Zhang Decheng

Zhang Decheng

Zhang Decheng (1846-1900), male, Han nationality, from Zhaozhang village, Gaobeidian City, was a famous leader of the boxer organization.

In 1846, Zhang Decheng was born in a poor boatman family on the Bank of Baigou River in Gaobeidian. In October 1898, Zhao Sanduo, Yan Shuqin and others launched the Boxer Uprising in the border area of Zhili, Shandong Province. After that, the wind of setting up altars to practice boxing gradually rose in all parts of the North China Plain. In May 1900, with the support of Liu Liansheng and others, he set up "the first altar of Yihe shentuan in the world" in Duliu Town, Jinghai County, and became the leader of the first altar. As he traveled in the rivers and lakes and socialized widely, people from far and near came to him one after another, and more than 5000 people joined him. Then more than 10 altars were set up in Yangliuqing and the western suburbs of Tianjin, with a total number of 20000 people. His "first group in the world" became one of the strongest and most influential teams in the Boxer Movement.

brief account of the author's life

Zhang Decheng (1846-1900), a native of Zhaozhang village, Gaobeidian City, was a famous leader of the Boxer Movement, who founded "the first group in the world" during the Boxer Movement. In 1846, Zhang Decheng was born into a poor boatman family on the Bank of Baigou River in Gaobeidian. In October 1898, Zhao Sanduo, Yan Shuqin and others launched the Boxer Uprising in the border area of Zhili, Shandong Province. After that, the wind of setting up altars to practice boxing gradually rose in all parts of the North China Plain. In May 1900, with the support of Liu Liansheng and others, he set up "the first altar of Yihe shentuan in the world" in Duliu Town, Jinghai County, and became the leader of the first altar. As he traveled in the rivers and lakes and socialized widely, people from far and near came to him one after another, and more than 5000 people joined him. Then more than 10 altars were set up in Yangliuqing and the western suburbs of Tianjin, with a total number of 20000 people. His "first group in the world" became one of the strongest and most influential teams in the Boxer Movement. In 1900, Russian soldiers shot and wounded innocent children. Zhang Decheng was furious and led the people of "the first regiment in the world" to encircle the foreign soldiers, injuring their captain and several soldiers, which greatly boosted the morale of the regiment. In the summer of 1900, on June 17, the Allied forces of the eight countries captured Dagu fort, and the invading forces marched by land and water to Tianjin. On the 27th, Zhang Decheng led 5000 members of the "world's first regiment" into Tianjin, holding high the banner of "supporting the Qing Dynasty and destroying foreign countries". On February 7, the boxers and the Qing army launched an offensive against the positions of the Allied forces in the concession. The aggressors were full of mines on the streets, main roads and front positions leading to the concession. In order to clear the mine, Zhang Decheng sent the regiments to find dozens of oxen and beat the vanguard with the fire oxen array. The regiments launched a general attack, which not only pursued and killed many enemies, but also destroyed Mitsui and saboshi. On July 10, Song Qing, the assistant of Beiyang military affairs, arrived in Tianjin. He thought that the boxers were wild and hard to tame, and ordered to destroy the boxing world and kill the boxers. On the 13th, more than 10000 people of the eight countries' allied forces attacked Tianjin. Zhang Decheng led the people of the group and some of the Qing army to take part in the South Gate defense war. In August, Zhang Decheng led some of the regiments to wangjiakou to raise food and money from the rich families. He was attacked by the landlords and merchants in wangjiakou. As a result, the ship's food was cut off. Zhang Decheng was killed in the struggle and his body was thrown into Ziya River. Although the Boxer Movement was brutally suppressed by the Allied forces of the eight countries, its patriotic and anti aggression spirit has always inspired the Chinese people. Zhang Decheng led the Boxer Movement to attack zizhulin has long been well known. When the Boxer Movement was hanged by the Allied forces of the eight countries in Tianjin, there are very few records about Zhang Decheng. In particular, the cause of Zhang Decheng's death has become an eternal mystery. Some said that he was killed by the landlord, others said that he was killed by the officials and gentry. In the process of reading the Yishi Bao, the reporter retrieved a record about the mystery of Zhang Decheng's death. At the same time, in the newly discovered Memoirs of the boxers, the reporter also mentioned this historical event, which finally revealed the mystery of Zhang Decheng's death. Zhang Decheng retreated to Yangliuqing after the eight nation allied forces occupied Tianjin city. Due to the destruction of the local landlords, Zhang Decheng led the boxers back to Duliu town. At this time, the Allied forces of the eight countries were ready to march to Jinghai to pursue Zhang Decheng's troops. One night, Zhang Decheng led the boxers to board a boat on the North Bank of the Daqing River in "Laolongwan" of Duliu town. They went up the Ziya River and retreated to wangjiakou town. Soon, the Allied forces of the eight countries arrived at Duliu town. wangjiakou town is an important town in the big city of Hebei Province. Ziya River passes through the town and its geographical location is very dangerous. The boxer organization in this area is relatively common. When Zhang Decheng led the boxers to wangjiakou Town, the local landlords and gentry showed abnormal enthusiasm, collecting food and raising money for the boxers, hoping that Zhang Decheng could take his subordinates away from wangjiakou town as soon as possible, so as to avoid the eight countries' allied forces burning the flames of war to wangjiakou town. Zhang Decheng also thinks that wangjiakou town is close to Tianjin and Duliu town in Jinghai, so it is easy to be attacked by foreigners. He decides to transfer immediately after the money and food are in place. According to local people, Zhang Decheng raised a large amount of military pay and grain this time. The boxers loaded the boats with money and grain and prepared to carry them away. When he set out, Zhang Decheng was sitting in the sedan chair prepared for him by the local people, full of prestige. The local boxers and the common people sent each other along the way, and the landlords and officials and gentry also sent to the town to say goodbye. But no one thought that in this "warm" farewell of gongs and drums, there is a sinister murder. It turned out that there was a "hun hun" in Wangkou Town, named Liu Yihe, who opened a rice noodle shop and a cart shop in wangjiakou town. Although his business is small, his influence is not small, especially his close relationship with the nearby Red spear club. When Liu Yihe learned that Zhang Decheng had taken away so much money and grain, he was very jealous, so he conspired with the red spear club to rob these army salaries. On the day of Zhang Decheng's departure, Liu Yihe and the red spear club set an ambush at the reed farm near wangjiakou town. This place is overgrown with reeds, the water potential is turbulent, and the terrain is complex. Zhang Decheng and others didn't know anything. When the ship arrived at this place, it suddenly exploded like rain. The boxers were shot and fell into the water one after another. Some of them were killed and the rest of them fled ashore. At this time, Liu Yihe jumped on the boat and found Zhang Decheng in the cabin. Liu Kai shot Zhang Decheng and then threw him into Ziya River. He died at the age of 54.

