Zhuge Zhan

Zhuge Zhan

Zhugezhan (227-263), named Siyuan, was born in Yangdu County, Langya county (now Yinan County, Shandong Province). During the Three Kingdoms period, the Minister of Shuhan and the son of Zhuge Liang, the Prime Minister of Shuhan.

To marry the princess, to worship the Duwei, to attack the Marquis of Wuxiang. In the fourth year of Jingyao's reign, he and Dong Jue, the Assistant General of the state, were in charge of the affairs of the central government. After the Lord trust Huang Hao, nothing to correct. Wei general Deng AI conquered Shu, led his eldest son Zhuge Shang, general Zhang Zun, Li Qiu and Huang Chong to defend Mianzhu (now Deyang City, Sichuan Province). Not listening to Huang Chongsu's advice, he lost his chance and went out to fight Deng AI. He was defeated and killed, and Mianzhu was lost. Later, Liu Chan came out and fell, and Ji Han perished.

Life of the characters

Early experience

In 227, zhugezhan was born. At this time, Zhuge Liang was 46 years old.

In 234, Zhuge Liang sent troops to Wugong County. In the meantime, he wrote to his brother zhugejin, saying that "zhugezhan is eight years old now, very smart and lovely. I'm just afraid that if he matures too early, he won't be a great success in the future. ". On his deathbed, he wrote the book of admonishment to Zhuge Zhan. Zhuge Liang died and Zhuge Zhan attacked the Marquis of Wuxiang.

In the sixth year of Yanxi (243), zhugezhan was seventeen years old. He married a princess of Shu Han and was granted the title of riding captain.

have an exaggerated reputation

In 244, Zhuge Zhan served as the general of Yulin Zhonglang, and successively served as the commander of Shesheng school and the servant. Because people in the Shu Han Dynasty Miss Zhuge Liang, and Zhuge Zhan is proficient in calligraphy and painting, and has a strong memory, so everyone likes Zhuge Zhan's quick thinking. Every time the imperial court issued a good decree, though it was not advocated by Zhuge Zhan. People will tell each other: "this is advocated by Zhuge Wu Xiang Hou.". As a result, Zhuge Zhan's good name has been over exaggerated, and some of it has gone too far.

In 253, Zhuge Ke, the Taifu of the state of Wu, defeated the army of the state of Wei in the battle of Dongxing, so he planned to use the army on a large scale. Zhang Yi wrote a letter to Zhuge Zhan to remind Zhuge Ke of the possible consequences of wantonly using troops. Sure enough, Zhuge Ke was defeated in the same year and killed by sun Jun.

From the seventh year of Yanxi reign to the third year of Jingyao reign (244-260), Zhuge zhanlei moved to pushe, the Secretary of the Shang Dynasty, and became a military general.

In 261, zhugezhan served as the acting governor and general of Wei, and together with Dong Jue, the assistant general, he took charge of the affairs of Shangshutai. But at that time, eunuch Huang Hao was in power, and the ministers of the central court were willing to protect him, and no one came out to correct this malpractice.

Liao Hua asked Zong Yu to meet Zhuge Zhan. Zong Yu said, "we are over 70 years old, and we have got enough. Now we are close to death. What do we need to ask for the younger generation but to work hard?" Finally, Zongyu didn't go to see him.

In 262, Jiang Wei was defeated in the northern expedition. Zhugezhan and Dong Jue thought that Jiang Wei was warlike and ineffective, which led to domestic fatigue. So they submitted the form to Liu Chan, asking Jiang Wei to be appointed governor of Yizhou and depriving him of military power. This form is said to be preserved by the elders of Shu Han.

Mianzhu died in battle

In the winter of the sixth year of Jingyao / the first year of Yanxing (263), Deng AI, the general of Wei state, attacked Yinping (now Wenxian County, Gansu Province) and invaded Jinggu road. Zhugezhan led the army to resist, led by Zhang Zun (the grandson of Zhang Fei), Huang Chong (the son of Huang Quan), and Li Qiu (the nephew of Li Hui), the right governor of Yulin. After arriving at Fu County, he lingered. Huang Chong repeatedly urged him to seize the danger quickly Zhuge Zhan hesitated to let the enemy enter the plain and did not take his advice. Huang Chong cried bitterly because of Zhuge Zhan's blunder. Deng AI drove straight in, and the forward of Shu army was defeated. Zhugezhan retreated to Mianzhu. Deng AI sent an envoy to induce zhugezhan to surrender: "if you are willing to surrender, I will make you king of Langxie." Zhuge Zhan was so angry that he killed Deng AI's emissary and led his troops to fight.

