Jiang Nanxiang

Jiang Nanxiang

Jiang Nanxiang (1913.9.7-1988.5.3)

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Born in Yixing, Jiangsu Province, he is a Marxist educator, a famous leader of China's youth movement, the first vice president of the Party School of the CPC Central Committee, and a member of the steering committee of the CPC Central Committee's Party consolidation work.

He joined the Communist Party of China in the autumn of 1933. In December 1952, Jiang Nanxiang served as president and Secretary of the Party committee of Tsinghua University. In October 1955, he served as member of the Standing Committee of the Beijing Municipal Party committee and the first Secretary of the Party committee of Beijing higher education institutions. After the end of 1959, he served as vice minister of the central Ministry of education, deputy secretary of the Party group, Minister of higher education and Secretary of the Party committee Party secretary.

Life of the characters

Jiang Nanxiang was born in Yixing County, Jiangsu Province on September 7, 1913. He took an active part in patriotic activities when he was in middle school. In 1932, he was admitted to Tsinghua University. In the autumn of 1933, he joined the Communist Party of China. He successively participated in the work of the "social association" and the "national armed Self Defense Association" led by our party. He edited Tsinghua weekly, northern youth and other progressive journals to spread progressive ideas. In 1935, in the famous "12.9" patriotic national salvation movement, Jiang Nanxiang, as one of the leaders, was appointed by the party organization at a higher level to draft the "National Salvation Association of Tsinghua University against the compatriots of the whole country", which issued a cry that "the size of North China is too big to place a quiet desk!" and became a clarion call to arouse the people to strive for national independence. Since then, after the Anti Japanese War and the war of liberation, Jiang Nanxiang has been engaged in youth work, standing in the forefront of China's youth movement. In March 1936, he went to Shanghai as secretary of the JiangWan District Committee of the Shanghai Municipal Committee of education and directly led the branch work of Fudan, Tongji and other universities. In the autumn of that year, he returned to Beiping and became the Secretary of the Beiping Municipal Education Commission, which was directly under the leadership of the North Bureau. After the outbreak of the Anti Japanese War, he served as a member of the Youth Committee of the North Bureau and director of the Propaganda Department of the North Bureau. He once assisted Liu Shaoqi in compiling the party's journal struggle. At the beginning of 1938, he was a member of the Youth Committee of the Yangtze River Bureau and Secretary of the party and League of the all China Federation of students. In Wuhan, he prepared and presided over the second National Federation of students Congress, and participated in the establishment of Wuhan youth salvation League. At the beginning of 1939, he served as secretary of the Youth Committee of the Southern Bureau. Under the leadership of Zhou Enlai, he resolutely implemented the central government's policy of concealment and ability, and preserved and developed the backbone of the youth movement. In February 1941, he was ordered to withdraw from Yan'an and became a member of the Youth Committee of the CPC Central Committee and the propaganda minister of the youth committee. As a member of the Editorial Committee of Jiefang Daily, he wrote many articles and investigation reports on youth work. Jiang Nanxiang took an active part in the rectification movement in Yan'an, boldly criticized the rescue movement in the later period, and wrote the "opinions on the rescue movement" to the Central Committee. After the victory of the Anti Japanese War, he was sent by the Party Central Committee to lead the youth work team to the northeast region to open up youth work. He successively served as member and propaganda minister of Liaobei provincial Party committee, member and propaganda minister of Standing Committee of Harbin municipal Party committee, director of Municipal Education, Secretary of Youth Committee of northeast Bureau, President of Harbin youth cadre school, and Secretary General of party newspaper Committee of northeast Bureau. He trained a large number of young backbone for the construction of northeast base area. During this period, he went to Prague and Warsaw successively to attend the International Youth Conference. In January 1949, he worked in the Youth Commission of the CPC Central Committee and served as the deputy director of the Preparatory Committee of the New Democratic Youth League. He was elected as the Deputy Secretary of the Youth League Central Committee at the first National Youth League Congress. Later, he served as the Secretary of the Secretariat and presided over the establishment of China Youth Daily, which made an important contribution to the organizational and ideological construction of the Youth League in the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China. In December 1952, Jiang Nanxiang was appointed president and Secretary of the Party committee of Tsinghua University. In October 1955, he served as a member of the Standing Committee of the Beijing Municipal Party committee and the first Secretary of the Party committee of Beijing higher education institutions. In the same year, he proposed to Premier Zhou Enlai, Comrade Chen Yi and the Ministry of education that a group of high-tech majors such as atomic energy science and technology should be held in Tsinghua University and Peking University, and led a delegation to the Soviet Union for investigation. In May 1956, Jiang Nanxiang was concurrently Secretary of the Party committee of Tsinghua University. At the end of 1959, he later served as vice minister of the central Ministry of education, deputy secretary of the Party group, Minister of higher education, Secretary of the Party committee, and also president and Secretary of the Party committee of Tsinghua University. During his work at Tsinghua University, he made great efforts to implement the party's educational policy, absorb advanced foreign experience, integrate with China's actual situation, and actively explore a socialist school running road suitable for China's national conditions. He attached great importance to the development of the latest science and technology, and successively established a variety of emerging disciplines such as atomic energy and automatic control in Tsinghua University; he attached great importance to the Marxist education and political and ideological work of students, and cultivated a large number of red and professional talents for the country. He cherished and cared for young students, as well as teachers and staff in politics and life. He personally did the training and development work of some famous old professors joining the party. Jiang Nanxiang's exploration and painstaking work in Tsinghua University have enriched the experience of socialist education, influenced and promoted the reform of higher education, played an important role in the reform of China's education system, and made an important contribution to the treasure house of China's education theory. In 1977, Jiang Nanxiang served as secretary of Tianjin municipal Party committee, deputy director of Tianjin Municipal Reform Committee and director of Tianjin Municipal Science and Technology Committee. He proposed the establishment of "Zhou Enlai Memorial Hall" of Nankai Middle School, and actively suggested that the unified entrance examination of colleges and universities should be resumed as soon as possible. In 1978, as the executive deputy director of the State Science and Technology Commission, he served as the Secretary General of the national science and Technology Congress, and made a lot of organizational leadership work for the formulation of the national science and technology development plan and the convening of the Congress. Entrusted by Deng Xiaoping, he conducted an investigation at Peking University, Tsinghua University and Beijing Normal University, and put forward systematic suggestions on bringing order out of chaos in higher education, which Deng Xiaoping personally approved and submitted to relevant departments for implementation. In 1979, after assuming the important position of minister of education, Jiang Nanxiang led the education front to bring order out of chaos, and made great efforts to restore and develop the education cause which was severely damaged by the "Cultural Revolution". In August 1982, Jiang Nanxiang became the first vice president of the Party School of the CPC Central Committee. According to the instructions of the Central Committee on the work of the Party school and the opinions and suggestions of the leaders of the Central Committee, he assisted Wang Zhenzhuo in leading the work of the Party school effectively. In accordance with the policy of the 12th National Congress of the Communist Party of China on the regularization of training party cadres, he systematically put forward the idea of regularization of Party school education, which was approved by the Central Committee. This has not only played an important role in guiding and promoting the reform and construction of the Central Party school, but also the local Party schools at all levels in the country, which has greatly advanced the cause of the Party school. From October 11 to 12, 1983, the second plenary session of the 12th CPC Central Committee passed the decision of the CPC Central Committee on Party consolidation, and elected the Central Party consolidation work Steering Committee with Hu Yaobang as its director and Bo Yibo as its deputy director. Jiang Nanxiang was appointed member of the Committee.