Cause of death

In May, the four Daoists of Zhili went to Tianjin together, and the boat passed alone. When they met the bandits, they all kowtowed to beg for their lives. He went to the altar and became a high-ranking official in virtue. He released him, continued to sit, and showed off his skills. He made all the governors pay 200000 yuan, and he was appointed to destroy the ocean. Yu Lu wrote a letter to him, but he called for virtue. If he didn't arrive, he repeatedly called for it. Decheng said angrily, "I am not an official. How can the governor bully me?" Yulu gave thanks and ordered the envoys to welcome him with eight people. To be virtuous, we should see the enemy with courtesy and open the middle gate to welcome him. The next time, the banquet was in the festival department, and Dacheng suddenly fell asleep. Russia's arms were stretched out, and its cannons were in charge of several affairs. It said, "the spirit of the Yuan Dynasty comes out. Whoever steals from the enemy, the enemy's cannons will be abandoned." Yulu respected it deeply. Decheng Heng went in and out of the festival department to show off his Cao. Yu Lu recommended the dynasties, saying that they were strong in years and strong in ambition. They had repeatedly reported their achievements in war, and they were rewarded with their headgear and yellow jacket. There is no city to be trapped, and the bandits carry huge capital. To wangjiakou, the salt merchant Wang surname with Zhang, Wang Yu to two people. Decheng said angrily, "I'm in Tianjin. I'll make an army of eight people to meet me. You are so blasphemous?" As a last resort, the fake Guandi temple was green. When it comes to the feast, he still says that he can't go down to the banquet, and that he can't stand the banquet. The villagers were so angry that they conspired to assassinate him. They arrested Decheng and the remaining bandits fled. Decheng kowtowed and begged for mercy, saying: "try to avoid the sword." A total of, into blood chyme Yan. (the rest of the story)

Chinese PinYin : Zhang De Cheng