Before the war, Zhuge Zhan said sadly and indignantly, "I can't get rid of Huang Hao inside, I can't balance Jiang Wei outside, and I can't defend my country after marching. I have three crimes. What else can I do?" So he held his ground and prepared for a decisive battle.

At this time, Huang Chong also encouraged his soldiers to fight to the death, and Li Qiu gave orders, so the last battle of the Han and Wei dynasties, the battle of Mianzhu, broke out. Zhuge Zhan was waiting for Deng AI in Mianzhu. Deng AI sent his son Deng Zhong to encircle from the right, and then sent shizuan to encircle from the left. As a result, both of them were defeated and returned by Zhuge Zhan. The report said: "the enemy is hard to break!" Deng AI said angrily: "life and death, in one fell swoop, what can not!" To behead them, they went out to fight again and defeated the Han army. Zhuge Zhan, Zhang Zun and others died. When Zhuge Shang, the son of Zhuge Zhan, heard that the army had been defeated, he sighed and said, "our father and son have received so many favors from the country, but they didn't kill Huang Hao ahead of time. As a result, they were defeated miserably. What else can we live for?" So he rushed into the battle and died.

In the third year of Yonghe (347), the historian Chang fan (the author of the chronicles of Huayang state) made a textual research to the elders of Western Shu. He heard that Chen Shou had been humiliated when he worked under zhugezhan. Therefore, the failure of Shu should be attributed to the "official Huang Hao stealing the machine handle" in the chronicles of the Three Kingdoms. While Chen Shou was evil to Huang Hao, he was also evil to Zhuge Zhan's incompetence.

Character evaluation

Zhuge Liang: Zhan is eight years old now. He is smart and lovely. He thinks that he has become an early success. I'm afraid he is not a heavy weapon.

Zhong Hui: there are many wise, civil and military people in Bashu. As far as one's foot is concerned, Zhuge thinks far away. As far as plants and trees are concerned, I have the same spirit.

Gan Bao: Although the wisdom is not enough to support the danger and the courage is not enough to resist the enemy, he can live up to his country and his father's will.

Sima Yan: Zhuge Liang did his best in Shu, and his son Zhan died in the face of disaster, which is one of the good things in the world!

Shan Tao: he ordered Zhuge Jing, his grandfather Liang, to be separated by the Han Dynasty. Although his father and son were in Shu, they didn't fulfill their destiny, they had to do everything they could.

Murong Town: in the past, Cheng'an Jun didn't guard Jingxing pass, but he finally succumbed to Han Xin; Zhuge Zhan didn't take the risk of binding horses, and he was captured by Deng AI.

Chen Pu: father from farming, mother from mulberry, by fate with the Han Dynasty. One hundred years of Wei and Jin Dynasties, the clouds scattered, the sun and moonlight in Longzhong.

Chen Shichong: Zhan and sun Shang, sons of Kong Ming, sun Zun, sons of Zhang Fei, and Guang, second son of Zhao Yun, also died in the war. Wang Chen of Peiping wept at zhaolie temple, killing his wife first was suicide. Wei Yishu palace gave the soldiers, and Li Zhaoyi didn't humiliate himself. Zen is not particularly ashamed of soldiers, but also ashamed of women.

Hao Jing: and then he died, one of the grandsons of zhaolie, one of the sons of Kongming and their grandsons went to justice with great regret, and they all died with the country. They looked up at the two capitals and had nothing for 500 years. How magnificent! The latter is ashamed. How brave! It's time to look forward to your husband.