Main achievements

Jiang Nanxiang was one of the important leaders of the "12.9" movement. At that time, he was Secretary of the Party branch of Tsinghua University and member of the Party committee of Xijiao District of Beiping city. He drafted two manifestos of "12.9" and "12.16" as well as some important documents of the Beiping Federation of students, which had an important influence on the student movement at that time and made great contributions to arousing patriotic students to fight against Japan and save the nation. In the early 1960s, Jiang Nanxiang also presided over the drafting of the "60 articles of higher education" and other school regulations, which were affirmed by the CPC Central Committee and welcomed by colleges and universities all over the world, playing a role in the basic laws and regulations of higher education at that time. He proposed to develop education in proportion with a plan; enrich and strengthen primary schools, rectify and improve junior high schools, adjust and reform senior high schools, and vigorously develop vocational education; presided over the drafting of regulations on academic places of the people's Republic of China, etc., which made indelible contributions to the rectification and restoration of education order, the promotion of education reform, and the acceleration of the development of education. Political counselor system is the concrete practice of Jiang Nanxiang's idea of training both red and professional talents. In 1953, Jiang Nanxiang advocated the establishment of "double shoulder" political counselor system in Tsinghua garden. The so-called "double shouldering" refers to students' political and ideological work and professional study. This "double shouldered political instructor system" has passed through more than half a century. History has proved the strong vitality of this system and its benefits to Tsinghua students, Tsinghua University and the whole country with irrefutable facts. Jiang Nanxiang has been in Tsinghua University for 13 and a half years. He has worked hard to implement the party's education policy, creatively adhered to the training goal of all-round development of morality, intelligence and physical education, actively explored the socialist school running road suitable for China's national conditions, and implemented the combination of teaching, scientific research and production with teaching as the center, so as to make the university become the two centers of education and scientific research. He attached great importance to the development of the latest science and technology, and took the lead in creating a number of new technology specialties and disciplines in Tsinghua, such as atomic energy and automatic control, which promoted the development of new technology in China. He attached great importance to the students' Marxist education and political and ideological work, and initiated the student political instructor system. He paid attention to strengthening basic theory education and teaching students in accordance with their aptitude, paid attention to physical exercise, and put forward the slogan of "striving for 50 years of healthy work for the motherland", which promoted the all-round development of morality, intelligence and physical education. He put forward the idea of "uniting the old and new teachers" and "uniting the old and new teachers". He put forward the famous theory of "three stages and two points", inheriting and carrying forward the fine tradition and style of study of Tsinghua University in various periods. During this period, the scale and level of Tsinghua University have greatly developed and improved. The number of teaching staff has increased from more than 1200 to more than 5300, and the number of undergraduates has exceeded 10000, which has trained a large number of excellent talents for the country and won the reputation of Xu

Chinese PinYin : Jiang Nan Xiang