Xu Jishen

Xu Jishen

Xu Jishen (1901-1931), Han nationality, was born in Lu'an City, Anhui Province. He was an outstanding general and strategist of the Red Army. He successively participated in the two eastern expeditions of Huangpu Military Academy, and successively served as the leader, battalion commander and chief of staff of yeting independent regiment of the workers' and peasants' Red Army. When he was the commander of the first army of the Chinese workers' and peasants' Red Army, member of the Hubei Henan Anhui Special Committee and commander of the 11th division of the Red Army, he won a series of victories in Shuangqiao town during the period of the Hubei Henan Anhui base area. In November 1931, he was falsely accused of "reformist", "third party" and "counter revolution" in the "white sparrow garden" campaign. He was killed at white sparrow garden in Guangshan, Henan Province, when he was 30 years old.

In 2009, Xu Jishen was rated as "100 heroes and models who made outstanding contributions to the founding of new China".

Life of the characters

Childhood

Xu Jishen was born in 1901 in Shiyan, Lu'an County, Anhui Province. Xu Jishen's name in the genealogy is Xu Shaozhou, whose baby name is Shuangxi. He is the eldest of the three brothers and sisters, and has a younger brother and a younger sister. Xu Jishen was smart and studious when he was young. He could recite poems when he was 4 years old. When he was 8 years old, he could recite most of the ancient poems in qianjiashi and 300 Tang poems skillfully. At the age of 9, Xu Jishen transferred from Bao Hongtao's school to Bao angqian's school and studied from his teacher Wang Fengwu. When he was 13 years old, Xu Jishen was transferred to Zhang fuzhai's school. He was good at fighting against injustice at school, and even the young people in the countryside were willing to make friends with him. From the age of 16, Xu Jishen began to study with the famous Confucian courtier Zhang. In 1919, Xu Jishen took part in the May 4th movement. In 1920, he went to Anqing and was admitted to the provincial first class a industrial school. Soon, he transferred to Anhui provincial first normal university.

Youth

In April 1921, Xu Jishen joined the Chinese Socialist Youth League. In June of the same year, he was elected member of the Standing Committee and director of the Liaison Department of Anhui student union, and participated in leading the patriotic student movement. In the autumn of 1922, Xu Jishen was elected as the Standing Committee member and liaison Minister of Anhui student union. He successively took part in and led a series of anti imperialist and anti feudal revolutionary movements, such as the Anqing "June 2" movement with Anhui Federation of students as the main body, clarifying the election of three members of Anhui Provincial Parliament, expelling Li Zhaozhen, governor of Ni department, expelling Luo Tong, county magistrate of Lu'an, and opposing Cao Kun's bribery in elections. In the autumn of 1923, Xu Jishen led thousands of students in Anqing, Anhui Province to beat provincial councillors who bribed for election. He was wanted and forced to flee to Shanghai to study in Shanghai University.

Revolutionary years

In the spring of 1924, Xu Jishen was recommended by Xue Zixiang and Yue Xiangru (both heads of the party Department of Shanghai University of the Kuomintang) to apply for the Huangpu Military Academy. In May 1924, Xu Jishen was admitted to the second team of the first phase of Huangpu Military Academy. He seriously studied military theories such as infantry code, tactics, weapons and topography, and made outstanding achievements in all subjects, which laid a solid foundation for him to become an outstanding militarist in the history of the Communist Party of China. In the same year, he was transferred to the Communist Party of China. Since 1925, Xu Jishen has been a member of the Standing Committee and liaison Minister of Anhui students' Federation, and an alternate Director of the branch of Huangpu Military Academy. He is the backbone of the young servicemen's Federation and one of the main leaders of the influential progressive organization "China young servicemen's Federation" at that time. After graduation, he served as platoon leader, deputy company leader and company leader of the sixth company of the third enlisted student team, major officer of the Party Representative Office of the seventh regiment of the third division of the first army of the National Revolutionary Army, leader of the student team, leader of the second squadron of the advanced training class of the Guangzhou national government, and acting party representative of the regiment, and participated in the first and second Eastern expeditions. In February and October 1925, Xu Jishen and a group of grassroots commanders of the Huangpu student army led their troops to fight hard in the two eastern expeditions to unify the Guangdong revolutionary base. They made great achievements in defeating the main forces of Chen Jiongming and other warlords and reversing the war situation. In the battle of Danshui, he was promoted to the party representative of the company. In the battle of Mianhu, he served as company commander for bravery. In October of the same year, he was transferred to the post of major secretary and deputy party representative of the 7th regiment of the 3rd Division of the 1st army of the national revolutionary army. After the "Zhongshan ship incident" in March 1926, the Communists were forced to withdraw from the first army. Xu Jishen was transferred to the second squadron of the political training class as the captain. In July of the same year, under the promotion of the Communist Party of China, the Guangdong national government officially held the northern expedition. Ye Ting independent regiment, the Fourth Army of the National Revolutionary Army, directly led by the Communist Party of China and with Communists as the backbone, started the northern expedition from Zhaoqing, Guangdong in early May. In order to strengthen the army, the party sent more than 30 cadres of the party and League members' battalions, companies and platoons, including Xu Jishen, to work in the independent League. Xu Jishen served as the commander of the 2nd Battalion and took part in the northern expedition against Pingjiang, tingsiqiao, heshengqiao and other famous battles. At the end of August, he was seriously injured in the battle of heshengqiao and still insisted on commanding the battle. In the winter of the same year, he returned to the army and served as the chief of staff of the 73rd regiment of the 25th division. In the spring of 1927, Xu Jishen was transferred to the 72nd regiment of the 24th division, with Ye Ting as the division commander and vice commander of Wuhan garrison. In May, he took part in the fight to repel Xia Douyin, the rebel, and was wounded again. After the failure of the great revolution, he engaged in the secret work of the Communist Party of China in Anhui, Shanghai and other places. In May 1927, he went to Shanghai for medical treatment and engaged in secret work. After Wang Jingwei defected from the Wuhan National Government, he used the position of independent division as a bait to instigate Xu Jishen to rebel against the party, but he flatly refused. In May 1927, in the fight against Xia Douyin's rebellion in Wuhan, Xu Jishen, then head of the 72nd regiment of the 25th division of the 4th Army of the National Revolutionary Army, was surrounded at the regimental headquarters. At the critical moment of the battle, he took the lead and led three companies to attack the rebels fiercely. In the fierce battle, he was hit by a bullet in the chest and seriously injured, but he still stuck to his post to command the fight until the rebellion was put down. In March 1930, the Party Central Committee sent Xu Jishen to the Hubei Henan Anhui Soviet Area as member of the special committee of the Hubei Henan Anhui Special Committee, commander of the first army of the Chinese workers' and peasants' Red Army, member of the special committee of the Hubei Henan Anhui Special Committee. Together with Guo Shushen, Secretary of the special committee of the Hubei Henan Anhui Special Committee, Cao Dajun, political commissar of the army, and Xu Qianqian, deputy commander of the army, Xu Jishen reorganized the Red Army in the three Soviet areas of northeast Hubei, Southeast Henan, and West Anhui, and established the special committee of the CPC Hubei Henan Anhui Special Committee, thus realizing the goal of Hubei Henan Anhui Special Committee The unified command of the Red Army in Henan and Anhui. Under the command of Xu Jishen and others, the 1st red army conquered many towns in Western Anhui and the southern section of the Beijing Han railway from June to August, killing and injuring more than 7000 Kuomintang soldiers. The first Red Army rapidly expanded from more than 2300 at the time of its establishment to more than 5000. It successively won the battles of Yingshan, sigudun, Guangshan, Jinjiazhai and xianghuoling, consolidating and expanding the Soviet Area of Hubei, Henan and Anhui.