Sun Qifeng: after the death of Shu, the Yi clan of Guan family was annihilated by Pang thief. Wang Chen, Prince Wu's son Zhan sun Shang, Zhang Fei's son Zun, Zhao Yun's son Guang, Fu Tong's son Qian and Li Hui's nephew Qiu are all worthy of their forerunners.

Wang Yinglin: at the end of the biography of Zhu huiweng, he recorded the death of his son in order to see the good and the righteousness of his descendants. Nanxuan didn't think so. He thought that he could not remonstrate to Huang Hao, and he could not listen to remonstrance, and he could not retreat. He could not meet with one of the Jizhu. If you are defeated and die, you will be better than a traitor. So it is, therefore, that the son of the book looks forward to the nobility and sees the merits of goodness in a small way. Because of his lack of intelligence, he did not know what happened and was not good at law.

Luo Guanzhong: Heaven intended to destroy Liu, and the Han Dynasty was over. All the descendants of Zhuge died, and all the ministers in Chengdu were worried. " "Although wisdom does not support a dangerous Lord, loyalty is worthy of succeeding Marquis Wu. Through the ages, how many tears, pedestrians lament the grave.

Wang Shizhen: Wu and Han divided into dragon and tiger, and finally pitied shizigang. How can Mianzhu fight? Father and son die!

Zhao Wenlian: the deeds of Zhan, Guang, Xiufu, Shijie, Kun Yao, Shi CE. The later theorists all look up to his style and ambition, and want to see him as a person.

Mao Zonggang: zhugezhan and his son were ordered to repay the country with one death after the event. The gentleman said: Marquis Wu would never die. The heart of Mianzhu, who died in the war, is also the heart of the five Zhangyuan in the autumn wind. If he was willing to surrender to Wei on that day for the sake of integrity, would he not be ashamed of the family precept of "do your best to die"? Therefore, if you look forward to the future and still die, you will survive.

Cai Dongfan: Zhuge Zhan was to blame for not following Huang Chong's advice and letting the enemy go deep into the enemy, which led to his sudden death.

Memorial Hall

Zhugezhan father and son's tomb in Mianzhu (also known as Zhuge shuangzhong Temple) is one of the important relics of the Shu Han Dynasty in Sichuan Province. It is far away from the Wuhou Temple in Chengdu, which was built to commemorate Zhuge's "three generations of loyalty". In the main hall of Wuhou Temple in Chengdu, there are statues of three generations of Zhuge Liang's ancestors and grandchildren in one hall. The original statues of shuangzhong temple in Mianzhu also have three generations of grandparents and grandchildren. The front hall worships Zhuge Zhan's father and son, and the Qisheng hall worships Zhuge Liang. The two ancestral halls in Chengdu and Mianzhu show the loyalty of Zhuge Liang's three generations, and the high integrity of "devote oneself to one's life and die".

In the main hall of Wuhou Temple in Chengdu, there are statues of Zhuge Liang's three generations in one hall, and the original statues of shuangzhong temple in Mianzhu are also the noble demeanor of the three generations, who "devote themselves to the cause of death". The posterity admires, has the title to chant. On the wall of Wuhou Temple in Chengdu, there is a stele inscribed by an Yue Ling Hong Chengding of Qing Dynasty with the title of "Qianlong Renchen autumn moon passes Mianzhu to hang Zhuge Duwei and his son shuangzhong Temple": "when the country is broken, the first world war will be closed, and the battlefield will be strong for thousands of years. They are all loyal and filial, worthy of the loyalty of the sages to Marquis Wu. " There are also many poems inscribed by predecessors in Mianzhu shuangzhong temple, which connect Zhuge's descendants and praise their "three generations of loyalty".

Mianzhu is the place where zhugezhan's father and son refused to surrender and died for the country, so Mianzhu enjoys the reputation of "loyal minister and filial son". The existing ancient buildings of Zhuge shuangzhong ancestral hall include the Qisheng hall and the worship hall. The Qisheng hall was built in the third year of Qianlong reign of the Qing Dynasty, and the worship hall was built in the seventh year of Daoguang reign. Since the end of the Qing Dynasty, the scale of the temple has been considerable. Since 1985, the local government has paid more and more attention to the two countries

Chinese PinYin : Zhu Ge Zhan