Wuzong of Ming Dynasty

Zhu houzhao

Zhu houzhao, Emperor Wuzong of Ming Dynasty

(October 27, 1491 to April 20, 1521), male, Han nationality, was the tenth emperor of Ming Dynasty. He was in power from 1505 to 1521. He was the eldest son of Zhu Youyao, Emperor Xiaozong of Ming Dynasty, and empress Zhang. The year is Zhengde.

Zhu houzhao was very smart and liked to ride and shoot. Soon after he ascended the throne, he became a eunuch headed by Liu Jin, Ma Yongcheng, Qiu Ju, Gu Dayong, Zhang Yong, and so on. It was noted that Liu Jin was paid by the world's Zhangzuo, and Liu Jin increasingly induced Wuzong to play and entertain. In xihuamen, a palace was built, and a secret room was built on the two sides. It was called "leopard house" and "new house" and played in it every day. The emperor's extravagance and the eunuch's wanton behavior led to the worsening of the already dangerous social economy, the intensification of class contradictions, and the continuous peasant uprisings. After Liu Jin was killed, Wu Zong increasingly trusted Jiang Bin. Under the guidance of Jiang Bin, Wuzong went on a tour many times. From August of the 12th year of Zhengde to February of the 14th year of Zhengde, Wuzong made four tours in a row, regardless of the opposition of the ministers. During his reign, because of the neglect of the imperial government, the royal family of Anhua and ningwang Zhu Chenhao successively took over the throne.

In March 1521, Emperor Wuzong of the Ming Dynasty, Zhu houzhao, died in a leopard house at the age of 31. After 16 years in office, he was named Wuzong with the title of "Chengtian dadaoying suruizhe Zhaode Xiangong Hongwen sixiaoyi emperor", and was buried in Kangling.

Life of the characters

Early experience

Zhu houzhao's mother was empress Zhang, who was made the crown prince at the age of two. Because emperor Xiaozong of Ming Dynasty only doted on empress Zhang in his whole life, and empress Zhang only gave birth to two sons for him, the second son Zhu houwei died early, so emperor Wuzong was spoiled since he was young. Moreover, young emperor Wuzong was very clever, and his teacher always learned what he taught him quickly. It is reasonable that he should be a good emperor, but the eunuchs around him destroyed the clever child.

The eight eunuchs headed by Liu Jin, Ma Yongcheng, Gao Feng, Luo Xiang, Wei bin, Qiu Ju, Gu Dayong and Zhang Yong, were called "eight parties" and later called "eight tigers". They used the emperor's favor to fight against their ministers. There were only Li Dongyang and Jiao Fang in the cabinet. In order to make Wuzong happy, yinggou, song and dance, Jiaodi and other operas were presented every day. At that time, Donggong was called "Baixi Chang" by people. Young Wuzong could not resist the temptation of these things, so he indulged in them. Later, people were asked to build leopard houses and indulge in women's sex all day. In addition, Wu Zong had a large number of child molestates among his favorites. Of course, his studies and political affairs were abandoned.

Succeeding to the throne

In the 18th year of Hongzhi (1505), Wuzong ascended the throne at the age of 15. The next year, he was changed to the first year of Zhengde (1506), and began his imperial career. In April, the British Duke Zhang Mao began to mention in his recital: "since the emperor's throne, he has been engaged in daily affairs, and the world has been looking forward to governing.". When you suddenly hear about the banquet, you pay attention to riding and shooting, and even a small group of people go out of Yemen, visit the garden, indulge in pleasure, and your officials are terrified when they hear about it. " Just four months after he ascended the throne, Emperor Wuzong began to go out of the palace in a humble way, looking for Erotic Music. Hu Yu also admonished Wu Zong for not paying attention to study and playing with things. He said: "when you are in the age of yingmiao, when you are in the age of mechanics, but when the Confucianists talk about it every day, before you finish your lessons, you have the thought of swans. After a few studies, you suddenly have the thought of leisure." He reminded Wuzong that as an emperor, the impure thought and the loss of movement would have a great impact. The government tried to persuade him to treat the whole world with pleasure. At that time, Wu Zong was good at riding and shooting, and often went out of the palace to hunt. Tang Yimo, a military officer, urged him not to follow. Liu Jian, a Bachelor of Arts, pointed out in his Shangshu speech in June: "Your Majesty, in recent years, it has been too late to see the court, too much to avoid the court, the playing is getting late, and the game is getting wider and wider." It can be seen that in June of the first year of Zhengde, Wuzong had already indulged in leisure and idleness. At that time, Liu Jian, the minister in charge of his orders, urged Wuzong to do the following: first, no riding alone, no going in and out of the palace; second, no frequent eunuch Bureau (official eunuch Office), boating in Haizi (one of the scenic spots in the suburbs of Beijing); third, no hawk and dog ejection; fourth, no serving to offer food and drink.

But under the guidance of Liu Jin, Wuzong played more and more out of line. First of all, many shops were built in the palace to imitate the appearance of markets. Eunuchs were asked to act as owners and common people, while Wuzong acted as rich businessmen to enjoy themselves. Wu Zong went in from house to house to listen to music and music. The harem was in a state of chaos, which worried the ministers of the current Dynasty. Because the politics of Hongzhi period was still clear, Wu Zong left a set of very upright and honest officials. These people, regardless of their own lives, jointly wrote a petition to severely punish eight tigers. Wu Zong just ascended the throne At that time, Liu Jin cried in front of the emperor, which made Wu Zong's heart soften again. The next day, he punished the minister who was the first to give advice. Cabinet members Xie Qian and Liu Jian threatened to return home, but they were approved by Wu Zong gladly, and the officials lost their confidence Leader, we have to do it.

