liu changing

liu changing

Liu Chang (Zhang Xiang) Qing (718-790), the word Wenfang, ancestral home Xuancheng, home in Luoyang. During the Tang Dynasty, ministers, poets, and scholars were famous.

Tianbao years, Jinshi and. During the Zhide period, he was granted the censor of supervision and moved to Changzhou county. During the Dali period, he served as the judge of Jianghuai transportation, and he was demoted to muzhou Sima. He was demoted twice. In the Jianzhong period of emperor Dezong of Tang Dynasty, he was appointed governor of Suizhou and was known as Liu Suizhou.

He is good at poetry and five character, and calls himself "the great wall of five character". The famous work "the host of Furong mountain in the snow" has been selected as the textbook of Chinese full-time schools.

Life of the characters

Liu Changqing studied in Songshan when he was young. He became a scholar in 742-746. In 755 (the 14th year of Tianbao, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty), Liu Changqing may have just become a Jinshi, but before the announcement, the an Shi rebellion broke out. There is a little record in the new Tang poetry · Yiwenzhi. His poems are famous in Shangyuan and BAOYING. "New Tang poetry · biography of Qin system" says: "Qin system" and Liu Changqing are good friends, and they give poems to each other. Quan Deyu said: "Liu Changqing thought that the Great Wall was made up of five characters. He attacked it with partial teachers, though he was old and strong." The so-called five characters should refer to his modern style poetry. At that time or money (from), Lang, Liu, Li and said. But he said, "how can Li Jiayou and Lang Shiyuan be called the same as Yu?" It can be seen from Fan Yu's Yunxi Youyi that he is conceited and arrogant. Most of his poems are about cold and lonely places, and he is good at describing barren villages and watersheds. 】According to Mr. Fu xuancong, Liu Changqing died in the second to seventh year of emperor Dezong.

In 756, Emperor suzong of Tang Dynasty ascended the throne, and Liu Changqing was appointed as a county captain in Changzhou County of Suzhou. He was later falsely jailed and released with amnesty.

In the first month of 758 (the third year of the reign of emperor suzong of the Tang Dynasty), he took (acting for) the sea salt order.

In the spring of 760 (the first year of the Shang Yuan Dynasty), Liu Changqing was demoted to be the captain of Nanba (now Guangdong Dianbai). However, Liu Changqing did not actually serve in Nanba.

In the autumn of 761 (the second year of Shangyuan Dynasty), he was ordered to return to Suzhou to receive "re promotion" and lived in Jiangsu and Zhejiang. At this time, Jiangnan had just experienced the rebellion of Liu Zhan, and the prosperous and prosperous Wujun area became dilapidated and depressed.

After 770 (the fifth year of the reign of emperor Dali in the Tang Dynasty), successive transport envoys and judges knew that Huaixi and eyue were transferred to stay. Because of his strong character, he offended Wuyue observer Wu Zhongru, who was falsely accused of corruption and was demoted as Sima of muzhou (now Meicheng, Jiande, Zhejiang). During the period of muzhou, he had extensive contact with the poets who lived in Zhejiang at that time, such as huangfuran, Qinxi, Yanwei, zhangbayuan and so on.

In 781 (the second year of emperor Dezong of Tang Dynasty), he was appointed governor of Suizhou (now Suizhou, Hubei). It is called "Liu Suizhou" in the world.

In 784 (the first year of Xingyuan) and 785 (the first year of Zhenyuan), Li xilie, the governor of Huaixi, became king and fought fiercely with the army of Tang Dynasty in Hubei. Liu Changqing left Suizhou during this period.

After Liu Changqing left Suizhou, he lived in Jiangzhou, and later entered Huainan Festival. He died around 788.

