Ying Shao

Ying Shao

Ying Shao (about 153 ~ 196), named Zhongyuan, was born in Nantong County, Runan County (now Nantong town, Henan Province). He was the son of Yingfeng, a scholar and jurist in the Eastern Han Dynasty.

Concentrate on learning, read more. During the reign of Emperor Ling of the Han Dynasty, he started as a cavalry general (he Miao) and an official. In the second year of Zhongping (185), it was suggested to adopt the method of mutual market to govern border affairs. He was awarded the title of Taishan. In 191, he participated in the suppression of the Huangjin uprising. In the first year of Xingping (194), after the death of Cao song, the Taiwei, he defected to Yuan Shao, a herdsman in Jizhou.

In the early years of Jian'an, Han Yi, a law and order, was deleted and awarded to Jizhou junmou Xiaowei. He died of illness in Yecheng.

Life of the characters

The word "Ying Shao" is Zhongyuan. When I was young, I was eager to learn and learned a lot. During the reign of Emperor Ling, he was called to be the official of general he Miao. In 185, Hanyang bandit bianzhang, Han Sui and qianghu became border bandits and invaded Sanfu in the East. At that time, the imperial court sent the cavalry general huangfusong to attack them in the West. Song asked to mobilize 3000 people of Wuhuan nationality to cooperate in the battle. Zou Jing, the Marquis of the northern army, wrote: "the forces of Wuhuan are weak, so we should recruit Xianbei people to help." When he went to HuiFu to discuss the matter, General Han Zhuo proposed: "Wuhuan has few soldiers, but he and Xianbei have been enemies for generations. If Wuhuan is transferred, Xianbei will certainly attack his family. When Wu Huan heard about it, he would abandon his army and go back to rescue. It's not only not good for the actual situation, but also more frustrating for the three armed forces. Zou Jing lives near the border and knows their deception. If you let Zou Jing recruit 5000 Xianbei soldiers, it will certainly have the effect of breaking the enemy. " Ying Shao retorted: "Xianbei is separated from Mobei, and is a group of dogs and sheep. There is no commander-in-chief, there is no house, but the nature of corruption and tyranny, do not speak of faith. Therefore, there is no peaceful time to invade the frontier fortress several times. It's only when we're in the market that we're in the market. They only want China's treasures, but they are not afraid of prestige. If we get enough, we'll do harm. Therefore, it is for this reason that the state allows Xianbei to go out but not to enter. In the past, the Xiongnu rebelled. Ma Xu, the general of Du Liao, and Wang Yuan, the commander of Wu Huan, mobilized more than 5000 cavalry troops from Xianbei. Zhao Chong, the commander of Wu Wei, also led Xianbei to fight against the rebellious Qiang. It is not enough to capture the leader of Hu people, but Xianbei is more and more illegal. If they are punished by military orders, they will be angry and rebellious; if they are controlled slowly, they will be plundered and maimed. Robbing residents, robbing businesses, eating people, cattle and sheep, robbing people, soldiers and horses. He won't leave, but he wants to buy some iron. Bian Jiang didn't listen, so he gathered silk and burned it. Bian Jiang was afraid, afraid of his rebellion, and refused to disobey Fushun. Now the bandits have not been eliminated, and the Qiang people are doing great harm. If you regret it, will it be too late? Chen Yu thought that he could recruit Hu Shoushan, the Qiang Nationality in Longxi, who was not rebellious. He chose the capable and brave and rewarded them more. Taishou Li Shen is quiet and resourceful. He will be rewarded for his death. We should think of a strategy of gradual elimination instead of hasty extravagance. " Han Zhuo argued with Ying Shao again and again. So the imperial court summoned all the officials to the court and agreed with Ying Shao. In the third year, Ying Shao was promoted to a higher position and was promoted again. In the sixth year, he paid homage to the Taishan prefect. In 191, 300000 people including Huang Jin entered the county boundary. Ying Shaojiu led the civil and military forces to fight against the bandits continuously. He beheaded thousands of people before and after, and captured more than 10000 old and weak people and 2000 liang of baggage. The bandits retreated and the county was peaceful. In the first year of Xingping (194), former Taiwei Cao song and his son Cao de entered Taishan from Langya. Ying Shao sent troops to meet him, but they didn't arrive. However, Xuzhou Mu Tao Qian always resented Cao song's son, Cao Cao, for several attacks, so he made Qingqi chase Cao song and his son, and killed them in the county. Ying Shao was afraid that Cao Cao would kill him, so he gave up the county and rushed to Jizhou to herd Yuan Shao. At first, when Emperor an asked yin Ci, Shi Yudu, a native of Yingchuan, who had committed homicide, should be executed. Yin Chu, the elder brother of yin Ci, and Shi Yu's mother's army went to the official Cao to beg for his life. They were hanged to death. Chen Zhong, the book of history, thinks that the crime should be dealt with lightly, and suggests Yi Zou yin Ci and Shi Yu. Ying Shao later refuted it, according to the code of punishment, there are viable. His opinion says: "the book of history says:" the rank of heaven is courteous, and five services and five chapters. "If heaven punishes the guilty, five punishments and five uses." Sun Qing also said, "the root of punishment is to ban violence and punish the end. All ranks, ranks, rewards, celebrations and punishments are based on the same category If virtue is not in accordance with position, can not be