Lan Ying

Lan Ying

Lan Ying (1585-1664), Yishuo (1585-about 1666), an outstanding painter in Ming Dynasty, was named Tian Shu, diesou, shitoutuo, Shangong, Wanzhuan azhu, Xihu Yanmin and Dongguo Laonong. He lived in "chengqumaotang" and was born in Qiantang (now Hangzhou, Zhejiang). He was one of the representative painters of Zhejiang School in the later period.

Gongshu is good at painting. He is good at landscape, flowers and birds, plum and bamboo. He is especially famous for landscape. His landscape law was originated in the song and Yuan Dynasties, and he became his own family. Shen Zhou, a master painter, wrote Xiurun and imitated the Tang, song and Yuan Dynasties. In his later years, he was vigorous and vigorous in writing, with a strong atmosphere, and attached equal importance to Wen Zhengming and Shen Zhou. His works include the painting of red leaves in autumn mountain, the ancient painting of Jianggao dialect, the painting of white clouds and mangroves, the painting of high autumn in Songyue and the painting of trees in cangyan. His painting school had a great influence in the late Ming Dynasty, and many people passed on his painting techniques.

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Lan Ying (1585-1664), a masterpiece (1585-1666), was an outstanding painter in Ming Dynasty. He was named Tianshu, diesou, shitoutuo, Shangong, wanzhuanazhu, Xihu Yanmin and Dongguo Laonong. He lived in "chengqumaotang" and was born in Qiantang (now Hangzhou, Zhejiang). He was one of the representative painters of Zhejiang School in the later period.

Lan Ying's life as a painting career, has been roaming north and south, enjoying the scenic spots, broaden their horizons, thus constantly enriching the content of creation. His lineage was directly inherited by the descendants of the LAN family, such as LAN Meng, LAN Shen and LAN Tao. His disciples Liu Du and Wang Huan had their own achievements. At the end of Ming Dynasty, famous painters such as Chen Hongshou and eight painters in Jinling were also influenced by him.

Lan Ying's paintings had a great influence on the late Ming Dynasty and the early Qing Dynasty, and were called "Wulin school" by later generations. It is called "post Zhejiang School" in the history of painting, and it is called "three masters of Zhejiang School" together with Dai Jin and Wu Wei. But in fact, his painting style is different from Dai Jin's and so on, and can not be completely attached to the "Zhejiang School". Lan Ying was named as Tian Shu, the old man, shitoutuo, and the old farmer of Dongguo. He lived in the "city Qumao hall".

Collection of works

Lan Ying is good at landscape, flowers and stones. He learned from the famous artists of song and Yuan Dynasties. In his early years, he was mainly helped by Huang Gongwang. His works are simple and elegant. In the continued compilation of the treasure of painting and drawing, Han pleian said: "painting starts from Huang Zijiu (i.e. Huang Gongwang) and wakes up." Middle age self-supporting family, PEEP on Jin, Tang, Song Dynasty, copy the Yuan Dynasty writing, collect excellent, from this entry, can each pole change. He not only studied Guo Xi and Li Tang, Ma and Xia, but also studied Er MI and Yun Shan. Take care of Huang Gongwang's paintings. Shen Zhou, a contemporary master, is also enthusiastic in his paintings. In addition to roaming north and south, covering a wide range of vision, so the pen vertical and horizontal Qigu, style Xiurun.

The axis of "imitating Wang Meng's landscape" by Lan Ying is collected by the Palace Museum. The color is 135 cm in the vertical and 59.1 cm in the horizontal. Self Title: "Huang Heshan Qiao's painting method is in Xiangting, a stream of Xixi, and Lan Ying, a Taoist." After the seal "Lan Ying seal" (white), "Tian Shu" (Zhu) seal. The painting depicts the autumn scenery in light crimson colors. Under the craggy Cliffs, the hermits in the water Pavilion talk to each other. The trees are red and yellow, creating a warm and slightly bleak mood in late autumn. Although the painter said in his title that he imitated Wang Meng's painting method, he also used Shen Zhou's touch and dye technique, which is flexible and represents the mature appearance of the author's landscape painting.

Lan Ying enjoys the world 89 years old, and is a diligent painter, has handed down many works. There are 66 authentic works in the collection of Shanghai Museum, such as "the painting of high mountains in autumn", which was made by the painter when he was 67 years old. The composition of the painting is magnificent, the pen is vertical and horizontal, the waterfall is ringing, and the old tree is Cangshan. In the painting, the strong pines are evergreen, and the two nobles enjoy watching the waterfall and listening to the spring. The Palace Museum in Beijing has many fine works representing his different styles in different periods, such as the painting of frost forest in autumn gully and the ancient painting of Jianggao dialect. The Beijing Municipal Administration of cultural relics has a collection of his early and middle works, such as "mountains and rivers" and "Cao CE Tu". Now the Palace Museum in Beijing also has a collection of white clouds and mangroves. The silk version is 189.4cm in length and 48CM in width.

style of art

Lan Ying was a painter in the late Ming Dynasty and early Qing Dynasty in China. Some art historians once listed him as "Zhejiang School". Some experts and scholars have raised objection to this. They think that Lan Ying and Dai Jin have no relationship of apprenticeship, and they are quite different in painting appearance and artistic style. Therefore, they should not be listed as the same school of painting Zhejiang school because they are in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province.

