Peng Chufan

Peng Chufan

Peng Chufan (1884-1911), a native of Echeng, Hubei Province, was a democratic revolutionist in modern China. In his early years, he came into contact with progressive ideas and determined to overthrow the decadent rule of the Manchu government. He joined the literary society and the co advancement society, used his special military status as a special soldier to collect intelligence in the Qing Dynasty, and mediating the NPC and CPPCC relations. On October 9, 1911, when Sun Wu was experimenting with explosives in Hankou, he caused an explosion. The uprising broke out, and the seals, flags, and rosters fell into the hands of the Qing army. The whole city's search began immediately. When Peng Chufan got the news, he immediately rushed to Wuchang xiaochaojie uprising headquarters to report and discuss with the public whether the uprising should be advanced or not. In the middle of the night, when the Qing army arrived suddenly, Peng Chufan, dressed in a military police uniform, could have taken the opportunity to slip away, but he was determined to live and die with his comrades in arms, and took the initiative to declare that he was a member of the revolutionary party. In the following interrogation, Peng Chufan vehemently denounced the corruption and incompetence of the Qing government. The angry Qing officials ordered Peng Chufan, Liu Fuji and Yang Hongsheng to be killed. The blood of the martyrs aroused the revenge and anger of the revolutionary army. The gunfire aimed at overthrowing the feudal rule of the Qing Dynasty echoed in Wuchang that night.

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Peng Chufan (1884-1911) was born in Echeng, Hubei Province. He was a democratic revolutionist in modern China. He was born in Huarong, Wuchang County, Hubei Province. When I was young, I studied Classics and history. Later, influenced by Meng Hui tou and revolutionary army, he was determined to fight against the Qing revolution. In 1906, he joined the Hubei new army and served in the twenty-one mixed artillery barracks. Later, he met Liu Jing'an and took part in the daily notice, which was regarded as the appraisal. Soon after that, the Japanese government was destroyed and renamed Chu fan to join the military police school. After graduation, he served as a military police officer. He was promoted to a higher rank and engaged in revolutionary activities secretly. At the beginning of 1911, he successively participated in the literature society and Jinjin society, and served as the revolutionary representative of the constitutional barracks. Taking advantage of the convenience of being a gendarme to engage in secret activities.

In September 1911, the literature society and the progressive society jointly established the general headquarters of the Hubei revolutionary army to prepare for the armed uprising, and was promoted to be one of the military preparatory officers to be responsible for the reconnaissance of the layout and defense of the armed forces in Wuhan. On October 9, when they learned that Hankou's organs had been damaged, they and Jiang Yiwu decided to hold an uprising with the sound of guns in Wuchang headquarters that night. The uprising failed because the herald was blocked. Xiaochaojie office was surrounded by military and police and was arrested on the spot. In the face of severe interrogation, he was firm and unyielding, confessed to the revolution and denounced the corruption of the Qing government. In the early morning of the next day, he died calmly in front of Wu Chang Huguang governor's office, and was one of the three martyrs of Wu Chang.

Life experience

Peng Chufan lived in the east gate of Echeng and later moved to Huarong Liangting village. As a child, Chu fan studied in a private school and devoted himself to classics and history. After a while, he could express his ambition in poetry. At the age of 20, when he was teaching in a private school in Guangfu temple near his hometown, he had read books such as Meng huitou and revolutionary army, and accepted the idea of progress. In the summer of 1906, Wan Ting, the artillery commander of Hubei new army, returned to his native place to recruit soldiers, so Chu fan decided to join the army. After joining the army, he met Zhang Nanxian, Liu Jingan and other democratic figures. Soon after joining the revolutionary organization "RI Zhi Hui" was destroyed, Liu Jingan went to prison, and Chu fan was suspected of being expelled from the artillery team.

In 1910, Peng Chufan was admitted to Hubei military police school. When he graduated, he served as a military police officer. Because of his diligence and excellent academic performance, he was promoted to the head of the military police battalion. At that time, the "literary society" and "Jin Jin Association" were developing in the new army. Chu fan joined the "literary society" in early 1911. He resolutely cut his braids to show his revolutionary determination. At that time, the revolutionaries wanted to make a great effort on the basis of "Literary Society" and "Jin Jin Association". However, the two organizations were not easy to unite. In order to coordinate, Chu fan joined the "Jin Jin Association" again and became a member of the society As a result, they were elected as representatives of the gendarmerie battalions of the two organizations, responsible for liaison and inspection.

In June 1911, there was a great shortage of funds for the activities of the association. It happened that Liu Gong, the president of the association, came to Han with a huge sum of money. The party members hoped that he would support the revolution, but they could not. Peng Chufan then volunteered to visit Liu in his military police uniform: "I heard that you are going to donate to Daotai in the north?" Liu ran sneered: "it's my father's intention to buy an official. How can I donate Daotai as a running dog of the Manchu Qing Dynasty, which is despised by the revolutionaries, but I want to ask for money from my family to help the revolution." Peng Chufan stretched out his hand and said, "now that the new army movement is mature, there is only a lack of funds. In that case, please give us the money order!" Liu Fuji said with a smile: "I'm not a miser. However, this sum of money is the hard work of my father's whole life. I came here to fight against the revolution of the Qing Dynasty, but I'm afraid the money will not be used as a blade. If the revolution is not successful, how can I face my father?" After hearing this, Peng Chufan stood up, sighed, and his tone suddenly became severe: "since he joined our party, he should share his property and work together, all of which were driven by the anti Qing righteousness. Today, a person in charge of financial affairs has been selected for the "Gongjin meeting". Why don't you take out the money? Do you really want to donate to Daotai in Beijing? Well, is this your handwriting? I might as well hold this first report to the government. Liu copied back from the general plan of the Tokyo Revolutionary Association. Looking at Chu fan's angry appearance, Liu Gong secretly smiles and takes out all the bank notes.

