Liang Xi
Liang Xi
Liang Xi (1883-1958) was born in Wuxing County, Zhejiang Province. Academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (member of the academic department), an outstanding Chinese forestry scientist, educator and social activist, a pioneer of modern Chinese forestry, a great respected Master in the forestry field and the founder of new China's forestry cause. He studied at Imperial University of Tokyo in Japan and tarantu higher forestry school in Germany (now Department of forestry, Dresden University). He returned to China in 1927. Professor and director of the Forestry Department of Central University (predecessor of Nanjing Forestry University). After the founding of new China in 1949, he was the first minister of the Ministry of forest reclamation (later changed to the Ministry of Forestry).
Liang Xi personally conducted in-depth research, led the formulation of the forestry work policy and construction plan in the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China, established the subject of Chinese forest products manufacturing chemistry, and promoted the vigorous development of forestry in New China.
Life of the characters
Family background
Liang Xi, formerly known as Xi, was renamed suowu (or Shuwu), and his pen names were fanseng, Yiding, ah Wu, etc.
He was born on December 28, 1883 in Shuanglin Town, Wuxing County, Zhejiang Province. He lost his father when he was young. He first studied in a private school. Later, he studied in Ronghu Academy. He was diligent and intelligent when he was young. At the age of 16, he was admitted as a scholar. He is known as "the gifted son of Zhejiang Province".
Liang Xi's pursuit of progress in his youth was worthy of the reform movement of 1898, which further stimulated his Democratic innovation thought. In 1890, the eight countries' allied forces captured Beijing. He witnessed the fatuous corruption of the Qing government. Under the control of the idea of "saving the country with military equipment", he went to Zhejiang Hangzhou military equipment school to study western military. go to study in Japan
In 1906 (February of the 32nd year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu), he studied in Japan. In August of the first year of Xuantong (1909), he entered the eighth Higher Agricultural College (now known as guwu University). In Japan, under the influence of Zhang Taiyan and other democratic revolutionaries, Liang Xi joined Sun Yat Sen's China Alliance in Tokyo with his fellow countryman Chen Yingshi (Qimei), accepted the idea of democratic revolution, and often wrote poems in Min Bao published in Tokyo to denounce the corrupt Qing Dynasty.
In 1911, when the revolution of 1911 broke out, he returned home full of enthusiasm to save the country, devoted himself to the revolutionary tide, and participated in the training of the new army of the military and government branch of Zhejiang Province. After the revolution of 1911, Liang Xi returned to Japan to study.
In 1912, he returned to China to participate in the revolution of 1911 and engaged in the training of the new army in the military and political branch of Zhejiang Province.
In 1913, he entered the Department of agronomy of Imperial University of Tokyo (today's University of Tokyo). During his study, Liang Xi was more interested in forest products manufacturing and forest utilization. He devoted himself to research and achieved outstanding academic results, which was highly praised by his tutors.
From 1913 to 1916, he studied in the Department of forestry, Department of agriculture, Imperial University of Tokyo, Japan.
In 1916, Liang xixuecheng returned to China and worked as a technician in Fengtian (now Liaoning) Anton (now Dandong) Yalu River logging company. Liang Xi was very dissatisfied with the Japanese monopolizing the power of the company, so he resigned and was employed as a teacher and director of forestry in Beijing agricultural special school for seven years.
He taught in Beijing Agricultural School from 1916 to 1923.
In 1923, Liang Xi resigned his teaching position and went to Saxon Forest College in Dresden, Germany to study forest product chemistry at his own expense.
From 1923 to 1926, he studied forest product chemistry in Dresden talante Institute of Saxon Forest College, Germany.
Teaching in China
He returned to China in 1927 and continued to teach in Beijing Agricultural School (renamed National Beijing Agricultural University in 1926).
From 1927 to 1928, he was professor and director of the forest Department of Beijing Agricultural University.
In 1929, he was the director of the Forestry Department of the Agricultural College of Zhejiang University in Hangzhou. In addition to teaching, he also serves as technical director of Zhejiang Provincial Department of construction. During this period, he published many insightful works on forestry construction.
From 1929 to 1933, he was the director of the forest Department of the Agricultural College of Zhejiang University.
In 1933, Liang Xi resigned because he was dissatisfied with Guo Renyuan, President of Zhejiang University, who excluded Xu Xuan, Dean of Agricultural College of Zhejiang University. Later, at the invitation of Zou Shuwen, President of the Agricultural College of Central University, he taught in the forest Department of the school until the liberation of Nanjing in 1949.
1935-1941 president of Chinese agricultural society
In 1947, he was president of Nanjing Branch of Chinese Association of scientific workers.
After the Central University was renamed Nanjing University in August 1949, Liang Xi became the president of the Council of administrators of Nanjing University. During his stay in Nanjing, he took part in many social activities while teaching. In many political activities, he took a clear stand on the side of progressive forces and resolutely opposed the perversion of reactionary rule, leaving many touching deeds.