commensurate with the official, reward is not to reward the meritorious person, and punishment is not to punish the guilty person, then there is no greater danger. The death penalty for homicide and the sentence for wounding are the system established by the kings of the hundred dynasties. There are laws to be found out. When Gaozu entered the pass, although there were three regulations, the death penalty of homicide was not lenient. The punishment is heavy in time and light in disorder. It is said in the book of songs that the punishment is sometimes light and sometimes heavy. This time, Shi Yu released her private regrets and relied on her soldiers to be patient. The grace of the court lies in leniency. Fortunately, in the winter prison, Chu and Jun were foolish and killed. Once upon a time, it was difficult for Zhao Hu to correct his son's death, but Confucius said, "if you hang yourself and die in a ditch, others don't know." The father of the Chao clan was not wrongly engraved, so he could have his own fate. Ban Gu also said, "it's better for Zhao Kuo's mother to complete his clan." The biography says, "it's not that I can show my courage and care for my concubine's death because of my emotion." The penalty is a prison. It is used to kill like the glory of heaven; it is used to imitate the reproduction and growth of heaven. Therefore, a withered grass in spring is a disaster. In autumn, a tree blossoms. Now, killing the innocent Chu and Jun, and saving the damned Ci and Yu, is not it common? Chen Zhong didn't know the origin of punishment, but believed in the benevolence of the time, so he widely cited the eight Han Dynasty for survival. If you are a good friend and a good friend, you should be diligent and diligent? It must be said that if it's not a small prison, it can be said that it's a big prison instead of a big prison. I'm sorry that I've lost the law and disrupted the government. " Ying Shao wrote 30 refutations, all of which are of this kind. Ying Shao also deleted the Han Yi, which was written in 196 of the first year of Jian'an. He said: "nothing is more important than carrying a book. The purpose of carrying records is to solve the suspicion, clarify the right and wrong, and appropriately reward and punish, so that future generations can learn from it. Therefore, after Dong Zhongshu, the Prime Minister of Jiaoxi, resigned because of his old illness, the imperial court sent Tingwei Zhang Tang to the alley where he lived several times to ask about his gains and losses. So he wrote down 232 things in the spring and Autumn Annals, which were very detailed. Dong Zhuo, a rebellious minister, subverted the royal family and burned books. There is nothing left. Since the beginning of the world, there has been no more cruel than this. Today's expedition to the East, inspection Xudu, out of danger, its life is only new. He wrote two hundred and fifty chapters, including the chapters and sentences of the law, the old stories of the Shang Shu, the Banling of the Tingwei, the proportion of the decision, the stu Dumu, the imperial edict of the five CAOS, and the sentence of the spring and Autumn period. Delete the repetition and make it concise. He also collected 30 refutations and classified them into 82 matters. There are 25 places in the book of Han, and four places in the book of Han have been deleted and polished to complete the noumenon. There are 26 places, which are rich in ancient and Modern Li Wei scholars. The articles are brilliant, and the morality and righteousness are also considerable. Twenty seven of them were created by ministers. We can't say that we must be sincere. We can only express ourselves by talking. Once upon a time, Zheng people sold dried rats as jade to Zhou people, and the Yufu of Song Dynasty also used Yan stone as treasure to raise ten stones. People who see it laugh with their mouths closed. Most of the civilized people are like this. In Zuo Shi, it is said that although there are concubines in a big country, they don't abandon the humble. They are probably used to replace scarcity. Therefore, he dares to show his stubborn talents and attaches them to Mingzhe. Although it's not enough for the national system, it's not enough for xuanqiaoshiyong. I hope your majesty can read it freely in his spare time Han Xiandi thought it was very good. In 197, he ordered Shao to be the commander of Yuan Shaojun. At this time, the capital of Xuchang was just moved, and the old chapter did not exist, and there were few secretaries. Ying Shao sighed with emotion, so he sorted out what he heard and wrote the story of official etiquette in the Han Dynasty. Most of the imperial court systems and official canons were established by Ying Shao. At first, when Shao's father was appointed as a Si Li, he went down to all the prefectures and prefectures, and each of them came forward to praise him. Ying Shao combined his name and recorded it as Zhuangren Ji. On the other hand, he wrote a preface to the collection of Chinese and Han Dynasties. In order to distinguish the names of objects and explain the suspicion of the times and customs, he wrote the book "Customs General". Although the writing is not a model, it has been widely seen and heard by later generations. All the works are 136. He also collected and interpreted the book of Han, which was handed down at that time. Later he died in Ye. The younger brother's sons, Ying Yu and Ying Yu, are both famous for their literary talents. In the early years of Zhongxing, there was a young woman who gave birth to four sons and was widowed. When you see shenguangzhao society and try to explore it, you get gold. From then on, all the scholars had talent and fame, and they were well-known in the seven dynasties.

