Qian Yi
Qian Yi
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Qian Yi, whose name is Zhongyang, was born in Dongping of Song Dynasty from Renzong to Huizong of Northern Song Dynasty (about 1032-1113 A.D.) at the age of 82 years. He is a famous pediatrician in Song Dynasty. In his academic career, Qian first became famous for his prescription of cranial fontanelle. He practiced Pediatrics, and once cured the children's diseases of the emperor's relatives. His reputation was outstanding, and he was awarded the title of Hanlin medical scholar. He once served as Cheng of Taiyuan hospital. During many years of medical practice, Qian Yi accumulated rich clinical experience and became a famous doctor at that time. The summary of the general catalogue of Sikuquanshu says that "Qian Yi's family is the best of its generation". There are five volumes of treatise on febrile diseases, one hundred of treatise on infants and children, eight volumes of Qian's formula for children, and three volumes of Zhijue of children's medicine syndrome. At present, there is only "Zhijue of pediatric medicine syndrome", and other books have been lost.
Profile
Qian Yi, Zhong Yang. Born in 1032 AD and died in 1113 ad, he originally had a clan relationship with Qian Gu, the king of Wu and Yue. His ancestral home was Qiantang, Zhejiang Province. Later, his grandfather moved north, so he was born in Yunzhou, Dongping (now Dongping County, Shandong Province). Qian Yi, the first famous pediatrician in the history of Chinese medicine, is the first extant pediatric monograph in China. For the first time, it systematically summarized the methods of syndrome differentiation and treatment for children, which made Pediatrics develop into an independent discipline. Later generations regard "pediatric medicine syndrome Zhijue" as a classic work of Pediatrics, and regard Qian Yi as "the saint of Pediatrics" and "the originator of Pediatrics". Qian has 40 years of clinical experience in pediatrics. In 1114, his student Yan Jizhong sorted out his theory, medical records and proven prescriptions and compiled "pediatric medicine syndrome direct formula", which is the earliest pediatric monograph in China. Qian Yi was an outstanding medical scientist in the Northern Song Dynasty. Liuwei Dihuang pill, formerly known as dihuangyuan (pill), is a representative prescription for tonifying Yin. It was first found in "Zhijue of pediatric medicine syndrome" by Qian Yizhi of the Northern Song Dynasty.
Main experience
Qian Yi's father Qian Ying is good at medicine, but he likes drinking and traveling. One day he swam eastward and never came back. Qian Yi was only three years old, and his mother had died before that. He married his aunt and taught him how to become an orphan for a long time. He cried and asked to go out to look for his father. He went back and forth eight or nine times. It took him several years to get him home, but it was 30 years since his father left. The villagers were filled with emotion and wrote poems praising it. He treated Dr. Lu like his own father. Dr. Lu had no son. After his death, Qian Yi buried him and put on his filial piety to watch his funeral. Qian Yi used to have an old weakness, and he often treated it according to his own ideas. Later, when the disease worsened, he sighed: "this disease is" Zhou Bi ". If it invades the internal organs, it will kill people. I'm probably going to die. Soon he said, "I can transfer the disease to my hands and feet." So he made his own medicine and drank it day and night. His left hand and foot suddenly curled and couldn't stretch. He happily said: "OK!" his relatives and friends went to Dongshan to pick Poria cocos bigger than Dou, so he took it according to the method of the doctor's prescription until he finished it. In this way, although half of his hands and feet are disabled, he is as strong as a healthy man. Later, on the grounds of illness, he resigned and went home, never going out again.
work
There are five volumes of treatise on febrile diseases, one hundred of treatise on infants and children, eight volumes of Qian's formula for children, and three volumes of Zhijue of children's medicine syndrome. At present, there is only "Zhijue of pediatric medicine syndrome", and other books have been lost.
