Duke De of Qin

Duke De of Qin

Duke De of Qin

(710 bc-676 BC), the monarch of Qin State in the spring and Autumn period of China, was in power from 677 BC to 676 BC. He is the second son of Duke Xian of Qin, the younger brother of Duke Wu of Qin, and the elder brother of son Chu of Qin.

In 678 BC, Duke Wu of Qin died, and his son Bai was granted the title of Pingyang (now southwest of Qishan County, Shaanxi Province). He failed to succeed, but his younger brother Duke De of Qin succeeded.

Qin De Gong had three sons: the eldest, Qin Xuangong, the second, Qin Chenggong, and the youngest, Qin Mugong. In 676 BC, Duke De of Qin died and was buried in Yangyang. His eldest son, Duke Xuan of Qin, succeeded to the throne.

Life of the characters

Inherit the throne

Duke De of Qin, surnamed Ying. He is the son of Qin Xiangong and his mother's name is Lu Jizi. Qin Xiangong had three sons. He gave birth to his eldest son, Qin Wugong, and his second son, Qin Degong, Zhao Jia. He gave birth to his youngest son, Qin chuzi, with other concubines.

In the 12th year of the reign of Emperor Qin Xiangong (704 BC), Emperor Qin Xiangong died, and the eldest brother Fugi, Wei Lei and his three fathers abandoned Prince Qin Wugong and made him king.

In the sixth year of Qin chuzi (698 BC), the three fathers conspired to send someone to assassinate Qin chuzi, and once again supported Qin Wugong as king.

In 678 BC, Duke Wu of Qin died. After the death of Duke Wu of Qin, the officials did not make Duke Bai, the son of Duke Wu of Qin, king, but supported Duke De of Qin. When Duke De of Qin succeeded to the throne, he sealed his son Bai in Pingyang.

Tribute to Liang Rui

In 677 BC, Duke of Qin de began to live in Dazheng palace in Yongcheng City, and used 300 cattle, 300 sheep and 300 pigs to sacrifice to the emperor of heaven, and ordered people to divine whether it was suitable to live in Yongcheng city. The result of divination shows that after living in Yongcheng, the descendants of Duke De of Qin can drink horses in the east to the Yellow River. In the same year, Liang Guojun and Rui Guojun paid tribute.

Setting up the Fu day

In the second year of Duke De of Qin Dynasty (676 BC), Duke De of Qin ordered the establishment of Fu RI in the calendar, and ordered the construction of Fu Ci, which was dedicated to Fu RI. The saying of dog days in June of the lunar calendar began from the state of Qin in the period of Duke De of Qin. Ambush means to hide from the heat. After the saying of "the Dragon Boat Festival" came into being, people would think of the coming of midsummer as soon as they heard that they were in ambush. People should find ways to avoid summer heat and exercise less, and improve their awareness of self-care. Before that, there was no saying that the state of Qin was in the sky, and neither did the Zhou Dynasty nor other vassal states. After that, people paid special attention to the coming of the sky. In the early Han Dynasty, the imperial court even explicitly asked all localities to choose the sun according to the local natural climate conditions. We often say that "the cold is in March and the heat is in March". But few people know that it was Duke De of Qin who began to set the rules for entering the cold.

Of course, since we are in the lurch, we have to think of ways to avoid the heat. At that time, people thought that heat and evil would produce Gu, which needed to be eliminated by dog blood. So Duke Qin de ordered the dog to be killed and dismembered. The dog's limbs were hung at the four gates of the city to drive away evil spirits.

In the same year, Duke Qin died at the age of 34. Zhao Jia, Duke of Qin De, had three sons, all of whom became monarchs one after another. His eldest son, Qin xuangongtian, his second son, Qin chenggongzai, and his youngest son, Qin Mugong, served as the emperor.

Political initiatives

The scale of Qin people's sacrifice is also growing. They began to use 300 cattle, 300 sheep and 300 pigs to sacrifice to the heaven and earth in Meixian County, Shaanxi Province. Duke De of Qin ordered people to divine whether it was lucky to move the capital to Yongcheng. As a result, future generations could rely on this land and develop eastward until they drank the Yellow River. After the capital of Qin was moved, the ministers Liang Bo and Rui Bo came to see Qin Jun under pressure. In this year, the state of Qin began to determine that there was a three Fu solar term, and used the method of killing dogs at the gate of the city to get rid of heat poison.

The various systems of the state of Qin had a rudiment in the reign of Zhao Shuo, Duke Wu of Qin and Duke De of Qin, and its national strength began to develop rapidly. This laid a solid foundation for the prosperity of the Qin State in the period of Qin Mugong and for the struggle for hegemony with the Central Plains. As the power of the state of Qin in Guanzhong became more and more powerful, the local princes Liang Bo and Rui Bo, whom the emperor of Zhou took care of, were not expected to come to the court to see Duke De of Qin for a long time. Rui Bo was the monarch of Rui, who was defeated by Qin Xiangong, and may have been the descendant of Rui bowan. Rui is a state with the surname of Ji. The first emperor is Ji Liangfu, a famous Minister of King Xuan of Zhou. He is famous for being granted Rui. Liang state is located in Zhichuan and Longting towns of Hancheng City, Shaanxi Province. It is adjacent to Rui state. It is also a vassal state with the surname Ying. It is said that the first emperor was xiaoerzikang of Qin Zhong, who is related to Qin state by blood. It's worth discussing about the idea that Liang state was first granted the title of king. The eldest son of Qin Zhong, Qin zhuanggong, was just a doctor of Xi Chui, not a vassal. Why was Qin Zhong's youngest son granted the title of Earl instead of a vassal? A more reasonable explanation is that the monarch of Liang state is the family of Qin Ying, but it may not really be the son of Qin Zhong. His first title may not be far behind the time when Qin Xianggong established the state of Qin.

Historical records

The fifth volume of historical records

member of family

parent

Father: Qin Xiangong (Qin Ninggong).

Mother: Lu Jizi gave birth to Duke Wu and Duke De of Qin.

brother

Duke Wu of Qin, Duke De of Qin and his mother and brother.

Qin Chu Zi, Qin De Gong Yi Mu di.

Nephew

Duke Xuan of Qin, the eldest son of Duke De of Qin.

Duke Cheng of Qin, Duke De of Qin.

Duke mu of Qin, son of Duke De of Qin.

Prince Bai, the son of Duke Wu of Qin Dynasty, was not succeeded to the throne and was granted Pingyang.

Chinese PinYin : Qin De Gong