Aiwu

Aiwu

AI Wu (1904-1992), formerly known as Tang daogeng. Sichuan Xindu people. He is a member of the Communist Party of China. After 1927, he worked as a laborer in Yunnan and Myanmar. He was a proofreader, supplement and teacher of newspapers. In 1931, he joined the left wing League, engaged in professional creation, and was a professor of Chinese Department of Chongqing University. After 1949, he successively served as member of Chongqing Municipal People's government, director of culture, member of the temporary Party group of Sichuan Federation of literary and art circles, and leader of the preparatory group of Sichuan writers' Association. Member of the Standing Committee of the CPPCC Sichuan Provincial Committee, deputy to the first, second and third National People's Congress.

His works began to be published in 1925. He joined the Chinese Writers Association in 1949. He has written many novels, such as fertile fields, mountains, hometown, steel making, night scene, island, sequel to journey to the south, night return, fog in spring, selected novellas of AI Wu, selected short stories of AI Wu, collection of short stories, journey to the south, night of the South, collection of works of AI Wu, etc.

Life of the characters

On June 20, 1904, AI Wu was born in a farmhouse surrounded by bamboo forest and flowing water in Qingliu Town, Xindu City, Sichuan Province, where he spent his childhood and youth.

In 1921, AI Wu, 17, walked more than 80 miles to Chengdu to study. Admitted to the free Chengdu Sichuan provincial first normal school. Influenced by the new youth and some publications of the creation society, the thought of Cai Yuanpei's labor sacred is regarded as the standard.

In the summer of 1925, AI Wu left home to escape arranged marriage. This wandering determined the literary career of this "wandering literary hero". In the next six years, he went to Kunming on foot and worked as a laborer; he wandered in the Kachin mountains of Myanmar and worked as a horse shop assistant; he wandered in the exotic mountains of Southeast Asia and lived with the lower class laborers (horse drivers, pole lifters, opium smugglers and horse thieves) day and night. Later, he went to Rangoon, Myanmar, and fell ill on the street. He was taken in by master Wan Hui (the third brother of calligrapher Xie Wuliang) from Lezhi county, Sichuan Province. Later, he worked as a newspaper proofreader, a primary school teacher, and a newspaper supplement.

In the winter of 1930, he was arrested for participating in the activities of the Myanmar Communist group against British colonial rule. In the spring of 1931, he was escorted back to China, passing through Hong Kong and Xiamen, and then to Shanghai in May of the same year. Soon, I ran into Yang Chaoxi, a classmate friend of Chengdu first division. On November 29 of that year, he and Sha Ting wrote a letter by AI Wu to ask Lu Xun about the theme of the novel. On December 25, Mr. Lu Xun wrote back.

At the end of 1932, after joining the left wing writers' League of China, he was engaged in literary creation all his life and began to publish novels.

During his stay in Shanghai, he published a collection of short stories, such as the night of the south, a journey to the south, pastoral songs in the mountains, night scenery, novellas, spring, plantain Valley, and essays, such as wandering miscellany. Most of the works reflect the miserable life and spontaneous resistance of the underground people in the southwest frontier and Myanmar, and open up the subject field of new literature creation. The legendary stories he described, the characters with special characters and the charming scenery of the frontier make his works full of lyric and romantic atmosphere. After the outbreak of the Anti Japanese War, he served as the director of Guilin Branch of the all China Anti enemy Association of literary and art circles.

In 1944, he fled from Guilin to Chongqing and finished his famous novel hometown. The magazine of Chongqing Branch of the anti enemy Association, half moon literature and art (attached to Chongqing Ta Kung Pao), contains 60 issues.

In 1946, he taught at the social university where Tao Xingzhi was president.

In the summer of 1947, the Kuomintang made a big arrest of the democratic personages in Chongqing and fled to Shanghai. The works of this period include the novel "wild mountain". During the war of liberation, the main works are the novel "fertile fields". It reflects the suffering, struggle and pursuit of the working people in the Kuomintang controlled area. The rigorous and gloomy style of realism in artistic expression has replaced the former artistic features of lyricism and romance.

After 1949, AI Wu was appointed director of Chongqing Municipal Culture Bureau, director of China Writers Association, member of all China Federation of literary and art circles, etc. he went to Anshan, Daqing, Xiaoliangshan and other places to experience life.

In 1957, there was a novel "a hundred irons into steel" and so on. He joined the Communist Party of China in the same year.

In 1961, he revisited the old place of Yunnan and completed the sequel to the journey to the south. After liberation, he served as honorary chairman of Sichuan Federation of literary and art circles.

After 1981, AI Wu, as an old man, still went deep into the big and small Liangshan mountains and returned to the Yunnan frontier with great ambition. He published more than one million words, such as "fog in spring" and "new edition of the journey to the South", until he died in 1992.