Academic content
1、 "Five zang organs syndrome differentiation" method: Qian Yi has been "asking for medical advice from Lu Jun" since childhood. He is diligent and studious, and seriously studies Neijing, Shanghan Lun, Shennong Bencao Jing, etc. Especially in Shennong's Materia Medica, he made great efforts to "distinguish and correct the mistakes". Someone took different medicine to consult him. He always explained the difference from "birth background" to "looking for name and appearance" in detail. After checking the materia medica, it turned out that they were all right. In addition, he collected and studied the ancient and modern pediatric data one by one. Before Qian Yi, there was not much information about the treatment of pediatric diseases. According to the records of the historian, Bian que was once a pediatrician, and Wei Xun of the Eastern Han Dynasty wrote the Sutra of cranial fontanelle, which has been lost. Chaoyuanfang's "Treatise on the origin of various diseases" and Sun Simiao's "qianjinfang" also have records on pediatric diseases. At the beginning of Song Dynasty, someone called ancient Shi Wu to write the second volume of "skull fontanelle classic", which talked about the pulse method of children, the diagnosis of disease and syndrome, and the treatment of convulsion, chanli, Huodan (erysipelas), miscellaneous syndrome, etc. Qian Yi studied this book repeatedly, and was deeply inspired. He used it in clinical practice and received curative effect. Qian Yi also explored a set of "five viscera syndrome differentiation" method for children based on Zhang Zhongjing's syndrome differentiation and treatment with the help of the Enlightenment of "children's pure Yang" theory in "skull fontanel classic" and his own clinical practice. Therefore, Yan Jizhong said to him, "the treatment of children should include the past and the present, and be more complacent.". Qian Yi's "health preservation" method has been proved to be a scientific and effective health preservation method by later generations. Qian Yi once said, "if you want to have children's peace, you often have to divide hunger and cold." That is to say, children's viscera are delicate and their digestion and absorption function is not perfect. If they keep seven points full, their viscera are not easy to be damaged. Children do not want to eat, so they do not have to chase to feed. When children are hungry, they naturally have the will to eat. If the clothes are too warm, it is easy to sweat and catch cold, leading to colds and colds. Therefore, it is not easy for children to suffer from cough, asthma and other diseases in a "seven minutes warm" environment. the above methods are also applicable to adults. Qian Yi advocates that we should not eat too much and dress too warm. It's not suitable to eat too many exquisite or favorite food, because the partial diet makes the human body take in insufficient nutrients and make people thin and weak. At the same time, eating too much can cause the patient or overweight. third, through the face diagnosis ancient doctors called Pediatrics do dumb department, think that the treatment of children's disease is the most difficult. Because young children can't speak, even if they can, they often can't express themselves. Through more than 40 years of medical practice, Qian Yi summed up the physiological characteristics of children, and gradually explored a set of diagnosis and treatment methods. In practice, Qian Yi realized that the physiological characteristics of children are: "the internal organs are weak", "the five internal organs are not complete, and the whole is not strong". Its pathological characteristics are "easy to be deficient, easy to produce, easy to be cold and easy to be hot". Therefore, to overcome the difficulty of infantile disease, we must have a correct and comprehensive understanding of the physiology and pathology of children. In terms of diagnosis, he advocated the diagnosis of children's five visceral diseases from the face and eyes, adding two special observation methods of "face syndrome" and "eye syndrome". For example, he believes that "the left cheek is the liver, the right cheek is the lung, the forehead is the heart, the nose is the spleen, and the chin is the kidney" on the face, which can be used to judge the child's disease from the color changes of these parts. And observe the eye "red", heart heat. Light red, heart deficiency heat. Green, liver heat. Yellow, spleen heat. No essence, kidney deficiency In the aspect of prescription medication, we should avoid rash attack, erroneous attack and strict supplement, and advocate the principle of "soft and moist".
clinical application
When Qian Yi studied, he was not a teacher, and he was good at cutting ancient prescriptions and creating new ones. Such as his Liuwei Dihuang pills. It is composed of Rehmannia glutinosa, Chinese yam, Cornus officinalis, Poria cocos, Rhizoma alismatis and cortex moutan. It was originally the addition and subtraction of Cui's Bawei pill (dried Rehmannia glutinosa, Cornus officinalis, dioscorea, Rhizoma alismatis, Cortex Moutan, Poria cocos, Ramulus Cinnamomi and Radix Aconiti Lateralis) in Zhang Zhongjing's synopsis of the golden chamber. It was used as a supplement for children. This has a certain enlightening effect on the later advocates of nourishing yin. For example, Li Dongyuan's Yiyin Shenqi Pill and Zhu Danxi's Dabuyin pill (prescription of Danxi Xinfa) are the four great masters of Jin and Yuan Dynasties. It is composed of Phellodendron amurense, Anemarrhena asphodeloides, Rehmannia glutinosa, tortoise shell and spinal cord. Therefore, some people think that Qian Yi was the pioneer of Ziyin school. In addition, Qian Yi also created many effective prescriptions, such as Shengma Gegen decoction, Daochi powder, which is composed of Shengdihuang, Gancao and Mutong, xiefei powder, which is composed of Sangbaipi, Digupi and shenggancao, Dihuang pill, which is used to treat deficiency of liver and kidney yin, tinnitus of eyes and fontanelle, and dyspepsia Gongsan, Baibu pill, anchong powder and shijunzi pill are still commonly used in clinic.
Anecdotes and allusions
Treatment of typhoid fever a man surnamed Zhu has a five-year-old son who has a fever at night and nothing to do during the day. Some doctors treat typhoid fever, some doctors treat fever, and use cold medicine to relieve the exterior. He can't cure it all the time. The symptoms of the sick child are: excessive salivation and sleepiness. Other doctors salivated with iron powder pills, but their condition was even worse. On the fifth day, they were thirsty and drank. Qian Yi said: the rule of law cannot be used. So he took one or two pieces of Baizhu powder and three liters of boiling water to make the sick child drink and take it in the daytime. Surnamed Zhu asked: "drink too much will not diarrhea?" Qian Yi replied: "do not infiltrate raw water in it, will not diarrhea. Even if diarrhea is not strange, it just can not use the rule of law. The person surnamed Zhu asked, "what disease should be treated first?" Qian Yi said, "it's all depend on this medicine to relieve thirst, treat phlegm and clear away heat." In the evening, after taking the medicine, Qian Yi looked at the sick child and said, "I can take another three liters." Another three liters of Atractylodes macrocephala powder, the sick child took it and felt better. On the third day, he took another three liters of Atractylodes macrocephala powder. The sick child was no longer thirsty or salivating. Then Qian Yi took two doses of Ejiao powder (also known as Bufei powder and Bufei Ejiao powder)
Chinese PinYin : Qian Yi
Qian Yi