After defeating the officials, the eight tigers became more arrogant and domineering. Liu Jin also set up a leopard house, in which there are many musicians and beauties for Wuzong to play day and night. Wuzong is more unscrupulous. Liu Jin also leans on the favor of Wuzong, but he ignores the power struggle within the eunuch. Finally, the eunuch Liu Jin died in the hands of another eunuch Zhang Yong. After Liu Jin's death, the harem did not settle down, and there were courtiers Qian Ning and Jiang Bin.

In the first month of the ninth year of Zhengde (1514), the Qianqing palace caught fire because of playing with lights. Wu Zong was going to the leopard's room. Looking back at the flames, he joked about a big fireworks show. He was not satisfied with playing in the capital, so he ignored the state affairs and took Jiang Bin and others to look for flowers and willows everywhere. He often broke into the people's houses at night and forced the women to accompany him. When he met those he liked, he had to take them back to the palace, which made the people complain. Mao Siyi, the magistrate of Yongping, put up a placard to reassure the people, saying that in the future, anyone who dares to claim that the emperor has arrived without official documents and harass the people with an excuse will be severely punished. This angered Wuzong and ordered Mao Siyi to be arrested and put into prison. Once Wu Zong came to a small shop and fell in love with the boss's sister feng'er, so he took her as his concubine and made her brother an official. Unexpectedly, feng'er died on the way back to Beijing. Wuzong was very sad. But soon after, he fell in love with a musician (professional actor at that time) Liu, so he took Liu as his concubine, and he loved Liu so much that the harem called Liu Niangniang.

do as one wishes

After emperor Wuzong ascended the throne, he abolished the official who was still sleeping and the official who was in the study, in order to reduce the restrictions on his movement. Jingyan day said that he escaped with all kinds of excuses. He didn't listen to it several times. Later, even the early dynasty did not want to go up, which opened a precedent for the long-term strike of Shizong and Shenzong. The ministers played in turn and even threatened to resign, but the emperor still went his own way, and the ministers had nothing to do. Later, as long as Zhu houzhao didn't do anything extraordinary, the ministers simply stopped caring about him.

Wuzong wanted to break some of the shackles imposed on him, and he wanted to act according to his real ideas, even if it was against the ancestral precepts and social habits of previous dynasties. It's hard to imagine that Wu Zong didn't miss the Forbidden City, which is a symbol of power and status, but liked the two small worlds he built: Leopard house and Zhenguo house in Xuanfu. For the former, he lived there from 1507 to 1520, while for the latter, he affectionately called "family".

Wuzong used to search for male favourites in various ways. He selected child molestates from the eunuchs in the palace as his personal attendants. Of course, he also had sex and entertainment with them. In the early years of Wuzong's reign, he chose the handsome officials as his favorite, which was called "Lao Er Dang", and you Yun and others. When we use young people, we call them old, but we say the opposite. Of course, the object of Wuzong's fishing is by no means limited to his inner ministers. In his travel activities, he also searched for molestation children everywhere: Wuzong Nanxing came to Yang Wenxiang's home, where there were singing children. Shangyue white, asked what name, said Yangzhi. It was named "lanzhiyu" and ordered to drive northward. First of all, they went out of Xuanfu, and some singers were also welcomed by them. When asked about his name, he took "white on the head" as the opposite. He built the Music Department of the imperial court of this generation, and the eunuch of the garrison borrowed the supplier, so he had this nickname. Shangxiao said: "the head is white, I do not know the waist is also white?" When they were caught, they were castrated. Gai thought about the holy intention or wanted to call into the inner court, so he asked.

Some rogue scholars, in order to bid for the favor of Wuzong, competed to present their men's favors. Volume II and I of Wanli yehuo Bian said: "Wang Qiong, Minister of the Ministry of war, wearing a satirical dress, sneaked into the leopard room and had a drink with him all night. Yang Xunji, the former head of the Ministry of rites, used the actor Zang Xianjian to serve Jinling. He was responsible for writing Zaju Ci and Qu, even juxtaposed with zhuyou. "

Indulge in Leopard house

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The reason why emperor Wuzong of Ming Dynasty indulged in playing regardless of the strong opposition of his courtiers was that he was bewitched by the "eight tigers". "Eight tigers" refers to eight eunuchs, including Liu Jin, Zhang Yong, Ma Yongcheng, Gao Feng and others, with Liu Jin as the leader. Liu Jin was insidious and cunning. She tried every means to encourage Wuzong to have fun. She went into fengyinggou Hutu every day, and secretly took Wuzong out to make him happy. Therefore, she was very popular with Wuzong and gradually gained power. She always forced others to pay tribute to him in various names. If she had no money, she would be forced to die immediately. No one in the court did not hate or fear, but she had to obey It is called "the emperor of the site".

In the third year of Zhengde (1508), Wuzong's mind had been changed

Chinese PinYin : Ming Wu Zong