Zheng Zhengqiu

Zheng Zhengqiu

Zheng Zhengqiu (January 25, 1889 - July 16, 1935), formerly known as Zheng Fangze, was born in Chaoyang, Guangdong Province (now shangyanting village, Chengtian Town, Chaonan District, Shantou City). Director, screenwriter, drama critic. One of the earliest film writers and directors in China is known as "the father of Chinese film".

In 1910, Zheng Zhengqiu began to engage in drama criticism. In 1913, he wrote and directed China's first short feature film, hard husband and hard wife. In the same year, he began to engage in new drama creation and performance. In 1922, he and Zhang Shichuan founded the star film company. In 1923, he wrote the script of the long feature film "the orphan saves his ancestors". In 1932, he wrote and directed the film flower of freedom. In 1934, she wrote and directed the drama sister flower. On June 5, 1935, the war movie "loyal souls" was released.

On the morning of July 16, 1935, Zheng Zhengqiu died of illness in Shanghai at the age of 46.

(general drawing reference)

Life of the characters

Learning experience

Zheng Zhengqiu was born in Shanghai on January 25, 1889. In order to let the child know his hometown, when he was 3 years old, Zheng Zhengqiu was brought back to Shangyan village by his mother Mrs. Zhang Tai from Shanghai. Two years later, Zheng Zhengqiu, at the age of school, returned to Shanghai with his mother and was taught by Zhuang Chenghuang, a native of Jiading. Under the guidance of Mr. Zhuang, Zheng Zhengqiu not only laid a good foundation of traditional Chinese culture, but also developed a good command of Chinese characters. A year later, 10-year-old Zheng Zhengqiu entered Yucai Academy.

Engaged in drama review

In 1903, Zheng Zhengqiu graduated from Yucai Academy for physical reasons. His father spent money to buy a "waiting officer" position in Zhang Zhidong, forcing Zheng Zhengqiu to go to Hubei immediately. Zheng Zhengqiu barely worked in Hubei for nearly two years, and finally decided to abandon his official position and go into business. Two years later, due to losses, he handed over the earth stack to his younger brother Zheng Zhengdong. Zheng Zhengqiu, inspired by his friend Xia Yueshan, engaged in the new drama movement.

On November 26th, 1910, a long review, Li Li Suo Xi Yan, signed by Zheng Zhengqiu, was published in Min Li Bao, sponsored by you Ren. This is Zheng Zhengqiu's first drama review. Since then, he began to publish drama reviews in the Min Li Bao under the titles of "Li Li Suo Xi Yan" and "Li Li Suo Ling Ping", advocating the reform of old dramas and the promotion of new dramas.

In February 1911, Minli pictorial, a subsidiary of Minli daily, was first published. Yu Youren hired Zheng Zhengqiu to be the "reporter" of Minli pictorial. In October, after the publication of Minli pictorial stopped, Zheng Zhengqiu became the "reporter" of the attached civil rights pictorial of Minquan pictorial sponsored by Song Jiaoren. On December 12, Zheng Zhengqiu's first new drama story, the bloody mandarin duck, began to be serialized in Minli pictorial.

In 1912, Zheng Zhengqiu founded the Chinese painting drama newspaper.

Writing and acting new plays

In June and July of 1913, Xinmin company was jointly established with Zhang Shichuan and Du junchu to contract the editing, directing and acting business of Asia Film Company. After the establishment of the company, Zheng Zhengqiu and Zhang Shichuan co edited and directed China's first silent short film "hard husband, hard wife". After shooting "hard husband, hard wife", the Asian film company stopped, so Xinmin company naturally had nothing to do, and the actors recruited had to lose their jobs. Zheng Zhengqiu couldn't bear to see the actors living in poverty and being displaced, so he used his family wealth as a fund to organize the Xinmin new drama Research Institute. In the middle of September, Xinmin new drama society (hereinafter referred to as Xinmin Society) was officially established to perform new dramas. Zheng Zhengqiu, also known as Zhengqiu and Yaofeng, took part in the performance.

In April of 1914, Zheng Zhengqiu arranged the historical play "Yidi Wusong". In May, Zheng Zhengqiu led some members of Xinmin society to Wuhan to perform his new play "empty valley orchid".

In the middle of January 1915, Shanghai Xinmin society was merged into MINMING society, and Zheng Zhengqiu was the chief director of the screenwriter. In the same year, Zheng Zhengqiu founded the Greater China drama society in Hankou and wrote and acted the new political drama "hidden pain". In the autumn of the same year, MINMING society was closed. In December, Zheng Zhengqiu led Wuhan Xinmin society back to Shanghai, which officially ended.

In March 1916, Zheng Zhengqiu and Gu Wuwei reorganized the MINMING news agency. He edited and acted the new dramas Xinhua poison, 83 days emperor's dream, which exposed Yuan Shikai and the warlords poisoned the country, and the story of Sun Yat sen in London, which praised Sun Yat Sen's revolutionary activities. In late May, he co starred with Gu Wuwei in the spirit of the Republic, death into benevolence and Napoleon. In late November, Zheng Zhengqiu appeared in the new plays "Yi Gai Wu Qi" and "Ci en". In December, Zheng Zhengqiu appeared in the new play "nine heads in one case" and wrote "Lin Daiyu burying flowers".

