Jia Zhifang

Jia Zhifang

Jia Zhifang (1915-2008), a famous writer, translator and scholar, is an important writer of "July School" and one of the founders of comparative literature. He studied in Tokyo University, Japan, and in his early years he was mainly engaged in literary creation and translation. He was the editor in chief of current affairs news and literary weekly Qingguang. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, he successively served as the director of Chinese Department, professor and librarian of Fudan University, the first vice president of China Comparative Literature Society, and the first president of Shanghai comparative literature research society. Specialized in modern Chinese literature and comparative literature. He is the author of modern Chinese economy and society, selected novels by Jia Zhifang, the influence of foreign thoughts and theories on Modern Chinese literature, and translated into Russian Studies. He died in Shanghai First People's Hospital at 6:45 p.m. on April 24, 2008. He was 92 years old.

Life of the characters

Jia Zhifang was born in Xiangfen, Shanxi Province on September 29, 1916. In July 1929, he was admitted to private Chengcheng middle school in Taiyuan. Two years later, he began to try to write and published his first short story diary of a soldier in Taiyuan Evening News under the pseudonym "Leng Hun". In September 1932, he was admitted to Chongshi Middle School of Peking missionary school and continued to write. Two years later, he published novels and essays in Peking daily literary weekly Feihong, Tianjin Ta Kung Pao · small park, Shanghai Shen Bao · free talk and other newspapers. In January 1936, Jia Zhifang was arrested as a "suspect of the Communist Party" by the Peking police station for participating in the "12.9" student movement. In March, he was released on bail by his uncle. In May, he was arranged to study in Japan and study Japanese at Tokyo East Asia preparatory college. In September, he was admitted to the Economics Department of Japan University and soon transferred to the social science department Work. In 1937, he published the novel human sorrow from a memory in the work and study series published by Shanghai life bookstore. In June, he received a letter from Hu Feng, the magazine and its editor, and began to communicate with each other. In 1937, the "July 7th incident" of Japanese aggression against China broke out. Jia Zhifang returned to China in September and entered the "special training class for students studying in Japan" of the central political school in Nanjing in December. Half a year later, he graduated and was sent to the front line of the anti Japanese war in the Zhongtiaoshan war zone in the southwest of the mountain, where he served as the Japanese affairs officer of the captain of the Political Department of the seventh division of the third army of the army. In July 1938, he published a one act play in memory of his deceased wife in July, 1938. In August, he served as the special commissioner and special writer of the northwest war field of "July society".

In November 1939, he took up the post of "Mopan Bao", a military organ of the Kuomintang government in Chongqing. In March 1940, he was transferred to the Shanxi news inspection office of the wartime news Inspection Bureau of the Military Commission of Qiulin Town, Yichuan County, Shaanxi Province as the deputy director of the lieutenant colonel. In March of this year, he was transferred to the Shaanxi news inspection office, and resigned because of suspicion, specializing in writing. In October 1942, he was admitted to the third regiment of the independent engineers of the national army. He was a major Japanese translator and married Ren Min in November. In April 1944, he resigned because he was suspected. In December, he went to Xuzhou to serve as a counsellor of the Wang puppet Huaihai provincial government and secretly engaged in Anti Japanese rebellion. He was arrested in May of the next year and released after Japan surrendered three months later. In September of the same year, he was invited to take part in the advance work of the reception as the liaison group leader of the colonel of the International Studies Institute of the Kuomintang military commission and the director of the Xuzhou branch. One month later, he was cut off because he gave the weapons in the receiving warehouse to the New Fourth Army. Later, he started a small business selling pigments in order to make a living. At the same time, he continued to write and kept correspondence with Hu Feng. In June 1946, he went to Shanghai with his wife Ren Min to live in Hu Feng's family. Since then, he has been writing and publishing political essays in Ta Kung Pao, Wen Wei Po, Lianhe evening news, time daily and other newspapers. He also assisted Hu Feng in editing hope magazine and July Wen Cong. In November, he was invited to edit Qingguang, a literary weekly of current affairs news, In February of the next year, due to the pressure of political situation, it was forced to stop publication. In September 1947, he was arrested for publishing an article in the student news of the underground student union, and was released on bail by his classmates studying in Japan one year later.

In August 1949, Jia Zhifang joined the all China Writers' Association (the predecessor of the Chinese writers' Association), published his treatise on Modern China's economy and society in September, the collection of novellas human evidence in October, and the translation of the growth and development of people's democracy in April the following year. In October 1950, he worked as a part-time professor in the Chinese Department of Sinian University. In March of the next year, he was employed as a full-time professor. In July, he published the translation of "Chekhov's dramatic art" by baluhati of the Soviet Union, and in November, he published the translation of "housing problem" by Engels. In December 1951, he was listed in the list of the first batch of Shanghai higher education circles to participate in "ideological transformation" and studied in the Institute of political science of East China People's revolutionary University in Suzhou for three months. In March 1952, he was employed as the director of the Chinese Department of Sinian University; in August of the same year, the departments of colleges and universities across the country were adjusted and transferred to be the professor of the Chinese Department of Fudan University and the director of the teaching and research section of modern literature. From 1953 to 1954, he successively published the Czech Republic Kishi's on reportage, Chekhov's notes, the Soviet Union's baluhati's Chekhov's dramatic art, and the Soviet Union's sherbina's Russian literature studies.

