Li Ru
Li Ru
Li Ru, whose real name is Li Xiaoru, was born in Yingyang (now Heyang County, Weinan City, Shaanxi Province) of Zuo Feng Yi of Sili, and was a doctor and doctor of Hongnong at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty. During the dictatorship of Dong Zhuo, Li Ru was ordered by Dong Zhuo to enter the palace to poison Liu Bian (King Hongnong). After Dong Zhuo's death, Li Yu attacked Chang'an and controlled the government. Li Yu recommended Li Ru, a doctor, as his servant, but he was rejected by Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty. In 198, Li Yu was defeated by Cao Cao. Since then, Li Ru's deeds and whereabouts have not been recorded in historical books.
Life of the characters
Li Ru was a counselor under Dong Zhuo in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. In the early 1900s, Li Ru was the doctor of Liu Bian, the king of Hongnong. When Dong Zhuo was in power, he was ordered to enter the palace to poison Liu Bian, Empress Dowager he and others. When Dong Zhuo moved his capital to Chang'an, he was ordered to burn and ransack Luoyang and excavate the mausoleum of the Han Emperor for treasures. After the rebellion of Li Xi and Guo Si, Taichang wanted to be king Qin, and fought with Li Ru. He was defeated and killed. According to the book of Wei, when Lv Bu assassinated Dong Zhuo, Zhuo General Li Ru and others once sent troops to block him. However, Li Ru was not killed when Dong Zhuo was defeated. A few months after Dong Zhuo's death, the leader of the Xiliang army Li Yi killed Wang Yun and took control of the government. In the third year of Chuping (1922), in October of winter, Li Yu recommended Li Ru, a doctor, as his minister, but he was rejected by Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty. In 198, Li Yu was defeated by Cao Cao. Since then, Li Ru's deeds and whereabouts have not been recorded in historical books. (Dr. Li Ru is recorded in the caoquanbei, and also in the later Han Dynasty. They lived in the same place and recorded at the same time, so they should be the same person.)
Historical records
According to the records of empress he and Zizhitongjian, in the first year of Chuping, Li Ru was appointed by Dong Zhuo to poison king Hongnong (the young emperor) to death. Dong Zhuo placed Liu Bian, the king of Hongnong, in the cabinet, and made the doctor order Li Ru to offer poison. Liu Bian refused to drink it, and Dong Zhuo forced it. As a result, Liu Bian, his wife, Tang Ji, and the palace people had a farewell dinner and died after drinking medicine. ").
According to the records of "the history of the later Han Dynasty · the history of filial piety to the emperor of the later Han Dynasty", Dong Zhuo was murdered by Wang Yun and Lu Bu in April of the third year of Chuping in 1922. Li Yi, the Minister of Dong Zhuo, and others defeated Lu Bu. Wang Yun committed suicide, reoccupied Chang'an, took Han Xiandi and controlled the Eastern Han regime. Li Yu took Jia Xu as Zuo Fengyi, and recommended Doctor Li Ru as his servant. However, because Li Ru poisoned king Hongnong (the young emperor of Han Dynasty), Emperor Xiandi of Han Dynasty issued an edict to punish Li Ru, and later he was protected by Li Yu, so he was spared
doctor
Li Ru was a servant, and Emperor Xiandi said, "before the Confucianist, I was ordered by Wang Hongnong to kill my brother. It's better to add crime." The words said, "what Dong Zhuo did is not the original intention of Confucianism, and innocent people should not be punished.".
Yuan Shansong
Hou Han Shu
Zhongji“
Li Xiaoru
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Dong Zhuo sent doctor Hongnong to order Li Xiaoru to poison king Hongnong, saying, "take this to fight against evil." The king said, "this must be poison." Falcon, strong. So Wang drank with Tang Ji and palace people. Wang Zige said, "the way of heaven is easy, but I'm not. I'll abandon Wancheng and retreat to my vassal state. When the rebellious minister sees that his life will not be prolonged, and that he will abandon you when he dies, he will be quiet and mysterious. " Tang Ji danced and said, "the emperor is collapsing, and the earth is decaying. As an emperor, my life is destroyed. When the road of life and death is over, I'll be good. I'll mourn for my loneliness. " Because of weeping, the sitter can't win by himself. The king called Tang Ji and said, "Qing is the princess of the king. She is no longer the wife of the officials. OK, self love. From then on, I will say goodbye Then he died of poison.