From November 1949 to 1958, he served as Minister of the Ministry of forest reclamation (later changed to the Ministry of Forestry) of the Central People's government.
Developing forestry
After the founding of the people's Republic of China, Liang Xi was appointed Minister of the Ministry of forest reclamation of the Central People's Government (changed to the Ministry of forestry in 1951). Since then, he has actively participated in and guided China's forestry construction. Although it lasted only nine years (until his death), it made great contributions to the forestry construction of new China.
Liang Xi also served as a lot of social work in his life.
In 1935, he was elected president of the Chinese Agricultural Association for a six-year term;
In 1945, Jiusan Society was established and elected as the supervisor. From 1950 to 1958, he served as the vice chairman of Jiusan Society;
In 1947, the Nanjing Branch of the Chinese Association of scientific workers was established, and Liang Xi was elected president;
He was elected to the Standing Committee in 1949, and later to the second standing committee;
In 1950, he was elected president of the all China Association for the popularization of science and technology;
In 1951, he was elected president of China forestry society;
In 1954, he was elected deputy to the first National People's Congress;
In 1958, the National Federation of science and technology and science popularization jointly held a National Congress, which decided to merge the Federation and science popularization and establish the science and Technology Association of the people's Republic of China. Liang Xi was elected vice president.
Developing forestry education in China
As early as 1916, when Liang Xi was a technician of Sino Japanese logging company, he felt deeply that China's forest industry was underdeveloped, and the cutting and utilization of forest products were controlled by foreigners, which was extremely unfavorable to the rational use of forest resources and the development of national economy. He believed that in order to develop China's forestry, it is necessary to start from education to cultivate talents, thus setting up the ambition of teaching and educating people. He has been engaged in teaching for more than 30 years, teaching forest utilization, forest products manufacturing chemistry, wood science, wood preservation and other courses, and cultivating a number of forestry professionals. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, it has made great contributions to the forestry education of new China.
Liang Xi's teaching materials were compiled by himself, and his lecture notes were constantly revised to add new contents. In the experimental class, although there is a teaching assistant, he is always in person to guide and demonstrate. Some difficult experimental methods are taught to students hand by hand.
Liang is as strict with himself as he is with his students and assistants. When there was a mistake in his work, he criticized it severely. He is not allowed to be late for class or work. Working on time and cherishing time are his consistent principles.
Liang Xi is not only tireless in his study and work, but also in his thoughts, life and career. He cares about and cares for his students, and truly achieves both teaching and educating. He taught his students: learning to seek knowledge in life is like building a high-rise building. We must first strengthen the foundation, then read extensively and brainstorm. He also taught the students how to be a man. They should attach importance to the interests of the people. They should be honest and do things in a down-to-earth manner. They should never be arrogant or exaggerated. Liang Xi is most willing to get along with the students and participate in their activities. In 1941, five students graduated from the Forestry Department of Central University (now Nanjing Forestry University). At the farewell party, he wrote an impromptu poem and presented each student with a copy of the book. The poem said: "a tree is green, a young man is green, and five trees are green. He Yanzhi wrote the word "forest" on the other side of Bashan mountain Liang Xi compares five students to five pines, and five trees just form the word forest. His ingenious conception contains Liang Xi's ardent hope and deep feelings for students. He helped the students out of their financial difficulties. He supports students to go abroad for further study and teaches them to study at ease and never forget their motherland. In August 1945, before Wu Zhonglun went to study in the United States, Liang Xi presented a poem: "the fire flows westward in seven moonlight, and the sky is speechless to send Wu lang. he will surely know that after three years' return, the vast sea is full of mulberry."
Attach importance to experiment teaching with practice
One of the characteristics of Liang Xi's teaching is the combination of theory with practice and the emphasis on experimental teaching. During his teaching time in Zhejiang University and Central University, he attached great importance to the construction of the laboratory, and successively established the forest chemical laboratory in the two universities. In 1937, the headquarters of Central University moved to Shapingba, Chongqing, because of the Japanese occupation of Nanjing. He led three laboratories: the laboratory of wood science, the laboratory of forest chemistry and the laboratory of forest products utilization group of Central Forestry Experimental Institute. At that time, Liang Xinian was nearly a flower. He often ran around for laboratories and materials and equipment. Once, he ran eight times to get a few gallons of alcohol. This shows the difficulty of scientific research at that time. Under his painstaking management, the forest Chemistry Laboratory of Central University (now Nanjing University) had begun to take shape at that time, with books, materials and various equipment, ranking second to none among the forest departments in China. When many experts and scholars visit this laboratory, they are all amazed!
Personal style and working conditions
Liang Xi is upright and upright. In order to devote himself to science and education, he never pursues fame and wealth. His noble character fully embodies the lofty quality of an educator.
Liang Xi is also the technical director of Zhejiang Provincial Department of construction
Chinese PinYin : Liang Xi
Liang Xi