On May 15, 1955, Jia Zhifang was called to Shanghai Higher Education Bureau to explain his relationship with Hu Feng. He still insisted that they were friends who had lived together in adversity and defended Hu Feng. Then he was arrested and put into a single cell in the third detention center of Shanghai Public Security Bureau. His home was copied. Two days later, his wife Ren Min was detained in Shanghai Nansha prison. On the same day, Hu Feng and his wife were arrested and copied. In early June, Jia Zhifang was expelled from the Chinese Writers Association. In September of the same year, his wife Ren Min was released. In the spring of 1959, she was transferred to the semi pastoral area of Hualong Hui Autonomous Prefecture as a primary school teacher. In December, she was put into the detention house of the local public security bureau. In March 1963, she was released from prison and sent to work in the agricultural and animal husbandry machinery factory of the reform through labor farm of Qinghai Hui Autonomous Prefecture.

On March 30, 1966, Jia Zhifang, as a "backbone member of Hu Feng's counter revolutionary group", was sentenced to 12 years' imprisonment for counter revolutionary crime. On April 9, he was released more than one year ahead of schedule, but he was remanded to Fudan University, where he received "supervised labor" at the printing factory and received 30 yuan of living expenses per month. After the outbreak of the "Cultural Revolution" in June, he was criticized, insulted and beaten as a "counter revolutionary"; in September, his wife was arrested He will be visiting relatives for the first time and have been together for more than ten days. In July 1974, Jia Zhifang transferred from the school printing factory to the campus dormitory construction site for "Labor Transformation", and in January of the next year, his living expenses increased to 65 yuan per month

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Five yuan.

In September 1978, Jia Zhifang was announced to take off the "counter revolutionary" hat and return to work in the reference room of the Chinese department. In December, his wife Ren Min was transferred back to Shanghai. In August 1980, he was reexamined by the Hualong court in Qinghai Province and found "not guilty". In December of the same year, Jia Zhifang was reexamined by the Shanghai Intermediate People's court and found "not guilty". In January 1981, Jia Zhifang was informed to resume the title of Professor, and then he was appointed as the editorial board member of the research materials series of modern Chinese literature of the Institute of literature of the Chinese Academy of social sciences. Next month, he officially resumed the teaching work of the teaching and research group of modern Chinese literature of the Chinese department. In June and July, he edited the first volume of Zhao Shuli's monograph and Ba Jin's monograph of the research materials series of contemporary Chinese literature Published in December, it was restored to the membership of China Writers Association. In 1983, he also served as the librarian of Fudan University and published Selected Novels by Jia Zhifang. In July 1984, he participated in the fourth meeting of Shanghai Branch of China Writers Association and was elected as a director. In September, he edited Ba Jin's writing career and published it. In 1985, he edited the materials of Literature Research Association (three volume edition) and the collection of Ba Jin's works. In August 1987, he retired from Fudan University and was still employed as a graduate tutor. In 1989, he edited and published two volumes of schools of modern Chinese literature societies. In February 1990, the main trend of modern Chinese literature was published. In April 1995, he attended the founding meeting of Shanghai popular literature and Art Research Association and was elected president. In September 1999, flower and bird, a collection of prose works, was published as the prose classics of famous Chinese writers in the 20th century. In March 2000, thawing season, CO authored with his wife Ren Min, was published. Jia Zhifang's works also include the postrobbery Archives: Jia Zhifang's prefaces and postscripts (1991), miscellaneous brush in twilight years (1997), insect carving acrobatics (1998), the back of history: Jia Zhifang's selected works (1998), writing to students (2000), inside and outside prison: a life file of a "Hu Feng element" (2001), Jia Zhifang's letters to Hu Feng (2001), and Four volumes of Jia Zhifang's Anthology (2001), etc.

On April 25, 2008, Jia Zhifang died in Shanghai at the age of 92.

Anecdotes of characters

Four go to jail

Jia Zhifang once said: "I feel that since I was born a man and a knowledgeable intellectual, my lifelong responsibility and pursuit is to write the word" human "more correctly." He himself wrote so well that his whole life seemed to be "like monk Tang in journey to the west, he was destined to experience the ninety-nine eighty-one difficulty". Qian gulong, a well-known scholar, said: "Jia Zhifang and I met in 1950. He is my friend and one of my most admired friends. In my opinion, he is an honest and funny person. There are not many such people. " Chen Sihe, his student and head of the Chinese department at Fudan University, said: "Mr. Jia has a great influence on us

Chinese PinYin : Jia Zhi Fang