Zhang Li's "Han Ji" records that Taichang Zhongfu died in a war with Li Ru, and his son shaozheng became a Shaofu. He said, "my father is loyal to the dynasty, he is jealous, he died for the country, and he was killed by thieves."
Historical evaluation
Liu Xie: the former Confucianist ordered Wang Hongnong to kill my brother. He should be punished.
Li Jian: what Dong Zhuo did is not the original intention of Confucianism. We should not punish the innocent.
Zhong Shao: my father was loyal to the court, envied by the time, sacrificed his life for the country, and was harmed by the thieves.
Artistic image
Literary image
In the novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Li Ru is Dong Zhuo's chief counselor. He is Dong Zhuo's confidant and advisor on all matters. Dong Zhuo took advantage of the chaos to go to Beijing, said that he would surrender Lvbu, abolish the emperor, and move the capital to Chang'an, all of which were inseparable from Li Ru's work as an adviser. Liu Bian, the young emperor of the Han Dynasty, was dissatisfied after he was abandoned. Li Rufeng, ordered by Dong Zhuo, personally brought people into the palace and poisoned Liu Bian. Later, the king allowed Dong Zhuo and Lv Bu to be alienated by "serial stratagem". Li Ru advised Dong Zhuo to give up Diao Chan in exchange for Lv Bu's loyalty. Dong Zhuo finally didn't listen and died at Lv Bu's hands. At the time of Dong Zhuo's death, Li Ru was sick at home, bound and sacrificed by his servants, and executed by the city's Cao.
First appearance: Qin Wang in Beijing
Li Ru, the counselor of Zhuo's son-in-law, said in the TV play: "although we have received the imperial edict today, there are many secrets in it. Why don't you send someone on the watch and make sure that the name is right and that big things can be planned. " Zhuo Daxi, then on the table. He said: "those who steal and hear about the chaos and rebellion in the world are all caused by Huang men's constant servant Zhang rang and others who insult Tian Chang. It's better to get rid of the salary than to stop the boiling when I hear that Yang Tang is good for me. If you dare to enter Luoyang with bells and drums, please give way. I'm very lucky! The world is very lucky
"Dong Zhuo is a jackal. If he is introduced into the capital, he will eat people," Zheng Taijian, the imperial censor, said
Lu Zhi also remonstrated: "Zhi Su knows Dong Zhuo is a man with a good face and a cruel heart. Once he enters the forbidden court, there will be disaster. It's better not to stop it and avoid chaos. "
——The third chapter of the romance of the Three Kingdoms
Second appearance: holding the emperor to order the princes
Li Ru said: "today, the imperial court has no master. If you don't act at this time, it will change later. In the coming days, in Wenming garden, all officials will be called together and ordered to abolish them. Those who do not follow will be beheaded, and the authoritarian line is going on today. "
——Selected from the third chapter of the romance of the Three Kingdoms, Dong Zhuo chided Ding Yuan for bribing Jin Zhu and Li Su about Lu Bu.
Three appearances: Yuan Shao can't be killed
When Dong Zhuo wanted to kill Yuan Shao, Li Ruzhi said, "it's not settled. Don't kill him in vain."
——Selected from the fourth chapter of the romance of the Three Kingdoms: abolishing the throne of Emperor Han Chen Liujian and conspiring for Dong thief Meng Dexian's sword
Four appearances: promoting celebrities to attract people
Li Ru advised Zhuo to use celebrities to attract people, because he recommended Cai Yong.
Five appearances: killing the emperor and seizing power
"But the young emperor, Empress Dowager he and imperial concubine Tang were trapped in the Yongan palace, and their clothes and food were gradually scarce. The tears of the young emperor never dried up. One day, I saw Shuangyan flying in the Li Ru court of the new Three Kingdoms, so I recited a poem. The poem said: "the tender grass is green, the smoke condenses, and the two flying swallows curl. Luoshui a green, stranger envy. From afar, the blue clouds are deep. It's my old palace. Who's going to be loyal and give vent to my resentment? " Dong Zhuo often makes people pry. I got this poem on that day and presented it to Dong Zhuo. Zhuo said, "it's famous to write poems with resentment." He ordered Li Ru to take ten warriors to kill the emperor.
