Xiao Yi

Xiao Yi

Xiao Yi (September 16, 508-january 27, 555) was born in Jiankang County, Danyang county (Nanjing, Jiangsu Province). The third emperor of Liang Dynasty (552-554), the seventh son of Xiao Yan, was born to Ruan Ling Ying.

Smart, talented and beautiful, love literature and art. In the 13th year of Tianjian, he was canonized as the king of Xiangdong Prefecture. He was blind because of illness. In 526, he served as the general of Zhenxi and the governor of Jingzhou. During the chaos of Hou Jing, he was appointed to Shizhong, Feihuang Yue, and Dudu, who were responsible for all kinds of military affairs at home and abroad. After learning of the death of emperor Liang Wu, they attacked Xiao Yu, the king of Hedong and Xiao Lun, the king of Shaoling. They defeated Xiao Chen, the Xiangyang prefect, and ordered Wang Seng Bian and Chen Baxian to pacify Hou Jing. The first year of Chengsheng is located in Jiangling. He united with the Western Wei Dynasty to attack Yizhou and eliminate Xiao Ji, the king of Wuling, which led to the fall of Yizhou. He wrote a letter to the Western Wei Dynasty, demanding to redraw the border, which aroused the dissatisfaction of Yu Wentai, the Prime Minister of the Western Wei Dynasty.

In the third year of Chengsheng's reign, he was attacked violently by the generals Yu Jin and Yang Zhong of the Western Wei Dynasty. He was defeated and surrendered, and Xiao Chen smothered him to death with an earth bag. His posthumous title is Yuan Dynasty. He was buried in Yingling, and his temple name is Shizu. He is the author of Jin Lou Zi.

Life of the characters

Overview of characters

Xiao Yi (508-554), emperor of Liang Dynasty. 553-554 A.D. The word Shicheng, the word Qifu. The seventh son of Emperor Wu. In 514, he was granted the title of king of eastern Hunan and zhenjiangling (now Jingzhou, Hubei). The first year of the Qing Dynasty (547) was the governor of Jingzhou. Hou Jing confuses Liang, embraces the public to balk. Jing Weiping killed Xiao Yu, the governor of Xinzhou, the king of Guiyang, in Jiangling, and attacked each other with Xiao Yu, the governor of Xiangzhou, the king of Hedong. Jing jubing marched westward and was defeated by baling (now Yueyang, Hunan), so he ordered Wang Seng to argue with him. In the third year of Dabao (552), Jingping, the king of Wuling, named Xiao Ji emperor of Shu. He also ascended the throne in Jiangling. The next year, the king of Wuling led the people to the east to Xiling, where he was defeated. In the third year of Chengsheng (554), Xiao Chen, the governor of Yongzhou, led the Western Wei soldiers to attack. Jiangling was surrounded, more than 100000 books were burned, and the city was trapped and killed. After respect for the Yuan emperor, the ancestral temple. He is good at affectation and jealousy, but he is good at calligraphy, painting and writing. He has written more than 400 volumes, such as biography of filial piety, nostalgia and jinlouzi. The original collection has been lost, and later generations compiled the collection of emperor Liang Yuan.

Control Kyushu

In 514, he was granted the title of king of eastern Hunan. In his early years, he became blind due to illness. In 547, he came out of Jingzhou and served as governor of Jingzhou, envoy, governor, jingyongxiang, Secretary of Yingning Liang, military officer of Jiuzhou in the north and south of Qin Dynasty, and general of Zhenxi. During Hou Jing's rebellion, Emperor Wu of Liang sent people to Jingzhou to read out the imperial edict, and conferred the imperial edict on Shizhong, Feihuang Yue and Dadu, who were in charge of the military affairs at home and abroad. Xiao Yi had a strong army in his hand, but he didn't actively serve the king to save his father and brother.

