Hu Yuzhi

Hu Yuzhi

Hu Yuzhi (1896-1986), formerly known as Xueyu, has a pen name of Hu Yuzhi, Hualu, shaping, Fusheng, Shuonan, etc. he was born in Fenghui town of Shangyu, Zhejiang Province. He was a famous social activist and revolutionary scholar with outstanding achievements in many aspects. He was a journalist, writer, translator and publisher all his life. He was knowledgeable and was a rare "all rounder" in the press and publishing circles.

In his early years, he founded the Esperanto Society, and Shen Yanbing and others established the literature research association. At the beginning of 1922, he joined the Chinese Civil Rights Protection League and the Communist Party of China in the same year. After 1935, he participated in the national salvation movement in Shanghai cultural circles and was one of the founders of the National Salvation Association. After the victory of the Anti Japanese War, he publicized the party's principles and policies overseas. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, he was the general manager of Guangming Daily. He was the first director of the General Administration of publishing, vice chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress and member of the Standing Committee of the National Committee of the Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference.

Life of the characters

In 1910, he graduated from the county primary school. In 1911, he won the first place in the county examination and was admitted to Shaoxing Fu middle school. In 1912, he entered Hangzhou English college. In 1913, he studied ancient Chinese prose under the guidance of Xue langxuan, a famous hostess in Shaoxing. in 1914, he was admitted to Shanghai Commercial Press as an intern. After work, he studied English night school, taught himself Japanese and Esperanto, and began to publish translation articles. From the following year, he was appointed as "Oriental Magazine" and published articles on it. In 1919, Hu Yuzhi took part in the struggle of supporting the May 4th Movement in Shanghai. During the May 30th Movement, axiom daily was published to report the cause and development of the movement. On the day after the coup d'etat on April 12, a letter of protest against the Kuomintang authorities was drafted and seven people, including Zheng Zhenduo, were invited to sign it and publish it in the business daily. Later, he was forced to go into exile in France to study in the school of international law of Paris University. He visited Moscow on his way back to China in early 1931 and wrote the impression of Moscow. After the September 18th Incident, he co hosted life weekly with Zou Taofen and edited Oriental Magazine. She has organized world knowledge, women's life and other magazines. In 1936, he helped Zou Taofen to set up life daily in Hong Kong. After the outbreak of the Anti Japanese War, he served as the director of the international publicity committee of the Shanghai Cultural Salvation Association, and presided over the publication of solidarity, Shanghai People's daily, Jina, Yibao and other newspapers to carry out the Anti Japanese salvation propaganda. Under extremely difficult conditions, he organized the compilation and publication of E. Snow's journey to the west, and published Lu Xun's complete works for the first time. In 1938, he was in charge of Anti Japanese propaganda in Wuhan; after the fall of Wuhan, he went to Guilin to publish the semi monthly national public opinion, and organized international news agency and cultural supply agency. In 1940, he went to Singapore to help Tan Kah Kee run Nanyang Business Daily, and later he went into exile in Sumatra. After the victory of Anti Japanese War, he founded new Nanyang publishing house, Nanqiao daily, Fengxia weekly and new women magazine in Singapore. after the founding of new China in 1949, he successively served as vice president of the Chinese people's Institute of foreign affairs, vice chairman of the Chinese character Reform Commission, chairman of the all China Esperanto Association, member of the first to fifth Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, vice chairman of the sixth Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, member of the National Committee of the Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference, vice chairman of the Fifth National Committee of the Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference, vice chairman of the Central Committee of the China Democratic League, vice chairman of the National Committee of the Acting chairman, honorary chairman of the first China Publishers Association. He is a member of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, vice chairman of the Standing Committee of the National Committee of the Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference, director of the General Administration of publication, general manager of Guangming Daily, Vice Minister of the Ministry of culture, member of the Central Committee for promoting Putonghua, member and convener of the dictionary Planning Committee of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, President of the all China Esperanto Association, and his outstanding contribution to the field of philology is reflected in his contribution to the field of philology The reform movement and Esperanto Movement actively advocated and participated. Hu Yuzhi died in Beijing on January 16, 1986 at the age of 89. All his life, he has been honest and upright in his work, and his public and private virtues are exemplary.

Press and Publications

In the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China, the "commander in chief" of the publishing industry

