Zhou Yiliang

Zhou Yiliang

Chinese historian. He was born on January 19, 1913 in Qingdao, Shandong Province. National bourgeois family background. At the age of 8, he studied Confucian classics, history and Zishu, followed by Japanese and English. Zhou Yiliang has a deep knowledge of Japanese history and Asian history. He taught Japanese history before 1949. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, he created the history course of Asian countries and cultivated a group of teaching and research talents of Asian history and Japanese history.

Life of the characters

In 1930, he entered Peking Yanjing University and majored in Chinese.

In 1931, he joined the Department of history of Fu Jen University in Peking.

He was transferred to the Department of history, Yanjing University in 1932.

After graduating in 1935, he entered the Graduate School of Yanjing University for one year.

From 1936 to 1937, he served as an assistant in the Institute of history and language, Academia Sinica.

In 1939, he went to the Graduate School of Harvard University and entered the Far East language department, majoring in Japanese language and literature and studying Sanskrit. After the outbreak of the Pacific War, he also taught Japanese in the army special training class of Harvard University.

He received his doctorate in 1944.

He was a Japanese teacher at Harvard University from 1944 to 1946. From 1946 to 1947, he returned to China and became an associate professor in the Chinese Department of Yanjing University. From 1947 to 1949, he became a professor in the Foreign Languages Department of Tsinghua University. From 1949 to 1952, he became a professor in the history department and was also the head of the Department. Since 1952, he has been a professor of the Department of history of Peking University, and concurrently the director of the teaching and research section of ancient Chinese history, the director of the teaching and research section of Asian History (later changed to Asian African History), the deputy director and the director of the Department. He once served as a member of the editorial board of Volume III of the history of human science and culture, presided over by UNESCO, a member of the Chinese history society, and an honorary president of the Japanese History Society of China.

He joined the China Democratic League in 1952.

He joined the Communist Party of China in 1956.

When the criticism groups of Peking University and Tsinghua University were established in October 1973, Zhou Yiliang and Wei Jiangong were appointed as the consultants of Liang Xiao's writing team to "criticize Lin and Confucius with the masses",

In October 1976, the gang of four lost power and Liang Xiao's writing team was disbanded. He was also detained and examined. From 1977 to 1979, he was listed as a member of the counter revolutionary group and was criticized. He demanded to "clarify" and "the relationship with the gang of four" and criticized it back to back.

He died on October 23, 2001. The farewell ceremony was held at 11 a.m. on October 29 in Babaoshan.

academic research

Zhou Yiliang is well versed in several foreign languages and Sinology. In the 1930s and 1940s, he worked hard in the field of the history of the Wei, Jin and southern and Northern Dynasties. After the 1950s, due to different tasks, the research involved many aspects. After the end of the 1970s, he went back to his old work and made important contributions to promote and deepen the Research of the history of the Wei, Jin and southern and Northern Dynasties.

A brief introduction to the book

The collected works include the collection of the history of Wei, Jin and southern and Northern Dynasties (1963) and the notes on the history of Wei, Jin and southern and Northern Dynasties (1985). The collection of treatises includes the discussion on the society, politics, nationality, Canon system and historiography of this period, while the notes focuses on the interpretation of historical materials. Both of the two books are rigorous and creative. They often reveal important historical problems from the accurate examination of specific problems and draw convincing conclusions. Therefore, they are generally valued by scholars at home and abroad. For example, qihuokao and other articles are cited by relevant works.

In 1997, Peking University Press reprinted and published Mr. Zhou Yiliang's collection of the history of the Wei, Jin, and southern and Northern Dynasties (Essays of Peking University Masters). The book is divided into two parts according to the chronological order, which collects most of his papers on the history of the Wei, Jin, and southern and Northern Dynasties.

Dunhuang Research

In the 1940s, I paid attention to the history of Chinese Buddhism and Dunhuang documents. The doctoral dissertation "three monks of Indian Tantric sect in Tang Dynasty" has received much attention in the Buddhist historiography circles in Europe and America. This paper also discusses the writing age of Mou Zi Li Huo Lun, puts forward some original ideas, studies and teaches Buddhist translation literature. In the aspect of Dunhuang studies, he participated in the discussion of Bianwen folklore, studied some written documents and words in Dunhuang literary works, and assisted in the compilation and collation of Dunhuang Bianwen collection. He also studied the Dunhuang book writing instrument, and wrote papers on its classification, origin and influence on Japan.