Jiangling

In 549, after learning that emperor Liang Wu had starved to death in Taicheng, he first sent troops to attack his nephew Xiao Yu, King Hedong, and his brother Xiao Lun, King Shaoling, and beat back Xiao Yu's younger brother Xiao Chen, governor of Wang Xiangyang in Yueyang, forcing him to take refuge in the Western Wei Dynasty. Later, he ordered Wang Seng to lead his troops to destroy Hou Jing. His eldest son Xiao Fang was killed in the battle with Xiao Yu, and his second son Xiao Fangzhu was captured and killed in the battle with Hou Jing. Xiao Yi's younger brother, Yizhou governor and Wuling King Xiao Ji, also intended to send troops to discuss Hou Jing. Xiao Yi wrote a letter to stop him, saying that "the people of Shu are brave, easy to move and difficult to be safe. My younger brother can fight against them, and I will be the thief." He also wrote a letter saying that "the land imitates sun and Liu, and they are at peace; they are deep in love with Lu and Wei, and they are always good at letters".

Inheriting the saints and inheriting the tradition

In 552, after Hou Jing died, Xiao Yi was located in Jiangling

Liang Shizu

. At that time, Qun Chen proposed to return to Jiankang, the old capital, but Xiao Yi did not agree. He also sent his subordinate Zhu Maichen to kill three brothers, Xiao Dong, the emperor abolished by Hou Jing, in Jiankang.

Attack and destroy Wuling

Before Xiao Yi became emperor, Xiao Ji had already been called emperor in Yizhou; Xiao Ji sent troops to attack Hou Jing, and when he learned that Hou Jing had been destroyed, he turned to attack Xiao Yi. Xiao Yi then sent troops to fight and wrote to make peace. At the same time, he also asked the Western Wei Dynasty to send troops to attack Yizhou. As a result, Xiao Ji suffered a heavy blow and asked Xiao Yi for peace. Xiao Yi wrote back and refused to say that his Brotherhood was broken. In the end, Xiao Ji's forces were completely annihilated, but it also gave the Western Wei an opportunity to take advantage of it, and Yizhou fell to the enemy. Xiao Yi changed the surname of Xiao Ji's father and son from Taotie to Taotie, and starved Xiao Yuanzhao and Xiao Yuanzheng to death.

Jiangling fall

In 554, Xiao Yi wrote a letter to Yu Wentai, a powerful minister of the Western Wei Dynasty, demanding to redraw the border according to the old plan. Yu Wentai was discontented and ordered General Yu Jin of Changshan, General Yang Zhong and general Yu Wenhu to attack Jiangling (now Jiangling County, Hubei Province) with 50000 troops. When Emperor Liang Yuan was defeated in the war, Wang Xiaosi, the censor of Zhongcheng, wrote the letter of surrender. Then he led the prince and others to surrender in the barracks of the Western Wei Dynasty. Soon after, for Xiao Chen's suffocation with earth bags, Jiangling "the whole city of old and young were taken into the pass.".

A talented Emperor

Emperor Liang Yuan was also a monarch who loved reading and literature. "He was 46 years old. He had collected 80000 volumes of books since he had collected books for 40 years." he claimed to be "a good scholar, but a poor warrior." When Jiangling was besieged, in December of the third year of Chengsheng (January 27, 555), the Yuan emperor entered the bamboo Hall of Dongge and ordered Gao Shanbao to set fire to 140000 volumes of books, including 80000 volumes of books transferred from Jiankang to Jiangling to avoid the disaster of war, claiming that "the way of culture and martial arts is done tonight!" Burning books in Jiangling is regarded as one of the cultural catastrophes in China.