Hu Yuzhi had an indissoluble bond with the press and publication all his life. He started to run a newspaper when he was young. At the age of 18, he compiled the first pamphlet called interest table. Later, he edited shangyusheng, contracted Oriental Magazine, and helped to establish and publish Life Weekly, literature monthly, world knowledge, Xinsheng weekly, life daily, national public opinion, Nanyang daily, Guangming Daily, Xinhua monthly, etc. At the critical moment of Chiang Kai Shek's revolt in 1927 and Japan's invasion of China in 1931, Hu Yuzhi, with a sense of justice and patriotism, often came forward to write his address, which often played an enlightening role. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, Zhou Enlai, who was responsible for the formation of the cabinet, made the best of his talents and appointed Hu Yuzhi as the director of the General Administration of publishing. Thus, he became the "commander in chief" of China's publishing industry in the early days of the people's Republic of China. In May 1938, Hu Yuzhi, Fan Changjiang, Xu Meijin and others planned to set up a young journalists' Association to compile war news, which was released to foreign journalists once a week with the international propaganda department to report on China's Anti Japanese war. At the same time, international news agencies were organized to issue Chinese and English press releases to publicize overseas Chinese and international friends. After 1939, Hu Yuzhi successively engaged in the propaganda and organization of the Anti Japanese war in Guilin, Hong Kong, Singapore and other places. In Guilin, according to Zhou Enlai's instructions, he actively did the upper United Front Work of Li Zongren and Bai Chongxi, established contacts with many well-known experts, scholars and cultural people in Guilin, such as Li Da, Li Siguang, Liu Yazi, Ouyang Yuqian, Liang Shuming, etc., founded the national public opinion and other publications, and actively carried out Anti Japanese war propaganda activities. In Singapore, he took Nanyang Business Daily as his front and appeared as a personage without party affiliation. According to the instructions of the CPC Central Committee, he opened up overseas propaganda positions. Instead of putting on a "left" face and singing Eight Legged tunes, he stressed that regardless of political parties, gangs, the old and the young, the rich and the poor, and wisdom and ignorance, he attached great importance to the overall situation and unity, making Nanyang Business Daily a powerful public opinion tool for uniting overseas Chinese to resist Japan and save the nation and realize the Anti Japanese national united front policy of the Communist Party of China. Just a few days after Comrade Hu Yuzhi arrived in Singapore, the South Anhui incident shocked China and foreign countries. On the same day, he published an editorial of Hu Yuzhi's unity means survival, division means death. This is an article that makes readers feel that Nanyang Business Daily takes on a new look. The article exposes the shameful plot of the Kuomintang reactionaries in the anti Communist civil war and accurately reports the "eternal injustice". At the same time, it also points out: "the majority of our overseas Chinese have always been without party or faction. We only have the nation in mind, and we will never have partisan views. Now that the enemy is at present and the land has not been lost, what we want is democratic unity, what we oppose is peaceful compromise and civil war split. " This view of the editorial won the sympathy and support of overseas Chinese. In his editorial on defending Nanyang, he put forward "assisting China in the war of resistance against Japan, strengthening the cooperation between Britain and the United States, enforcing the embargo against Japan, and implementing democracy in the Far East", which was known as four magic weapons and caused a sensation and won the praise of overseas Chinese. After the outbreak of the Anti Japanese War, Hu Xingzhou organized a group of overseas Chinese to conduct propaganda work in Singapore. In September 1945, after the surrender of Japan, Hu Yuzhi overcame many difficulties and founded "under the wind" weekly and "Nanqiao daily" in Singapore. Under the leadership of Hu Yuzhi, Fengxia Weekly has always been on the vanguard of anti civil war and anti autocratic struggle, and has been praised as "indispensable spiritual food" by readers. Nanqiao daily, on the other hand, pays close attention to the interests of the overseas Chinese, reflects the aspirations of the overseas Chinese, and clearly supports the people's Liberation War of the motherland, which is known as a flag of patriotic overseas Chinese. In August 1948, at the critical moment when the KMT and the CPC were about to launch a decisive battle of life and death, Hu Yuzhi and his wife went through the secret communication line of the CPC, disguised as the couple of overseas Chinese businessmen, and finally arrived in the liberated areas of North China. Under the guidance of Zhou Enlai, they actively participated in the preparatory work of the new CPPCC. All day long, he was busy listening to the opinions and suggestions of the representatives of the democratic parties and assisting in drafting various relevant documents. Hu Yuzhi has been engaged in the press and publication for a long time. He is good at planning, writing and has good theoretical and professional qualities. He is a rare talent to promote the development of the press and publication. After the founding of new China, Hu Yuzhi was appointed as the first director of the General Administration of publishing. In accordance with the requirement of "developing the people's publishing industry and paying attention to publishing correspondence books and newspapers beneficial to the people" put forward in the common program, he made in-depth investigation and research, and put forward specific policies, methods and steps from the reality. As Ji Shaofu said in his article the revolutionary enlightener, Hu Yuzhi was "the commander in chief of strategizing" in China's publishing industry from the founding of the people's Republic of China to the existence of the General Administration of publishing in 1954. He did pioneering work for the establishment of a new socialist publishing organization and system, and the publication of revolutionary books and periodicals and intellectual books. In May 1949, Guangming Daily was founded in Beijing, with Hu Yuzhi as its general manager. Hu Yuzhi, who has always been particular about the style and characteristics of running a newspaper, focuses on intellectuals. He makes Guangming Daily a forum for publishing opinions of the intellectual circles, carries out ideological and academic exchanges and carries out education for intellectuals, and reports on education, science and technology, culture, health, education and so on

Chinese PinYin : Hu Yu Zhi