Anecdotes and allusions

Ying Shao is a jurist and scholar. When he looked at the files of Emperor Han an (107-125), he found that yin Ci from Hejian and Shi Yu from Yingchuan should be executed because of sitting and killing. Yin Ci's brother Yin Chu and Shi Yu's mother asked the government to die instead. Chen Zhong, the Minister of justice, was suspicious of the case and was relieved. Ying Shao later pursued and refuted the correct model according to the law, wrote 30 refutations, and formulated laws and decrees as the rites of the Han Dynasty. In the 190th year of Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty, Ying Shao was the commander of Yuan Shaojun. When Xiandi moved his capital to Xuchang, because of the chaos of war, the old chapter was obliterated, and the secretaries were rare, so Shao was deeply sighed. So he collected what he saw and heard, and wrote "Han Guan Yi Li", "Lv Lue", "Chun Qiu Duan Yu" and so on. All the court system and hundred official classics were also established by yingshao. At the beginning, when his father should be regarded as Sili, he ordered the government to select and report the predecessors' Xiang Zan, and Ying Shao linked his name list as the Zhuangren Ji. He also talked about his actions at that time. He wrote the preface to the collection of Chinese and Han Dynasties and the general meaning of Customs in order to distinguish the names of things and explain the suspicion of customs. Although his works are not classical, later generations are full of knowledge. All the hundred and thirty-six works and Jijie Yinyi of Hanshu were handed down to later generations, and later died in Anyang mansion.

Relative members

Ziyu and Zhui are both famous for their literary talent, and they are well-known in the seven generations

Chinese PinYin : Ying Shao