Chen Qubing

Chen Qubing

Chen Qubing (1874-1933), formerly known as Qinglin, is a modern Chinese poet and one of the founders of Nanshe. He is from Tongli, Wujiang, Jiangsu Province. Because of reading "why the Xiongnu is not exterminated", he resolutely changed his name to "Qubing". In his early years, he joined the alliance, followed Dr. Sun Yat Sen, and spared no effort to publicize the revolution. He made important contributions to the revolution of 1911, which overthrew the monarchy of the Qing Dynasty, and the movement of protecting the law, which crusaded against Yuan Shikai. Most of his poems express patriotic passion with vigorous and solemn style. In 1923, he was a professor of Chinese Department of National Southeast University (changed to Central University in 1928 and Nanjing University in 1949). After 1928, he was the curator of Jiangsu Revolutionary Museum and the chairman of Jiangsu Branch of University antiquities preservation Committee. In 1933, he died of illness in his hometown Tongli town.

Life of the characters

Chen Qubing (1874-1933) once dominated the revolution of 1911. In that changeable era, he pioneered Nanshe with Liu Yazi and others, and then followed Dr. Sun Yat Sen. he was the propaganda director of Sun Yat Sen's base camp for the Northern Expedition and the Secretary General of the Senate of the Guangdong garrison government. Dr. Sun Yat Sen affectionately praised him as "a man who has lived in adversity for ten years".

Change name to Mingzhi

When Chen Qubing was born, his father died five months ago, and he became a posthumous son. His mother, Ni jiexiaojun, was called Mrs. Ni Tai. When she gave birth to him, she lived in a hotel beside Qinglin bridge, Pingjiang Road, loumen, Suzhou. She invited a famous midwife to take delivery of the baby. Chen Qubing's breast name was named after the bridge, and she was named Chen Qinglin. A few days after his birth, Mrs. Ni took him back to the Chenzhai compound in Tongli. Madame Ni is the descendant of the famous painter Ni Yunlin at the end of Yuan Dynasty. She is knowledgeable and reasonable. When Chen Qinglin was five years old, her mother taught him the writing and used the Scriptures in history books to cultivate the gene of good and evil in Chen Qubing's childish mind. Dr. Sun Yat sen also praised Madame Ni as "the teacher of women" and wrote the inscription for her tombstone, in recognition of her cultivation of an outstanding man who is determined to make a revolution .

When Chen Qubing was 15 years old, Mrs. Ni felt that her knowledge could no longer meet the needs of her thirsty son. In order to better cultivate her son, she personally sent her son to worship Zhu Xinglu, a great Confucian in Changzhou (now Wuzhong District), to learn ancient Chinese poetry, which laid a good literary foundation. She went back to Tongli at the age of 21.

In his childhood, Chen Qubing was brilliant, but impatient and generous. His mother took the word "Peiren" for him and asked him to live in peace and tolerance all his life. But in the face of the turbulent times, how can he be "tolerant".

In 1894, the Sino Japanese war broke out. The following year, the corrupt and cowardly Qing government signed the Treaty of Shimonoseki. Chen Qubing, who was born in the year of the weak crown, saw Suzhou as a "commercial port" and was humiliated. The foreign aggressors were rampant and plundered wantonly. Chen Qubing's strong sense of concern for the country and the people was aroused by the crisis of the country, the exhaustion of financial resources and the lack of livelihood of the people. Therefore, he and his fellow countryman Jin Songcen founded the "snow shame society" in Tongli. The foundation of "snow shame society" made the aspiring young people in their hometown often gather together to discuss the important affairs of Jingbang and Weiguo. During the hundred day reform in 1898, the youth of Chen Qubing and xueshame society actively carried out patriotic propaganda in their hometown, but the 1898 coup soon failed. In 1900, the eight countries' allied forces trampled on the great rivers and mountains of China, and the following year signed the Treaty of "Xin Chou"; in 1900, the Tsarist Russian armed forces seized the three provinces in Northeast China and refused to withdraw their troops. All this makes young people like Chen Qubing feel unbearable.

In 1902, Chen Qubing and Jin Songcen went to Shanghai to participate in the Chinese Education Association, a progressive education group initiated by Mr. Cai Yuanpei. After returning, they established branches in Tongli, Changshu, Songling and other places. Chen Qubing in Shanghai is an eye opener. At that time, many patriotic young people went abroad to study in search of a way to save the country and the people. In the new year of 1903, Chen Qubing, 30, bid farewell to his colleagues in the China Education Association and went to Japan alone for investigation.

When he first arrived in Japan, Chen Qubing was amazed by the development of this small neighboring country. After Meiji Restoration, Japan's new constitutional monarchy is very different from the corrupt and conservative Qing government. He took the train from Meitian post to Tokyo. There were many tunnels along the way, which made him feel wonderful. However, Chen Qubing was not happy, and his melancholy and bitterness of being a weak country and a weak people oppressed him heavily.