Liu Changqing, also known as Liu Suizhou, was an official in Suizhou. Xuancheng (now Anhui) people, county Hejian (now Hebei). His ancestral home was Xuancheng, and He Jian was the governor. Later he moved to Luoyang. In the volume of jixuanji written by Yao he, Liu Changqing is a "Xuancheng man"; in the volume of Yuanhe Xingzuan written by Lin Bao in the middle Tang Dynasty, Liu Changqing is a "Xuanzhou man"; Liu Changqing is a "Suizhou governor" Lin Bao was earlier than Yao he, and his records are consistent, which dispels people's doubts. Liu zhenzhai wrote a collection of poems of the Tang Dynasty by Liu Zhenqing. However, in the new history of the Tang Dynasty, it is said that Liu Changqing was born in Hejian (now Hejian, Hebei Province), and in the biography of the talented scholars of the Tang Dynasty, it is said that Liu Changqing was born in Hejian, and Li Jilan's article in the same volume says that Liu Changqing had a serious disease in Hejian. Hejian probably refers to its Prefecture. When did the Changqing family move to Luoyang. When I visited Liu Ji, I knew that I was haunted by Luoyang's old career, and I had deep feelings, which could not be compared with those who lived in a short time. There are no biographies in Liu Changqing's "Old Tang Shu" and "New Tang Shu". Wen Yiduo thinks that he was born in 709 A.D., Fu xuancong thinks that he was born in 710 or 725 A.D., and there are other theories. In other words, Liu Changqing experienced four dynasties: Xuanzong, suzong, Daizong and Dezong.

Contribution Summary

sample reels

There are collections of Liu Changqing's works, which are called Liu Suizhou collection, 10 volumes of review of Tang poetry, and 11 volumes of revised Dictionary of Tang poetry. There are "four series" and "four preparation" which are popular in the world. There are Chu Zhongjun's notes on the chronology of Liu Changqing's poems and Yang Shiming's notes on the chronology of Liu Changqing's poems.

Poetry

There are five volumes of Liu Changqing's poems in Quan Tang Shi, two supplementary poems in Quan Tang Shi waibian and Quan Tang Shi Xushi.

Historical records

There is no special biography of Liu Changqing in the old and new books of the Tang Dynasty. Now, the deeds of Liu Changqing can be seen in the earlier documents, such as the new book of the Tang Dynasty · Yiwenzhi 4, the chronicle of Tang poetry Volume 26, and the biography of Tang Caizi Volume 2.

The ten volumes of Liu Changqing's collection are written in the style of study. Zhide supervised the censor, and took wailang, a member of the ancestral temple Department of the inspection school, as the transfer envoy and judge. He knew that the transfer envoys of e Yue in the west of Huaihe River were the observation envoys of e Yue. Wu Zhongru framed and demoted panzhou Nanba Wei. There will be a debate, in addition to muzhou Sima, eventually Suizhou governor.

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He took wailang, a member of the Jianxiao ancestral temple department, as the transfer envoy and judge. He knew that the transfer envoys of e-yue in Huainan were left behind and the observation envoys of e-yue. Wu Zhongru falsely played and demoted Nanba Wei of panzhou. He would argue that he was not only the Sima of muzhou, but also the governor of Suizhou. Poetry is the voice of Shangyuan and BAOYING. Huangfu said: "without Liu Changqing's words in the poem, Song Yu has been called a veteran; without Luo Binwang's words in the poem, Song Yu has been called a sinner." Its name is so important.

Article eight yuan in the same book: reward

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"Moon night" says: "the night is cool, the river is white, and the foil is rolled out of nanxuan. When the moon is over, Hong struggles far away, leaving the branches and leaves turning dark. A single rumor hears a beautiful song, and a slow step follows a clear speech. Xuanshi thinks about the front seat and worships the Lord's kindness. "

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Cloud: "poor home only good month, empty shame son you."

Article "Li Mu" in the same book: Li Mu,

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My son-in-law. The poem sent to Liu Yun: "when the clouds and mountains are endless everywhere, Tonglu looks to the South and turns uneven. The boat Man Mo daoxin'an is near, and it's too late to travel on the ripples. " Liu was in Xin'an County. Liu Dayun: "lonely boats visit each other from the end of the world, and the road to Yunshan is more credit. If you want to sweep the gate of firewood and welcome guests far away, moss and yellow leaves will fill the poor home. " Changqing sent Mu Shiyun: "plum blossoms at the ferry, springs in the mountains. Spring grass grows in Wucheng, and you are a guest of Yangzhou. " "The wild goose is still in the sky, and people go to the lake to turn."

