Gao Qingkui
Gao Qingkui
Gao Qingkui (1890-1942), formerly known as Zhenshan (Zhenshan), was called haozijun. He is a famous performing artist of Laosheng in Peking Opera, the founder of Laosheng art of high school in Peking Opera, and one of the "four Xusheng" in Peking Opera. Gao Qingkui, a native of Yuci, Shanxi Province, was born in Beijing. His father Gao Sibao (Shi Jie) was a famous clown actor in Peking Opera in the late Qing Dynasty. In the 1930s, Gao Qingkui, Yu Shuyan and Ma Lianliang were known as the "three sages" of Laosheng. His masterpieces are "three cuts and one touch", namely "chop Huangpao", "chop Ma Su", "Yuanmen chop Zi" and "touch stele".
Personal experience
Gao Qingkui was born in keqingxiang and Keban. He learned from Jia Lichuan and Jia Honglin. At the age of 12, he took the stage as Tan Xinpei's baby boy. Later, he performed in Yang Xiaoduo's Yiwen club, Liu Hongsheng's Tao Yongshe, Tan Xinpei's Tongqing club and Yu Zhenting's Shuangqing club. After changing his voice at 18, he learned martial arts from Li Xinfu. In 1919, Gao Qingkui went to Japan with Mei Lanfang to perform, and starred with Mei Lanfang in the imperial stele Pavilion and other plays.
In 1921, Gao Qingkui organized Qingxing club and performed with Hao Shouchen and Shen Huaxuan in Huale theater, Zhonghe theater, Jixiang theater and Star Theater. He also rearranged, adapted and arranged a number of historical plays, and arranged the relevant contents into "this play", such as the full version of the spring and Autumn period of heyday (including zhanfancheng, wenzhaoguan and ciwangliao), the full version of Xiaoyaojin, as well as crying for Qinting, yurangqiao, presenting yipao, malingdao, shikefa, zuishuachonger, Suqin Zhangyi, stealing Fu to save Zhao and Xunyang "Yingtianqiu" and so on. In the 1930s, he, Yu Shuyan and Ma Lianliang were known as the "three great sages" of Xusheng and ranked among the "four great Xusheng".
Gao Qingkui has led the troupe to perform in Shanghai, Tianjin and other places for many times. In 1933, Gao Qingkui and Mei Lanfang performed on Tianchan stage in Shanghai. In May 1934, Gao Qingkui lost his voice until he could not perform normally. In 1938, Gao Qingkui went to the Chinese opera academy as a teacher, and later to fuliancheng society as a consultant. At 5:40 a.m. on February 4, 1942 (December 19), Gao Qingkui lived in Lanyin Hutong, Beijing.
Establish the high school
Gao Qingkui's old life sang in Tan school. After his voice recovered, it was more sweet, crisp, broad and bright, high pitched and exciting, and rich in timbre. Then, he absorbed the singing characteristics of sun Juxian and Liu Hongsheng, and used the singing methods of Lao Dan Gong Yunfu and Hualian Qiu Guixian for reference to form a unique artistic style.
Some people think that Gao Qingkui's "Gao Pai" is a kind of misunderstanding. In addition to the high spirited singing art, the high school art can also play the roles of wusheng, Hualian and laodan. He is especially good at using the big mouth to express the feelings of the characters in the way of long tune, so as to achieve the artistic effect of both sound and emotion. His speech is sonorous and forceful, and his work is profound and meticulous, and he is good at expression. Most of his singing and recitation use Beijing characters and Beijing sounds.
personal works
Gao Qingkui founded the high school, which is generally recognized as "three cuts and one touch" or "three cuts and one exploration". (i.e. chop Huang Pao, chop Ma Su, chop Yuanmen, touch tablet, and explore the mother of Si Lang). In addition, Gao Qingkui's "Xiaoyaojin" and "crying Qinting" are high pitched, energetic, energetic and stirring, which are representative works of "high school". Gao Qingkui's performance of Zhuge Liang in Roufen Ji, fan Sui in Yi Pao as a gift and Liu Zizhong in tie Lian Hua is characterized by standard posture and meticulous expression, especially the use of eyes.
Gao Qingkui imitates Liu Hongsheng, Hualian can play judge Ji, wusheng can play lianhuantao, Hongsheng can play huarongdao, and laodan can play fishing for the golden turtle, digging the earth to see his mother, and visiting the six halls. Its representative plays include: xunyanglou, Qiji Menghuo, chusanyao, xinlingjun, shikefa, meishanhen, jiugengtian, zhanpuguan, dumuguan, etc.
It is worth mentioning that when Gao Qingkui performed in Shanghai for many times, in addition to the above-mentioned blockbuster repertoire, one to three books of "fan biography" were the most famous. In the play, Gao Qingkui, as a fan, plays the roles of Sheng, Dan, Jing and Chou.
Descendants of Gao family
Gao Qingkui has five men and two women. Because of his ancestral home in Shanxi, his sons are ranked as Jinchang (Gao Chunsheng), Jinlin (Gao Shenglin), Jintao (Gao Shitai), Jinqi (Gao Shishou) and Jinyuan (Gao Yunsheng) by the word "Jin". Except for the eldest son, who is a doctor, the rest of them are in fuliancheng society. Their female names are Gao Yarong and Gao Yazhen.