At the beginning of 1917, Zheng Zhengqiu left MINMING society because of the contradiction with Gu Wuwei, and soon established the school of drama of medicinal wind. In the spring of the same year, at the invitation of Zhu shuangyun, Zheng Zhengqiu joined the laughing stage and took charge of the backstage. However, due to their different ideas, Zheng Zhengqiu soon left the laughing stage and joined Mingxin club to perform in Hangzhou, Ningbo and other places.

In May 1918, Zheng Zhengqiu returned to Shanghai and established Yaofeng new drama club. In July, he wrote and acted the political drama Qiu Jin. From July to November, Zheng Zhengqiu appeared in the new dramas "stealing the country thief", "Cai E" and "Diao Chan worships the moon". In November, Zheng Zhengqiu dissolved Yaofeng new drama club.

In May 1919, Zheng Zhengqiu founded the Xinmin library and published the monthly journal of medicine. In addition, Zheng Zhengqiu also founded Fengfeng new drama club and acted as the director of editing and acting. In September, Zheng Zhengqiu changed the name of Dafeng new drama club to Heping new drama department. He himself served as the director of drama. Then the new play new youth was arranged. In the autumn of the same year, he wrote and acted the practical drama Ling Liansheng. In November, Zheng Zhengqiu united a group of new dramatists and established the "all China new dramas Federation of trade unions". Zheng Zhengqiu was elected president of the Federation. On December 17, the new drama Federation of trade unions held a fund-raising performance. Zheng Zhengqiu specially wrote two new social dramas: gold and beauty and the sad voice of the blessed land.

In April 1920, Zheng Zhengqiu wrote a new practical drama, the drama of Jiang Laowu dying for love. In November, the new practical drama "Yan Ruisheng's murder" and "peach blossom luck" were arranged.

In March 1921, Zheng Zhengqiu arranged a new political drama "old and new families". In April, a new practical drama "Ruixiang kills his sister-in-law" was arranged.

Making movies

In March 1922, Zheng Zhengqiu, together with Zhang Shichuan, Zheng Zhegu, Zhou Jianyun and Ren Jinping, raised 50000 yuan to set up the star film company. Zheng Zhengqiu served as assistant director, screenwriter and director, and concurrently as the principal of the star film school. On June 9, Zheng Zhengqiu gave a farewell performance of the new play. Then he went to the exchange to do short selling gambling business, but soon failed. In the same year, he wrote short films such as "journey to Shanghai by the Funny King", "love of the laborer" and "theatre of making a fuss" for the star film company.

In 1923, Zheng Zhengqiu went to laopu new drama troupe in Hankou. At the end of the same year, the film "the orphan saves his ancestors" written by him and directed by Zhang Shichuan was completed.

In 1924, Zheng Zhengqiu wrote scripts for the movies "soul of jade pear", "bitter son and weak girl" and "good brother".

In 1925, Zheng Zhengqiu wrote screenplays for the films "the last conscience", "children", "a woman in Shanghai", "blind orphan" and "early birth of a noble son". In the same year, he created a new play "Sun Yat Sen" for the laugh stage, and Zheng Zhengqiu played Sun Yat Sen himself.

In 1926, Zheng Zhengqiu edited and directed the movies "little lover" and "a little worker".

In 1927, Zheng Zhengqiu wrote screenplays for the films "the couple in name", "Shandong Ma Yongzhen", "chivalrous Phoenix", "Che Chi Guo Tang Monk fighting". In the same year, he edited and directed the films "two eight beauties", "stone of blood and tears" and "Yang Xiaozhen".

In 1928, Zheng Zhengqiu directed the movie broken piano house. In the same year, he edited and directed the film "chivalrous woman saves the lady", and co filmed the films "woman in black" and "blood tears yellow flower" (the first episode) with Cheng Bugao.

In 1929, Zheng Zhengqiu wrote, directed and starred in the film "little compatriots in the battlefield". In the same year, he and Cheng Bugao jointly shot the film "yellow flowers in tears of blood" (the latter part), and wrote a script for the film "journey to the west".

In 1930, Zheng Zhengqiu wrote a screenplay for the film "advocating the virtuous mother". In the same year, he edited and directed the movie "peach blossom Lake" (before and after).

In 1931, Zheng Zhengqiu wrote a script for the movie hate the sea. In the same year, he edited and directed the films "red tears" and "farewell to the jade man".

In 1932, Zheng Zhengqiu wrote and directed the film flower of freedom, which was co starred by Hu Die, Gong Jianong and Xia Peizhen, in order to promote the Anti Japanese and patriotic movement.

In the 22nd year of the Republic of China (1933), the China Film Culture Association was founded in Shanghai on February 9, and Zheng Zhengqiu was elected as the executive member. In October, he attended a meeting to welcome the representatives of the international anti imperialist Congress. In the same year, Zheng Zhengqiu published the article "how to go forward" in the star monthly, proposing the "three anti ism" creation of anti imperialism, anti capitalism and anti feudalism principle. In the same year, he directed the film spring

Chinese PinYin : Zheng Zheng Qiu