With the book "Wei Yingwu" article: should be high and clean, where burning incense and sweeping the floor and sitting. Only considering the situation

liu changing

Qiu Dan, Qin and Jiao ran were invited to the toilet to sing with them.

Changqing, a writer, was born in Hejian. He lived less in Songshan mountain to study, and later moved to Poyang for the longest time. In the 21st year of Kaiyuan, Xu Zheng ranked first. In the middle of Zhide, he supervised the censor and took Wai Lang Chu, a member of the ancestral temple department, as a transit envoy and judge. He knew that Yuee in the west of Huaihe River was transferred to stay. Wu Zhongru made a false accusation and was not guilty of Gusu prison. For a long time, he demoted Nanba Wei in panzhou. There will be those who argue, the amount of the transfer of muzhou Sima. Finally Suizhou governor. Changqing was the most talented person in the Qing Dynasty. He was quite vulgar, rigid and disobedient to the authorities. Therefore, when he met with him, he was denounced, and he was wronged. The tone of the poem is elegant and smooth. Its self Fu, hurt but not complain, is enough to play elegant. Quan Deyu is known as the great wall of five words. Chang Qing tasted and said: "today's people call Shen, song, Wang and Du before, and then Qian Qian, Lang, Liu and Li. How can Li Jiayou and Lang Shiyuan and Yu be driven together? " Every poem does not mention the surname, but the book "Changqing" says that no one in the world knows its name. Baling Bijian has a different industry. This collection is handed down from generation to generation. Li Mu in Huainan has a talent of Qing Dynasty, and he is also the son-in-law of his father-in-law.

Evaluate impact

Dictionary of Chinese names of all ages: Liu Changqing is good at five character poems and calls himself "the great wall of five character poems".

Dictionary of Tang poetry. Revised Edition: Liu Changqing's age is similar to that of Du Fu. In his early years, he wrote poems, but he was famous as a poet after su and Dai. Qian Qi and Qian Liu are the main representatives of Dali poetry style. He devoted his whole life to the near body, especially to the five temperament, and called himself "the great wall of five words", which was promised by people at that time. Many sighs of life experience in the poem are also involved in the national economy and the people's livelihood. The purpose of his poems is long and meaningful, and the charm is mutual. Therefore, Fang Huiyun said, "Changqing's poems are thin but not bright. The viewer should taste them slowly." (volume 4-2 of yingkuiluzui) Fang Dongshu said: "most of the literary poems are created outside the image. If we only use this to seek it, then all the sentences will have endless aftertaste." (Zhaomei zhanyan, Volume 18) there are many comments on Changqing's poems in Tang Dynasty. For example, Gao Zhongwu said: "although Liu's poetry style is not novel, it can be decorated with chains. Most of the ten poems have already been written, with slightly the same meaning, especially in the falling sentences, and the sharp thinking is narrow. " (zhongxingjian gas gathering) later, the evaluation is getting higher and higher. Chen Yi once said: "Liu Changqing is the most popular poet, and he is the master of the scene." Wang Shizhen said: "the seven laws should be read by Wang Youcheng and Li Dongchuan. You should be familiar with Liu Wenfang's works. " (see ran Ting Ji Wen by he Shilin).

Zhongxingjianqiji: Changqing had officials, but he just broke the law. He was banished twice, and both of them took their own punishment. Although the style of the poem is not novel, it can be refined and decorated. Most of the poems are more than ten. The meaning is slightly the same, especially in the falling sentences, and the sharpness is narrow. For example, "the grass color and the lake green, the pine sound and the snow cold"; and "the sand gull startles the small officials, the lake color is high branch"; and "the drizzle wet clothes can't see, the idle flower falls to the ground to listen to silent". Cut and mend, Gus! It can be said that it is enough to "offend the wind and frost, and the whole world is benevolent"

Chinese PinYin : Liu Zhang Qing