Main achievements

Xiao Yi, a brilliant writer of Jin Lou Zi, has a place in the history of Chinese literature. Because he was suspicious of Xiao Chen (Xiao Yi's nephew, the son of Xiao Tong, the prince of Zhaoming, the author of Wenxuan), the king of Yueyang, and intended to destroy him (the son of ancient Chinese emperors usually granted such and such a king, such as Xiao Yi, who was granted the Title of king of eastern Hunan, that is, the king of eastern Hunan before he ascended the throne), he lost Xiangyang If Xiangyang is lost, Jiangling will soon perish. When Xiao Ji (Xiao Yi's younger brother), the king of Wuling, was proclaimed emperor in Chengdu, Emperor Liang Yuandi asked the Western Wei Dynasty to attack Xiao Ji, so Chengdu was annexed by the Western Wei Dynasty, so the destruction of Jiangling was inevitable (sending troops from Sichuan to destroy Jiangling only needs to go downstream, which is very easy. There is a poem by Li Bai, saying that emperor Bai's imperial court bid farewell to Emperor Bai in Caiyun, and Jiangling is still thousands of miles away in a day). The loss of territory in Liang Dynasty was not caused by Yuwen family in Northern Zhou Dynasty, but by self destruction. Sichuan was lost, Jiangling fell, Xiangyang was annexed by the Northern Zhou Dynasty, and Jiangnan could still be preserved for decades (the last dynasty of the Southern Dynasty: Chen Dynasty was unified by Sui Dynasty in 589, 35 years after Jiangling fell in 554). This is because the Western Wei Dynasty (Northern Zhou Dynasty) also had one of the biggest enemies: the Northern Qi Dynasty had not been eliminated, and the power of Guanzhong was not stable enough, so it was able to survive. It was not the fault of Wuling king and Yueyang king that the internal discord of Nanliang led to the rout. In the process of sending troops to attack Hou Jing, a traitor of the imperial court, Emperor Liang Yuan killed his younger brother, Wang Xiaozhen of Guiyang, and his nephew, Xiao Yu, because of suspicion. He attacked his elder brother, Xiao Lun, and killed his grandson, Xiao Dong. He sent his son, Xiao Yuanzhao, to help Xiao Yi, but Xiao Yi stopped him in Baidi city. Another nephew, Xiao Yuanzheng, led his subordinates to accept his deployment, but he imprisoned him in Yueyang. Xiao Yi abandons Hou Jing, his biggest enemy, but injures his brother's flesh and blood.

Xiao Yi is also one of the emperors who perished. He should have enjoyed a higher status among the emperors who perished. At least his popularity in history is a little weaker than what he did in his whole life. Compared with the famous emperors such as emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty and the empress of the Southern Tang Dynasty, he is in a corner forgotten by history and is rarely known.

Xiao Yi is an extremely complicated figure. "A talented emperor, different from the outside" may be an inaccurate general comment on him. In the first 40 years of his life, as a prince, he stayed in the high wall of the Chinese house. Apart from reading books, writing poems and painting, he did not leave too many traces in history books. However, at the end of his life, he took advantage of the opportunity of "Hou Jing rebellion" to step onto the stage of history and become emperor, but he made many actions criticized by later generations.

In the chaos of Hou Jing, he had the strength to sit and watch the country's calamity, ignored it, and concealed his selfishness. First of all, he deliberately indulged Hou Jing in the chaos, resulting in his father Liang Wudi being forced to die by Hou Jing. During this period, all his brothers and nephews who threatened him to become emperor were eliminated, and all potential competitors including his father were basically eliminated before he sent troops to Qin Wang. He studied hard all his life. He collected 140000 volumes of rare books in ancient times for more than 40 years. After he ascended the throne, he once again had conflicts with the Western Wei Dynasty in the north and attracted strong enemies. In addition to his failure, he ordered people to burn all the 140000 volumes of books, saying "too much reading", which triggered the biggest cultural destruction event in Chinese history after Qin Shihuang's "burning books and burying scholars", and became the eternal sinner of great damage to Chinese civilization.

Character evaluation

He Zhiyuan of Chen Dynasty: "Shizu is very clever and skillful. He has both talent and beauty. His poems are very beautiful. He is a rare match. He does everything he can. He is very good at astrology. He is good at writing in horse room. He is not ashamed of Zheng Xuan. He distinguishes between clouds and things in Lu and Tai. He is not ashamed of being cautious. As for the strategy of curtain arrangement, he was pushed by the government and the public. So he brought order out of chaos, conquered evil and rebellious. He was no longer able in new Diwei, and he was able to support Tianzhu The grace of saving drowning, the benefit of benevolence and longevity, the power of micro management, and the military strength of the people? The whale salamander should have been moved to the Western Chu state, to the eastern capital, to the earth, to the palace in the Qing Dynasty, to the failure of Yueyang in the Western Zhou Dynasty, to the harmony of Yuwen, and to the respect of Wancheng

Chinese PinYin : Xiao Yi