Li Changzhi

Li Changzhi

Li Changzhi (1910-1978), formerly known as Li Changzhi and Li Changzhi, has pen names of He Feng, Fang Ling, Ling Zhen, Zhang Zhi and Liang Zhi. He is from zhuangke village, Lijin County, Dongying City, Shandong Province. Born in a scholarly family on October 30, 1910, graduated from Tsinghua University. He studied with famous philosophers Zhang Dongsun, Jin Yuelin and Feng Youlan. He is a famous modern Chinese writer, literary critic and literary historian. Important works include Li Bai, a Taoist poet, and his pain, Sima Qian's personality and style, welcoming China's Renaissance, collection of bitter fog, collection of dream rain, etc. Since the founding of the people's Republic of China, he has been a professor of Beijing Normal University, and has written biographies of Tao Yuanming, a brief history of Chinese literature, Li Bai, etc.

Life of the characters

In 1929, he entered Peking University and published his prose works. Sun Yat Sen as I know is his early work. He was admitted to the Department of biology of Tsinghua University in 1931 and transferred to the Department of philosophy two years later. He also participated in the editorial board of literature quarterly. After 1934, he edited or founded literature column of Tsinghua weekly, bimonthly magazine of literature review and supplement of Yishi daily. Before the publication of the first poetry anthology "Banquet", he began to write theoretical criticism. In 1936, Lu Xun's criticism was published, which had an impact. He graduated from Tsinghua University in that year, so he stayed to teach. After that, he successively held the teaching posts of Jinghua Academy of fine arts, Yunnan University and Chongqing Central University. He was a researcher of the Ministry of education in 1940. In 1944, he edited the supplement of time and tide. In 1945, he was the editor of the National Library of translation and translation. The victory of the Anti Japanese War moved from Beibei, Chongqing, to Nanjing with the compilation and Translation Center, and edited the supplement of peace daily. In October 1946, he went to Beijing Normal University as an associate professor and participated in the editorial work of the times and the world daily. At that time, he was mainly engaged in the study of classical literature and the criticism of culture and art.

He moved to Jinan with his family when he was two years old. His father, Li Zepei, was a scholar in the late Qing Dynasty. His mother graduated from the provincial women's normal school and loved art. As a child, Li Changzhi went to school with his father in Jinan. He successively studied in the primary school affiliated to Jinan First Normal University, Shandong provincial first middle school and Shandong Liaocheng Normal University. Li Changzhi received a new education when he was a child. In early 1919, he entered the primary school affiliated to the provincial first normal school. Learn to write poetry and prose in vernacular. After the May 4th patriotic movement, he took part in the "national salvation group of ten" and went to the drugstore to inspect Japanese goods. From the age of 12

Prose, respectively published in "children's world", "Youth" and "children" and other magazines.

After graduating from high school in 1929, he was admitted to the first Department of Peking University. During his study in Peking University, he was the "Eve" of the supplement of Beijing Yishi Bao. He also published an article entitled "the person I know Dr. Sun Yat Sen" in the free review, praising Dr. Sun Yat Sen's personality and his democratic revolutionary spirit.

In the autumn of 1931, he was admitted to the Department of biology of Tsinghua University and later transferred to the Department of philosophy. He studied with famous philosophers Zhang Dongsun, Jin Yuelin and Feng Youlan. After the September 18th Incident, he joined a petition delegation from Tsinghua University and went to Nanjing to ask Chiang Kai Shek to resist Japan. From 1933 to 1936, he was the editorial board member of literature quarterly, the chief editor of literature column of Tsinghua weekly, and the deputy chief editor of Tianjin Yishi daily. During this period, the first poetry anthology "Banquet" was published, and literary criticism monograph "criticism of Lu Xun" and other articles were published.

From 1936 to 1948, he successively served as an overseas Chinese student of Tsinghua University, a tutor of Mongolian and Tibetan students, a professor of Jinghua Academy of fine arts, a teaching assistant of Chongqing Central University, a lecturer and associate professor of Chinese Literature Department of Central University, and a professor of Beijing Normal University. He has edited time and tide, Heping daily and Beiping times supplements. His published works include more than 20 important works and translations, such as the collection of bitter fog, the history and science of literature and art, and the personality and style of Sima Qian.

In April 1949, Li Changzhi joined the New Democratic Cultural Construction Association. The next year, he studied in the Institute of literature and politics of North China People's revolutionary University. Later, he was a member of the Chinese Writers Association and the leader of the literary theory group of the Beijing Federation of literary and art circles.

In 1951, he went to Sichuan to participate in the land reform and served as the deputy head of the southwest land reform working group. In 1956, he published many works, such as long Bo Guo, Li Bai, and a brief history of Chinese literature.

In 1957, it was wrongly classified as "bourgeois Rightists". In the "Cultural Revolution", he was persecuted as a "reactionary academic authority of the Bourgeoisie". However, Li Changzhi still devoted himself to teaching and academic research, and actively participated in the annotation of a dream of Red Mansions and the revision of Xinhua dictionary.