On March 12, 1903, Chen Qubing and 11 Chinese students went to visit the Osaka Expo. Several puppets were on display in the Taiwan Pavilion, some wearing feather top patching clothes, some wearing small feet, some wearing hemp and filial piety, and some begging. There are teahouses in the museum, and all the receptionists are Taiwanese men or women with small feet. This kind of exhibition has an obvious intention of insulting the Chinese nation. What's more, in the Taiwan Pavilion, the Japanese side also showed Fujian products, which is undoubtedly a blatant indication that Fujian is also within the Japanese sphere of influence. After seeing it, Chen Qubing and his companions were extremely indignant. They found the Qing government officials and the Japanese organizers of the Expo and made a solemn negotiation. In the face of Chen Qubing and others who are awe inspiring and upright, Japan has to move Fujian products out of the Expo.

The event of the Expo left an unforgettable feeling for Chen Qubing.

Another day, Tokyo was suddenly hit by a storm. In an instant, the sky was dark and the ground was thunderstruck: after the rain stopped, the sun was shining, especially bright. Chen Qubing leans on the building and looks at it. From the beautiful scenery after the rain, he suddenly realizes that without the baptism of the storm, there will be no unique freshness after the rain. In the same way, a decadent system will not make brilliant new achievements without being destroyed. He immediately wrote the poem "Tokyo Yulou Yiwang after the rain", in which he wrote: "everything is corrupt, and if it is defeated, it will be abandoned." It's a change, but it's appropriate to be brilliant. " It shows a new leap forward of his innovative thought.

Then, Chen Qubing proposed organizing Wujiang Travel Association, and suggested organizing local travel association in Wujiang to raise funds to help patriotic youth go abroad and cultivate people with lofty ideals. He wrote to Tongli branch: "police! The white peril burns the eyebrow deer to walk the collar. Wake up, wake up! Pang ran, don't lie on your pillow. Work hard, work hard! Don't let the great people get sick. Xingxing! Sacrifice your life to save the country. " As soon as the letter was finished, a piece of news came: in order to suppress the revolutionary party, Wang Zhichun, governor of Guangxi, was ready to borrow money from France. He promised that after the event was over, he would send the power line, railway and mineral rights of the whole province to the legal person for transaction.

The next day, Chen Qubing took part in the "anti French conference" held by Chinese students in Tokyo.

A few days later, tsarist Russia, which illegally occupied the three eastern provinces of China, not only refused to withdraw its troops, but also intensified its aggression and put forward new demands. Filled with indignation, the students studying in Japan held a "anti Russian conference" in Tokyo. Chen Qubing and a group of overseas students have expressed that they will form a volunteer team to go to the front line of Northeast China, fight to the death with the invading army and take back our great rivers and mountains.

At the same time, Chen Qubing and a group of warm-blooded young people are actively practicing. Japanese police intervened. As a last resort, the organization was renamed the military National Education Association. In order to make this new organization survive and develop, Chen Qubing, who is not well-off, is willing to cut down on food and clothing. However, the counter revolutionary Qing government had been completely reduced to the running dog of imperialism, and forced to disband the organization on the ground of "resisting Russia in name but actually revolution". This made the patriotic students thoroughly understand the rotten nature of the Qing government, and one after another analyzed the Qing rulers' counter revolutionary policy of surrendering to the outside world and suppressing the inside world with sharp pen. Chen Qubing published a strong agitation of "the king of the Qing Dynasty is gone now, the monarch is not revolutionary, not husband" in the fourth issue of Jiangsu, a student studying in Japan edited by Chen Qubing.

When Chen Qubing was in Japan, he wanted to see Dr. Sun Yat Sen, whom he had admired for a long time, but soon he left Japan and went to Southeast Asia. However, during that time, Chen Qubing got to know Huang Xing and other revolutionaries and made full preparations for Sun Yat Sen's summoning him in Shanghai in the future. At this time, Chen Qubing's thought had a leap forward, determined to take on the important task of overthrowing the Qing Dynasty rulers who had been "incurable" and "incurable". In order to realize this wish, he changed his mother's original name Chen Qinglin to Chen Qubing, saying that he would take Huo Qubing as an example and shoulder the responsibility of the rise and fall of the world.

Propaganda revolution

In 1903, the Chinese Education Association was changed into a patriotic women's school. In the summer and autumn of that year, Chen Qubing returned to Shanghai as a patriotic female school teacher. This is a school founded by Mr. Cai Yuanpei. In this way, most of the local revolutionaries served as the liaison organization of the local revolutionaries.

On October 28, 1903, the Tsarist Russian army forcibly occupied China's Mukden (today's Shenyang); on February 8, 1904, Japan suddenly attacked the Russian fleet at Lushunkou, and the Russo Japanese war broke out. However, the Qing government brazenly declared "neutrality" in the face of the Japanese and Russian imperialists' struggle for Chinese territory. On February 14, Chen Qubing published an article in the Russian police news, denouncing the cheeky face of the Qing government, and calling on: "the robber's room, the master sleeps soundly, and his death, is it true that the Chinese people are no longer slaves? My husband is no longer slaves, and the Chinese people are no longer slaves! What year will it recover? The so-called "more slaves" refers to the slaves of the Qing Dynasty and imperialism. Chen Qubing has actually put forward the dual tasks of anti imperialism and anti Qing here. Chen Qubing used his spare time to study the history of the Ming and Qing Dynasties when he was teaching in the patriotic women's school

Chinese PinYin : Chen Qu Bing