In September of the same year, the situation in Wuhan was on the way. In order to meet the needs of the revolution, the revolutionaries held a meeting in Yanzhi lane of Wuchang on the 24th to establish the general headquarters of Hubei revolutionary army. At the meeting, the personnel draft was passed, and Chu fan was appointed as the military affairs preparer. The meeting also decided that Hunan and Hubei should work together on the Mid Autumn Festival. After the meeting, a large number of Party members went in and out of Chu fan's residence, often planning the specific plan of the uprising all night long. With the Mid Autumn Festival approaching, Chu fan sent his wife and daughter back to Huarong to ensure that he did not miss the opportunity and did not care about the family reunion. Later, the uprising was delayed because of "insufficient preparation" in Hunan. During the preparatory period, Chu fan used his official position to go in and out of the hostile barracks and spy on the secret of the government. When the Qing officials occasionally observed the party's situation and asked about the gendarmerie, it was Yin as the protection, so the party members seldom touched the net.

On October 9, when Sun Wu inspected explosives in Hankou, he accidentally exploded and let go of the incident. He arrested Liu Gong's younger brother, Liu Tong, on the spot. The party's roster, flags and seals were also obtained by the Qing Dynasty. Ruicheng, governor of Huguang in Qing Dynasty, immediately ordered the whole city to be under martial law and killed by name. All of a sudden, the gate of the city was closed, butchers were out in all directions, and a big net was spread to the three towns in Wuhan. All the party members were trapped everywhere, unable to communicate with each other, and their lives were at stake. When Chu fan learned about this, he rushed to the military headquarters at 85 Xiaochao street in Wuchang to discuss. Jiang Yiwu advocated delaying the date of the case. Liu Fuji pulled out his pistol and said angrily, "no! Now the situation is so critical that you, as a general manager, are hesitant. Are you really greedy for life and afraid of death? " Deng Yulin also worried: "Liu Tong is young. I'm afraid that once he is tortured, he will spit out the truth. Once the party roster falls into Ruicheng's hands, the consequences will be unimaginable." Chu fan gently patted Jiang Yiwu's head, sighed and said in a low voice, "if you don't do it immediately, you and I will be small. Can we bear to see that our compatriots are often bullied by foreign powers and enslaved by Tartars? Can you bear to see the blood of the 72 martyrs in Huanghuagang flowing in vain? Can you bear to see the fire of Wuhan revolution annihilate? Can you bear to see the Great China divided up by the great powers? Then you and I will be sinners forever. "Do you really think I'm afraid of death? Big head, throw it together. Since ancient times, who has no death in life? If we can help overthrow the Qing Dynasty, we will die forever! " In a rage, Jiang Yiwu ordered an uprising in the middle of the night.

In the middle of the night, the Qing army police broke into the building. After jumping out of the building window, Chu fan was surrounded in an alley. He was dressed in a military police uniform. He could have come to capture the Qing army police of the party, but he decided to live and die with other comrades. He called himself a member of the revolutionary party and was arrested with Liu Fuji and others.

Late at night, the Qing governor's office held a court session to hold a joint trial with Zhang Deng, first mentioning Peng Chufan. Seeing the military police uniform, the chief judge tie Zhong thought that his brother-in-law was in charge of the military police camp, and that the military police camp had a revolutionary party, which not only affected his brother-in-law, but also embarrassed him, so he deliberately excused himself and said, "you are a military police, are you going to catch the revolutionary party?" Peng Chufan laughed and said, "Laozi is the revolutionary party! "How can you be willing to wait for your running dog?" Tiezhong was surprised and said, "as a gendarme, you should know that Wang FA is paid by the royal family, and you should take care of the Qing Dynasty. How can you dare to rebel Chu fan sternly asked: "the so-called salary is the blood and sweat of our Han compatriots. It's natural to eat the food of our compatriots and take revenge for them. What's the crime?" At that time, he was so angry that he gestured to ask for a written confession: "since the entry of the Tartars, on the 10th of Yangzhou, the three slaughters in Jiading, the characters were used in prison, and the crime was repeated. He has been cruel for hundreds of years, and he has no common destiny with our Han compatriots. In order to destroy the Han nationality, we should give it to our friends rather than domestic slaves. The descendants of the Yellow Emperor can't bear to see the fall of the nation. It's natural and unshirkable to uphold the great righteousness of saving the nation through revolution. Tie Zhong was shocked, but he was still unwilling to say, "you are young, and your parents, wife and children are still here. If you are obsessed, you can't be punished. If you can plead guilty, you can be saved from death.". He said with a sneer, "since I am engaged in revolution, I have long ignored my personal life and death. Revolution is not afraid of death. If I am afraid of death, I will not revolution. If I want to kill, I will kill. Why should I say so much?" Tiezhong knew that he could not bend and sighed. After reporting to Ruicheng, Peng Chufan, Liu Fuji and Yang Hongsheng were decapitated in dongyuanmen of the governor's office before Li Ming the next day.

Peng Chufan's hometown Huarong was renamed "Qingyun" in memory of the martyrs. The military government of Hubei changed the Imperial Hall of Ziyang road in Wuchang into "three martyrs' temple", named "three martyrs' street" and "pengliuyang road" in Wuchang, and built Memorial pavilions at the place where the three martyrs died for later generations. After liberation, Echeng county government and CPPCC had allocated funds to repair the tomb of the martyrs, and the door in front of the tomb was closed

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