe and Ashan Huihe were ordered to go on strike. Jiang ningmin called for a strike. More than a thousand people were born, and the banners would knock on the door. Pengnian tried to build a village covenant lecture hall on the former site of nanshilou. Yueshuo preached the oracle and named it "Tianyu dingning". Nanshilou, therefore, was a narrow and evil place. Because he was sitting with great disrespect, he discussed the great creation. He talked with Li Guangdi, a bachelor, about Ashan's residence. He said that Ashan was honest and upright, and that he impeached Chen Pengnian to make a clean argument. Chen Shang, Peng Nian sit away from the official death, enlisted into the hall of martial arts.

In 47, he came back to be the magistrate of Suzhou. It is forbidden to change extravagance and customs, clear prison, and listen to God. During the year of famine and severe epidemic, the village of Zhouli inquired about the sufferings of the people and asked for relief goods. All the people were alive. Forty eight years later, he was appointed a political envoy. In the year of yachongpeng, governor Zhang Bohang had no great details and relied on the ruling. Governor GA Li and Bo Xingwu, and avoid Peng year. He had already impeached Yi Sigong and Jia Pu, the chief envoys. Because of the false report of Zuo Pengnian, the officials seized the officials and sent them to Heilongjiang. Shang kuanzhi ordered them to come to Beijing to study. Kari Fumi played the poem of Huqiu in Pengnian. He thought that he was angry and wanted to write about his crime, but he didn't report it. In Russia, Kari and boxing criticized each other, and repeatedly sent ministers to rule according to the law to discuss taking boxing's post. He ordered the nine ministers to change their opinions and said, "Kari once played Chen Pengnian's poems, and his words were absurd, and his tricks were so rash. How can I be deceived Because of his poems, he gave them to the cabinet officials. In 1956, he went back to Beijing to study.

In the 60th year, he ordered Zhang penghe to explore the canals of Shandong and Henan. He decided mayingkou, Wuzhi county. He directed Zhang Qiu from Changyuan and ordered Zhao Shixian, the governor of the river, to fill it. After a long time of discussion, Peng Nian said: "the old dyke of the Yellow River has burst eight or nine Li, and Daliu is heading for the overflow. It's better to open the diversion river at the foot of Guangwu mountain on the opposite bank, and to open the diversion River slightly to the east of the breach. Only when the diversion river is still in the right direction can it be blocked." Play into the purport. After Shixian's death, he ordered Peng Nian to be the governor of the river. In the year of sixty-one, Ma Yingkou was blocked and decided again. Peng Nian said: "the terrain is low, although there is a river diversion, the flow is not smooth. Only divide up and down, kill its fierce anger. Please open a diversion river at Wangjiagou on the other side of the confluence of Qinling River and Huanghe River to make the water flow southeast into xingzezheng River, and then the dike can be completed. " The imperial edict is like a resolution. First of all, the Maying river burst because of the torrential flood, which made it difficult for the project to be completed. The vice governor Niu Niu was ordered to read the river and played a role in the construction of the Qin family factory in the upper reaches of the river. The work was just finished, and the Nanba tail whirled more than 120 feet into the east of Maying. Peng Nian conspired with Governor Yang Zongyi. Since the end of the North dam broke again for more than a hundred years, this proposal was put forward in the year of Peng.

When Shizong ascended the throne, his life was really divided. At that time, the tail of the north and South dams closed and collapsed four times, but the mayingkou was not blocked. In the year of Peng, he spent his rest in the river, exhausted from sleep and food. In the first year of Yongzheng, he was ill and sent to the imperial doctor for consultation. Looking for a dead man, he heard that he had become ill through hard work in the year of Peng. I heard that there was an octogenarian mother in his family, and there were too many rooms. This is a minister who has devoted himself to his life and died. " Baoxi even. He was granted two thousand yuan of money, and his mother was granted a patent. As an example, Yinzi was granted a posthumous title. He worshiped famous officials in Henan and Jiangning.

When Zi Shuzhi and Shu Xuan were saints, they were summoned by Zhusheng and ordered to follow Peng Nian to write to the inner court. Shuzhi was the magistrate of Pingyue, and Shuxuan was the Minister of Hubu.

Tomb of Chen Pengnian

After Chen Pengnian's death, the Qing government issued an imperial edict to bury him. Its grave is solemn and grand in scale. It is 50 meters long from east to west and 15 meters wide from north to south. From east to west, there are stone lions, stone tigers, stone horses, stone cattle, stone sheep and stone wengzhong in pairs. There is a granite archway, a Chinese watch, and a royal stele, which was written by the Minister of rites Fang Bao. There are also two tombs. The main stele on the tomb reads "the tomb of Duke Chen Keqin". Gaoming Yipin's wife Shi is attached to the right side of the tomb. It is said that the dongcen temple built at the West foot of Dongwu and the Shiquan house at the top of the mountain are places where Chen Peng studied when he was young. The East and west of the tomb are Shilong mountain, penghe temple and other landscapes. Shilong mountain is the seclusion place of Li Bancun, a scholar in the late Song Dynasty. There used to be Shilong temple, later renamed Cihang temple. In the west, there are landscapes such as Dongkou reservoir. In the south, there are qingcuifeng, baishajing and shihechang. Chen biyou's former residence is located here.

Calligraphy works

Chinese PinYin : Chen Peng Nian