——Selected from the fourth chapter of the romance of the Three Kingdoms: abolishing the throne of Emperor Han Chen Liujian and conspiring for Dong thief Meng Dexian's sword
Six appearances: seeing through Cao Cao
"Bu said to Zhuo," it seems that Cao Cao is stabbing, and he was broken by drinking, so he offered his sword. " Zhuo said: "I also doubt it." When he was speaking, he told Li Ruzhi about it. There is no place for a Confucian to live alone. If you send someone to summon you, you will offer a sword if you are sure to come. If you refuse to come, you will assassinate, and you can capture and ask. " ——Selected from the fourth chapter of the romance of the Three Kingdoms: abolishing the throne of Emperor Han Chen Liujian and conspiring for Dong thief Meng Dexian's sword
Seven appearances: show weakness and retreat
Li Ying scurried back to see Dong Zhuo and said that Sun Jian was so rude. Zhuo Nu asks Li Ru. The Confucianist said: "the new defeat of marquis Wen has no intention of fighting. If he did not lead his troops back to Luoyang, he would move the emperor to Chang'an in response to the nursery rhymes. Recently, the market nursery rhyme said: there is a Han in the West and a Han in the East. When a deer enters Chang'an, it is not so difficult. CHEN Si said that "a Han Dynasty in the west" should be established by Gaozu in Chang'an, the capital of the west, and passed on to Emperor 12; "a Han Dynasty in the East" should be established by Guangwu in Luoyang, the capital of the East, and now it is also passed on to Emperor 12. Heaven and earth are in harmony. Only when the prime minister moves back to Chang'an can he have no worries. "
——The third chapter of the romance of the Three Kingdoms
Eight appearances: Design Cao Cao
Let's also say that when Dong Zhuo went to Xingyang, the prefect Xu Rong came to pick him up. Li Ru said, "if the prime minister abandons Luoyang, there will be pursuers. You can teach Xu Rongfu's troops to stay at the side of the mountain dock outside Xingyang city. If any soldiers come, they can let them go. When they are defeated here, they will stop and cover up. So that the latecomers do not dare to pursue again. "
As a result, Cao Cao led his troops and was defeated by Lu Bu and others. Lu Bu laughed and said, "it's not what Li Ru expected!" "Selected from the sixth chapter of the romance of the Three Kingdoms: burning gold Jue, Dong Zhuo's murder, concealing jade seal, Sun Jian's breach of contract
Nine appearances: see through the chain game
Lu Bu came back angry and resentful. He met Li Ru and told him why. The Confucianist came to see Zhuo and said, "if the grand master wants to win the world, why should he blame Wenhou for his minor faults? If the other person's heart changes, the matter will be over. " Zhuo said, "what can I do?" Confucian said: "to call in the coming Dynasty, give gold and silk, good words comfort, naturally nothing." Zhuo Yiyan.
The Confucianist said, "there is no difference in grace. In the past, King Zhuang of Chu had a meeting of jueying instead of Jiang Xiong, who loved his concubine. Later, he was trapped by the Qin soldiers and was rescued by them. Today, Diao Chan is no more than a woman, and Lv Bu is a powerful general of the imperial master. If the grand master takes this opportunity to give the cloth to the cicada, and the cloth feels great kindness, he will repay the grand master with his death. Master, please think twice. " Zhuo Shen yinliang said for a long time, "your words are also true. I should think about them."
——Selected from Chapter 8 of romance of the Three Kingdoms
Ten appearances: expected defeat
The next day, Li Ru came to the meeting and said, "today is a good day. You can send Diao Chan to Lv Bu." Zhuo said: "cloth and I are father and son. It's inconvenient to give them. I'm not going to blame. You can comfort me with your good words The Confucianist said, "the grand master should not be confused by women."
Zhuo chameleon said, "is your wife willing to be with Lu Bu? Don't talk more about Diao Chan's affairs, but if you do, you will be killed! " When Li Ru came out, he looked up to heaven and sighed, "we all die at the hands of women!"
——Selected from the ninth chapter of the romance of the Three Kingdoms, in addition to the ferocious Lu Bu helping the situ criminal Chang'an Li urging Jia Xu to listen
11 appearances: the defeat is settled, since the rest of my life
Zhuo is happy and has no doubt. Since outside the city, all the officials came out to greet him. Only Li Ru is sick
Chinese PinYin : Li Ru
Li Ru