Work style

During the war of resistance against Japan and the war of liberation, AI Wu not only wrote short stories one after another, but also wrote many novellas and novellas. His works mainly focused on the lives of ordinary peasants, urban coolies and intellectuals, showing their patriotic enthusiasm, tragic experiences, resistance and pursuit.

The short stories "autumn harvest" and "when the spinning wheel revived" written in the early period of the Anti Japanese War reflected the military civilian relationship in the Kuomintang ruled areas and the changes of rural appearance, which had a great influence at that time. Around 1942, there were obvious changes in AI Wu's writing. The novels "fertile fields" (1946), "Hometown" (1947), "mountain fields" (1948), the novella "nostalgia" (1948), "a woman's tragedy" (1949), and the short story "sister-in-law Shi" were still mostly based on the rural life in the Kuomintang ruled areas, compared with the 1930s and 1940s In the early period of the Anti Japanese War, the works of this period had a broader vision, a wider range of life and improved artistic expression. The social life and people's ideological outlook under the background of the national liberation war are reflected in these novels. In particular, the novel Shanye focuses on the life of a small mountain village and the relationship between the characters, shows the complex national and class contradictions in the Anti Japanese War, and has a more profound description of the class relations in the countryside. Sister Shi Qing describes a working woman's stubborn will to live and hard life. The characters in the novel are distinctive and the language is simple. It reveals the criminal rule of the Kuomintang government in the countryside and reflects the darkness before dawn.

Most of AI Wu's works before liberation were based on the life of the lower class. This constitutes a feature of his creation. This kind of creative thought is closely related to his wandering life in his early years. He was once exploited and insulted together with the oppressed working people, so he did not describe them quietly, but tried to express his love and hate, pain and indignation; he expressed full sympathy for the suffering and misfortune of the pole lifters, horse chasers, horse thieves, private cigarette dealers, urban coolies, poor peasants, ordinary soldiers and small intellectuals Sympathy and indignation. He not only wrote about the mental trauma and bad habits of life brought by the heavy pressure of life, but also explored the good moral characters in their hearts: kindness, simplicity, sense of justice, compassion and spontaneous resistance, so that people can see the light and hope from the ugly dark reality.

AI Wu is one of the earliest writers who brought the features of the lower class society and the life of the foreign people under the colonial rule into the modern literary creation in the southwest frontier region. He made contributions to the development of the new literary creation. Legendary stories, gorgeous local color, mysterious frontier life and characters make his works have distinct lyric style and romantic mood. This is another feature of his creation. AI Wu has a strong artistic generalization ability and the courage to deal with the subject matter. He is good at writing a plain story vividly. With the scenery and environment, he sets off the inner activities of the characters, making the image vivid and touching. After the outbreak of the Anti Japanese War, the original artistic style of lyricism and romance was gradually replaced by cautious and gloomy realism.

Main works

Influence of works

Journey to the south is AI Wu's first work, and it is also the most successful, influential and artistic work in all his works. At the same time, it is also the most distinctive vagrant novel in the history of modern Chinese literature. Guo Moruo, Mao Dun, Zhou Yang, Hu Feng, Zhou Libo and other famous writers, as well as various modern literary history and works, all give high evaluation. In the history of modern literature, AI Wu was the first one to write human tragedies with the beautiful scenery of the southwest frontier fortress and the strong exotic sentiment in "a journey to the South", depicting "the hazy resistance actions of the strong desire to survive under the pressure of life" (see "about the title of the novel. Correspondence with Lu Xun"). While describing the miserable fate of those bottom class laborers, vagrants and poor minority people, he tried his best to dig out their true, good and beautiful qualities, "the pure gold in their temperament" (AI Wu dialect). The characters he created, such as little black ox, night white fly, ghost winter brother and wild cat, are the images with unique artistic appeal in the history of modern Chinese literature. His novels have been translated into English, Russian, Japanese, Korean, German, French and other languages, and are very popular with foreign readers. The research on AI Wu is in the ascendant. There are more than ten kinds of biographies, monographs and papers about AI Wu's life and creation. Based on the adaptation of "journey to the South", the TV series "the history of the people in the border villages" (AI Wu appeared on the screen, which made people feel more cordial and admiration), won the "93 China Sichuan International TV Festival" Golden Panda award, and was deeply appreciated by domestic and foreign audiences.

On the Bank of Yinma River in Guihu Park of Xindu District, the hometown of Aiwu, in the green bamboo grove not far from the remains of shixueyan, people built the tomb of Aiwu. The tomb of AI Wu is made of red sand boulders with a bronze statue of him standing on the top. His life is recorded in the inscriptions behind him, and the four words "Tomb of AI Wu" on the front of the chest are written by Ba Jin. There is a square marble in the front of the tomb, and a section of right pedestal of Aiwu is carved on the top

Chinese PinYin : Ai Wu