Record handed down
EMI records
In 1922, Gao Qingkui acted as Wang Zuo, Gao Liankui and Jing Hu
In 1922, Gao Qingkui acted as Wu Zixu, Gao Liankui and Jinghu
In 1922, Gao Qingkui acted as Li Keyong, Gao Liankui and Jinghu
In 1922, Gao Qingkui acted as Zhuge Liang, Gao Liankui and Jinghu
In 1922, Gao Qingkui acted as Zhuge Liang, Gao Liankui and Jinghu
In 1922, Gao Qingkui acted as Zhuge Liang, Gao Liankui and Jinghu
Fan biography (beating drums to scold Cao) in 1922, Gao Qingkui acted as Wuyin, Gao Liankui and Jinghu
8 drama fan biography (jiugengtian) in 1922, Gao Qingkui acted as Wuyin, Gao Liankui and Jinghu
In 1922, Gao Qingkui acted as Xue Rengui, Gao Liankui and Jinghu
In 1922, Gao Qingkui acted as Xue Rengui, Gao Liankui and Jinghu
In 1933, Gao Qingkui acted as Shi Kefa, Gao Liankui and Jinghu
In 1933, Gao Qingkui acted as Chongzhen, Gao Liankui and Jinghu
In 1933, Gao Qingkui acted as Zhuge Liang, Hao Shouchen as Ma Su and Gao Liankui as Jinghu
Gotting records
In 1929, Gao Qingkui acted as Zhuge Liang, Gao Liankui, Jinghu and Lu Fengshan
In 1929, Gao Qingkui acted as Zhao Kuangyin / Gao Huaide, Gao Liankui, Jinghu and Lu Fengshan
In 1929, Gao Qingkui acted as Zhang Yi, Gao Liankui, Jinghu and Lu Fengshan
In 1929, Gao Qingkui acted as Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty, Gao Liankui as Jinghu, and Lu Fengshan as a drum
In 1929, Gao Qingkui acted as Yang yanzhao, Gao Liankui, Jinghu and Lu Fengshan
In 1929, Gao Qingkui acted as xinlingjun, Gao Liankui, Jinghu and lufengshan
In 1929, Gao Qingkui acted as Jiang's, Gao Liankui's Jinghu and Lu Fengshan's drum
In 1929, Gao Qingkui acted as Bao Zheng, Gao Liankui, Jinghu and Lu Fengshan
Victor records
In 1924, Gao Qingkui decorated Wang Youdao, Gao Liankui and Jinghu
In 1924, Gao Qingkui acted as Xue Pinggui, Gao Liankui and Jinghu
In 1924, Gao Qingkui acted as Yang Yanhui, Gao Liankui and Jinghu
In 1924, Gao Qingkui acted as Li Heng, Gao Liankui and Jing Hu
In 1924, Gao Qingkui acted as Chen Boyu, Gao Liankui and Jinghu
In 1924, Gao Qingkui played the role of Chen Gong, Gao Liankui and Jing Hu
Victory records
In 1924, Gao Qingkui acted as Zhuge Liang, Gao Liankui and Jinghu
In 1928, Gao Qingkui acted as Shen Baoxu, Gao Liankui and Jing Hu
These records contain Gao Qingkui's plays in different periods of artistic development, and are valuable materials for the study of Gao's senior students' art.
Heirs of high school
The heirs of the high school include Bai Jialin, Wang Binfen, Yu Zhongheng, Ma Shaoxiang, Wang Zhongting, fan Junhong, Li Hezeng and Li shengzao, Gao Qingkui's son-in-law. The second heirs include Xin Baoda, Ni maocai, Li Wenlin, Wu Ping, Zhang Yuefu and Shan Youan.
Activity chronology
1890
June 15, April 28, the 16th year of Guangxu (Gengyin),
Gao Qingkui
He was born in Beijing. His father was Gao Sibao, a famous clown in the late Qing Dynasty, and also a famous scholar.
Gao Qingkui
He once worked in Kexiang Qingxiang and Keban. At the age of 11, he studied civil and martial arts from Jia Lichuan. At the age of 12, he took the stage to play for Tan Xinpei. At the age of 18, he changed his voice and practiced martial arts from Li Xinfu. He learned all kinds of skills from Jia Hongshu and Lin. He was also taught by Shen Sanyuan, Zhu Tianxiang, Liu Xichun, Chen Fusheng and Li Chunfu.
Gao Qingkui, 1913
Perform with Mei Lanfang in Yucheng class. At the same time, take other classes. There are Yiwen society, Shuangqing society, Tongxin society, Fushou society, Yuqun society and Hongqing class. During this period, from supporting role to leading role, he had a higher status in every class. He became an old man with rich artistic accumulation.
Gao Qingkui
He went to Tianjin to perform and was accepted as an apprentice.
Qingkui, 1914
Under the wind of social reform, he co performed with Mei Lanfang the first fashion play of Beijing opera, waves of the evil sea.
1915
On February 5, at the invitation of Chen Delin, Yu Shuyan returned to perform in Guangde building. Mei Lanfang, Shi Huibao, Wang Fengqing
Gao Qingkui
"Si Lang Tan Mu" by Xie Baoyun and Chen Delin.
1917
On August 25, due to the flood in the north of Beijing, he sang a compulsory opera on the first stage.
Gao Qingkui
Starring in Yellow Crane Tower.
1918
In February,
Gao Qingkui
He and Yao Yufu co performed "three high fives" in the auspicious drama garden of Dong'an Market. In March,
Gao Qingkui
He co stars with Yang Xiaolou, Shang Xiaoyun, Xun Huisheng and Li shunting in the front and back versions of the battle between Chu and Han, playing Han Xin. May
Gao Qingkui
He will perform in Tianjin with Mei Lanfang in Hongqing class, return to Yuqun club, and perform in Tianjin with Mei in September.
1919
From April 21 to May 27, Mei Lanfang led Gao Qingkui, Guan Dayuan and seven other actors to perform in Japan. In Tokyo, Osaka
Chinese PinYin : Gao Qing Kui
Gao Qingkui