Arrested and killed

In 1931, Zhang Guotao controlled the military and political power of Hubei Henan Anhui Soviet area. Xu Jishen clearly opposed Zhang Guotao's wrong military policy of staying away from the Soviet Area and taking risks to attack, which caused Zhang Guotao's dissatisfaction. In addition, Kuomintang secret agents carried out a separatist plot, which led to Xu Jishen's arrest. In November 1931, Zhang Guotao was killed in Baique garden, Guangshan County, Henan Province. He was only 30 years old.

Achievements and contributions

After joining the Chinese Socialist Youth League, Xu Jishen was elected as a member of the Standing Committee and director of the Liaison Department of the Anhui students' Federation. He led and participated in the student movement. He was an influential progressive organization in the Military Academy at that time. During Xu Jishen's two eastward expeditions to unify Guangdong revolutionary base, Xu Jishen and a group of grassroots commanders of Huangpu student army led their troops to fight hard to defeat the main forces of Chen Jiongming and other warlords, turn the war situation around and make contributions. During the second counter encirclement and suppression campaign in Hubei Henan Anhui Soviet Area, he led a regiment of the 11th division and a regiment of the 10th division to annihilate a regiment of the Dushan garrison Kuomintang, annihilated more than 2000 people of the Kuomintang, and restored the western Anhui base area, which made an important contribution to the consolidation and development of the Hubei Henan Anhui base area and the expansion of the Red Army.

member of family

Anecdotes and allusions

Military Academy

When filling in the form, the 23-year-old Xu Jishen specifically stated that he had been involved in a social revolutionary movement. Jiang Erming, deputy director of the Party History Research Office of Lu'an Municipal Party committee in Anhui Province, said that during his days in the military academy, Xu Jishen studied military theories such as infantry code, tactics, weapons and topography, and made outstanding achievements in all subjects. As a very active person, Xu Jishen played a very good role in the Huangpu Military Academy and was a very influential person in the Academy. In the Huangpu student army, Xu Jishen came to the fore. During the two eastward expeditions to unify the Guangdong revolutionary base, Xu Jishen and a group of grassroots commanders of the Huangpu student army led their troops to fight hard and made great achievements in defeating the main forces of the warlords and reversing the war situation. In the battle of Danshui, Xu Jishen was promoted to the party representative of the company. In the battle of Mianhu, he served as company commander for bravery. In October of the same year, he was transferred to the post of major secretary and deputy party representative of the 7th regiment of the 3rd Division of the 1st army of the national revolutionary army.

Two counter encirclement and suppression campaigns

On November 24, 1930, during the first counter siege and suppression in Hubei Henan Anhui Soviet Area, Xu Jishen led his troops to conquer Xiedian and annihilate a battalion of the supplement 1 regiment of the 13th Kuomintang division. On December 14, 1930, the first Red Army in Western Anhui conquered Jinjiazhai and annihilated more than 1000 people in a battalion and regiment of the 46th division of the Kuomintang. 16, zhanmabu, Dushan, yejiaji. On the 18th, two battalions of the 46th division of the Kuomintang were annihilated in sujiabu and Han ferry. On the 30th day of 1933, the Guomindang army annihilated the xiangjiahe regiment in the southwest of China. After the first anti encirclement and suppression campaign in Hubei Henan Anhui Soviet Area, Xu Jishen, commander of the 11th division of the Red Army and former member of the Fourth Army of the Red Army, led his troops to the south section of Xinyang, Jinghan road in late February 1931. March 1, the night of the 33rd regiment

Chinese PinYin : Xu Ji Shen