Academic works

His works in this field include "dongxuedang: the anti feudal and anti imperialist struggle in Korea", "the peasant movement before and after the Meiji Restoration in Japan", "some problems about the Meiji Restoration" and "ancient history of Asian countries" as a textbook for colleges and universities. In the 1950s and 1960s, he wrote many articles on the history of relations between China and North Korea and other Asian countries, which played a positive role in the development of friendly relations between China and Asian countries. He also deeply discussed the problems in the history of cultural relations between China and Japan, as well as the similarities and differences between the cultures of the two countries and their reasons. In the 1980s, he edited the history of cultural exchange between China and foreign countries and put forward the argument of culture in narrow sense, broad sense and deep sense for the first time, which brought the discussion of cultural issues to a new height. Zhou Yiliang has given lectures and conducted academic and cultural exchanges in Asia, Africa, European countries and the United States for many times.

monograph

The main papers are: qihuokao, on Emperor Wu and his time, Lingmin chieftain, etc Chang Yu, governor of six prefectures, historiography of Wei Shou, textual research on the three monks of Indian Tantric sect in Tang Dynasty, Sanskrit studies in China, textual research on Dunhuang manuscripts, etc.

bibliography

After all, it's a scholar, and memories of diamond wedding.

On the history of Sino Japanese cultural relations, Jiangxi people's publishing house, 1993.

Zhou Yiliang's selected academic works, Capital Normal University Press, 1995.

Tantric School of Tang Dynasty, Shanghai Far East publishing house, 1996.

Japan: from prehistory to modernity, commercial press, 1997. John Whitney Hall

Zhou Yiliang's essays on academic culture, China Youth Publishing House, 1998.

He is a scholar after all, Beijing October literature and Art Publishing House, 1998.

Zhou Yiliang collection, Liaoning Education Press, 1998.

The story of burning firewood, Peking University Press, 1998. Translated by Zhou Yiliang and written by Shinai Baishi

Zhou Yiliang's studies, Zhejiang People's publishing house, 2000.

The old man in the suburbs, new world press, 2001.

Academic awards

In the 1960s, Zhou Yiliang presided over the compilation of modern world history textbooks, and co edited four volumes of general world history (responsible for Oriental and Sino Foreign Relations) with Professor Wu Yuzhen of Wuhan University. In 1988, the book won the first prize of excellent teaching materials in Colleges and universities of the State Education Commission.

academic activities

In 1981, Zhou Yiliang was employed as a member of the Committee of "Encyclopedia of China: Chinese history" in his early years. Later, he served as executive deputy director and chief editor of the history of the Three Kingdoms, Jin, southern and Northern Dynasties.

Research focus

Wei, Jin, southern and Northern Dynasties

The Wei Jin Southern and Northern Dynasties is a very important period in the history of historiography. But for some reason, the older generation of scholars, except Mr. Zhou Yiliang, did not pay much attention to this. In his decades of research career, Mr. Zhou Yiliang has never stopped thinking about this historical period. The first historical paper he wrote was history of Wei Shou. This paper was published in the 18th issue of Journal of Yanjing in 1934. He was a 21-year-old junior at the time. However, up to now, this article is of great reference value. It is necessary to study the history of the Northern Dynasties and the history of historiography. From the 1980s to the 1990s, he successively published several articles on the history of historiography, such as the characteristics of the development of historiography in the Wei, Jin, southern and Northern Dynasties, several problems of historiography works in the Wei, Jin, southern and Northern Dynasties, a brief discussion on the similarities and differences of historiography in the southern and Northern Dynasties, and historiography in the Wei, Jin, southern and Northern Dynasties and the Chan Dynasty of the king Dynasty. These articles were later included in his sequel to the history of Wei, Jin, southern and Northern Dynasties. In his notes on the history of Wei, Jin and southern and Northern Dynasties, there are also some items related to the history of historiography, such as "the prison of Cui Hao's history", "Wei Shou's use of the history books of Southern Dynasties" and so on.

In his short academic autobiography written in 1999, Mr. Zhou made a brief summary of his life's academic research. Among them, I have a very detailed introduction of my achievements in the study of history of historiography. In another article, history of Wei, Jin and southern and Northern Dynasties, he recalled listening to Mr. Deng Zhicheng's lecture on the history of Wei, Jin and southern and Northern Dynasties, saying: "Yanjing stipulated that there would be no examination at the end of the semester and that he would write an academic year thesis. I wrote a history of Wei Shou in this class. Wei Shou's book of Wei was slandered. I have proved from several aspects that the book of Wei is not a "dirty history". In fact, it is a countervailing work for him. Later this article appeared in the Journal of Yanjing, when I was 21 years old. This is the beginning of my first works on the history of Wei, Jin, southern and Northern Dynasties. Forty seven years later, I wrote the article "book of Wei" for encyclopedia. I reread the old articles and found that there are quite a number of people in it who are not mentioned in the dialectics of Siku Synopsis by Mr. Yu Jiyu In the latter part of the article, he once again talked about the study of history of Historiography: "I have no overall view on the history of Wei, Jin, southern and Northern Dynasties, and I have no plan to break through the problems one by one. However, I feel that some work has been done to "understand the changes of the past and the present". Therefore, there is also a tendency to gradually deepen. For example, the study of historiography in the Wei, Jin and southern and Northern Dynasties has been from the historiography of Wei Shou to the prison of Cui Hao's national history

Chinese PinYin : Zhou Yi Liang