Li Changzhi is not only well-known in the Chinese literary world, but also influential in the International Sinology circle. His works, such as the personality and style of Sima Qian, the story of Confucius and the biography of Tao Yuanming, have been translated into Japanese. His entries are included in the dictionary of Chinese new literature published by Hechu publishing house and the world literature dictionary published by Tokyo hall.

In his later years, Li Changzhi was disabled and sick, and still actively engaged in academic research and writing. He died in Beijing on December 13, 1978 at the age of 68.

Main works

Evening banquet (poetry anthology), 1934, Peking literary criticism society

Critique of Lu Xun (review) 1936, Beixin

The rise and fall of Poland, 1940, independent press

The Taoist poet Li Bai and his pain (review) 1941, business

History of western philosophy, 1941, central

Spirit of criticism (Literary Theory) 1942, Nanfang publishing house

Collection of bitter fog, 1942, business

Ode to the stars, 1942, independent press

Han Yu (review) 1944, Shengli publishing house

Nordic literature, 1944, business

I teach you to read, 1944, Wenfeng Publishing House

Mengyu collection (collection of comments, essays, etc.) 1945, business

Wen Shi Tong Yi Chu Cun (Wen Lun) 1945, culture publishing house

Welcome China's Renaissance (review) 1946, business

Chinese painting theory system and its criticism (Literary Theory) 1946, independent press

Sima Qian's personality and style (review) 1948, enlightened

Li Bai (Theory) 1951, Sanlian

Little bodhisattva of marble (Fairy Tales) 1951, culture supply society

Longbo country (Fairy Tales) 1951, culture supply society

On the biography of Tao Yuanming, 1953, Tangdi society

A brief history of Chinese Literature (volume 1-3), 1954-1955, 1950s press

Sima Qian (review) 1956, popular reading material

Trial translation of the book of songs, 1956, Shanghai classical literature press

The story of Confucius, 1956, Shanghai people

Li Bai, a Taoist poet, and his pain, Tianjin People's publishing house, October 2015

Sima Qian's personality and style, Tianjin People's publishing house, October 2015

On the biography of Tao Yuanming, Tianjin People's publishing house, October 2015

Translation bibliography

German classical spirit, 1943, Oriental publishing house

The history and science of literature and art, written by malhoz, 1943, business

Goethe's fairy tales, 1945, Oriental Publishing House

The robber and the humanities, 1956

Anecdotes of characters

Li Changzhi was condemned all his life for Lu Xun's criticism

Li Changzhi, originally named Li Changzhi, was born in Lijin County, Shandong Province. He graduated from the Department of philosophy of Tsinghua University and taught in Central University and Beijing Normal University. He is a famous poet, translator and scholar. He has deep attainments in the field of literary criticism and classical literature research.

In 1935, Li Changzhi edited the supplement of Yishi Bao, and his critique of Lu Xun was published in the supplement. By early September 1935, he had finished the book. With the strong support of Zhao Jingshen, the book was published in Beixin publishing house.

Criticism of Lu Xun is the first systematic monograph in the history of Lu Xun studies, which has a great influence in the academic circles.

The publication of Li Changzhi's monograph has received great support and help from Lu Xun. Lu Xun has personally read Li Changzhi's manuscripts and revised the time of his works. In addition, Lu Xun presented him with a photo, which was printed on the paper. Lu Xun's criticism was written in 1935 and published in January 1936. Less than a year later, Lu Xun died.

The publishing process of the book is as follows:

After Beixin accepted the manuscript, Li Changzhi wrote to Lu Xun for the photo. After Lu Xun received the letter, he did not hesitate to take off a standard image from his photo album, sent it and wrote a reply. After receiving Lu Xun's letter and photo, Li Changzhi felt very precious, so he told Zhao Jingshen to put Lu Xun's photo on the top left of the cover according to the original size, reprint it with an insert and put it at the beginning of the volume. He also sent the original handwriting on the first page of Lu Xun's letter, and let it be put behind the insert after making a zinc plate. Zhao Jingshen complied with his demands one by one. In the catalogue of the first edition of the book, there are the words "a recent picture of Mr. Lu Xun" and "Mr. Lu Xun's handwriting". However, Li Xiaofeng, the boss of Beixin book company, considered that the book was not easy to sell and would lose money, so he tried to save the cost. The printed "Lu Xun criticism" omitted the photo inserts and handwriting that should be printed on heavy coated paper, and only the cover was what Li Changzhi required.

After the first edition of Lu Xun's criticism was published, it was sold out in less than half a year. Li Xiaofeng didn't expect this.

In June 1936, the second edition of Lu Xun's criticism was published, but Li Changzhi was not approved by the publishing house. Li Changzhi knew it when he saw it on the shelves of the Hong Kong bookstore a year later. Therefore, he began to complain in the relevant articles, denouncing "the harm inflicted by the bookstore owner"; "the first edition is not printed in Shandong"

Chinese PinYin : Li Zhang Zhi