In the Qing Dynasty, Shen Zongqian put forward that "Lan Ying advocated being a Wulin school" in the compilation of Jie Zhou Xue Hua Bian. Lan Ying and his followers should be called "Wulin school". As we all know, there are some painters in the history of painting who, for various reasons, have not left more life information, making it difficult for later generations to understand the artistic style and aesthetic concept they formed from their life track, life background, personality, temperament and way of thinking. They can only see their artistic track from their paintings left in the world. Lan Ying is one of these painters . For a long time, scholars have paid more attention to literati painters and their works. Because Lan Ying is a professional painter, and there are no poems and works left in the world, there are few records and references about him in the history of painting. This paper attempts to elaborate the artistic characteristics and achievements of Lan Ying's landscape painting through the specific analysis of his paintings.

The artist's creative idea is inseparable from the times, environment, cultural quality and aesthetic standards he lives in. As a painter in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasty, Lan Ying's painting style is also inseparable from the era he lived in. Therefore, before discussing the artistic characteristics of Lan Ying's landscape painting, we should first have an understanding of Lan Ying's life and learning.

Lan Ying was born in 1585 AD and died in 1664. It is also named as Xihu waimin, Xihu waishi, Dongguo Laonong, wushannong, etc. it is called "Chengqu Maotang". He grew up in Qiantang, the birthplace of Zhejiang School, and lived in Songjiang at the age of 23. Later, he lived in Hangzhou, Jiaxing, Nanjing, Yangzhou, Shaoxing and other places for a long time. He sold paintings and taught apprentices, which had a far-reaching influence. His followers mainly concentrated in Hangzhou. He was known as "Wulin school" (another name for Hangzhou today). He was able to compete with "Songjiang school" from Wanli in the late Ming Dynasty to Kangxi in the early Qing Dynasty. He is a professional painter of literati painting. Since the Qing Dynasty, many scholars have called Lan Ying the "afterforce" or "Royal Army" of the "Zhejiang School".

He is good at painting, and is good at landscape, bamboo, Meilan, figures, flowers and birds, etc. His painting characteristics are more obvious is the use of pen frustration, to shuxiu vigorous win, good at writing autumn scenery. In the title of his works, he often imitates the works of a certain family, such as "imitating Zhang sengyou", "Fa Jinghao", "imitating Li Cheng", etc. in fact, the paintings are his own features. There are two kinds of painting methods in his landscape painting: one is the light crimson method of goule, the other is the boneless method, with bright colors. His paintings of green mountains, mangroves and white clouds are colorful with stone green, stone green, cinnabar, ochre and lead powder. Lan Ying is over 80 years old. She has been painting all her life. Her paintings are various and numerous.

From the works handed down by Lan Ying, his landscape painting can be roughly divided into three periods: early, middle and late. The early stage is before the age of 50. From the existing early paintings of Lan Ying, we can see that he has laid a solid foundation in the process of studying ancient paintings. In terms of artistic achievements, he mainly benefited from the help of Huang Gongwang, Wang Meng, Ni Zan and Wu Zhen. Although the four painters of the Yuan Dynasty had different brush and ink styles, Lan Ying was able to choose the right ones when learning their painting skills, and paid attention to what was useful to her, so as to enrich her personal expressive ability. It should be one of the ways for an artist to achieve success to learn from others' strong points, which is also a successful experience that has been proved for a long time in the art history of our country. At this time, the appearance of Lan Ying's works is basically carried by the center, and the texturing methods are mainly long Pima texturing, Jiesuo texturing and lotus leaf texturing. The painting method of rocks is smooth and round, without too many edges and corners, and the moss is round. The painting rules of trees are various, which reflects his skillful painting techniques. In composition, there is an obvious sense of space between the trees in the close view and the mountains in the distant view. The color is plain and smooth, the style is elegant and clear, loose and simple.

The painting of autumn in Xishan is a masterpiece handed down from generation to generation by Guichou Xinqiu (1613) when he was 29 years old. From the right of the scroll is the vast waters, the distant mountains are hazy, and the clouds are transpiration. In the middle part of the mountain, there are many rocks and streams. The winding water flows slowly through the rocks. Weeds and trees are scattered on the rocks. The whole painting is quiet and indifferent, with soft brushwork, few rocks and occasional lotus leaves. The composition is loose and beautiful, the color is clear and harmonious, and the ink color is moist. It can be seen that Lan Ying's painting at this time was influenced by the painting style of "Songjiang school".

"Imitating Li Tangshan water" is a painting created by Lan Ying in his early years. In the picture, the scenery is dense, and the close-up view is full of rocks, forming a slope, which is beside the meandering stream. The trees on the slope are luxuriant, simple in shape, meticulous in depiction, dense and dry, showing their own ecology. In the woods, there is a thatched pavilion near the stream. In the pavilion, two hermits sit and chat with each other. In the view of gexi, there is a huge stone peak. The rocks are abrupt and peculiar. There is a waterfall under it, which flows into Qingxi. In the whole picture, there are hills and stones, ancient trees and nodules, and the texturing method of hills and stones is combined with a small axe and iron scraping, with a little cluster of colors and ink. The layout is stable and the atmosphere is quiet. Far away from the mountains and close to the trees, it inherits the style of Li Tang Academy of painting and has its own play. Most of its works have the style of Song Dynasty.

The middle stage is between 50 and 65 years old. this

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