King Huai of Chu

Bear heart

The heart of bear? (206 BC), MI, Xiong, Xin. After Xiong Huai, the king of Huai of Chu. He was one of the princes in the late Qin Dynasty.

Xiong Xin was originally a nobleman of Chu state. After the fall of Chu state, he hid among the people as a shepherd. After the incident, Xiang Liang adopted fan Zeng's suggestion and called himself Wu Xinjun, and established Xiong Xin as king Huai of Chu, so as to gain popularity. He who entered Guanzhong first was king. Xiang Yu killed Song Yi and defeated Zhang Han in the battle of Julu. Xiong Xin was forced to take Xiang Yu as the general. Liu Bang entered Guanzhong first, and Xiang Yu made people repay Xiong Xin. Xiong Xin replied: according to the original agreement, Xiang Yu resented Xiong Xin, so he pretended to respect Xiong Xin as a righteous emperor and moved to Chen County of Changsha, and secretly ordered yingbu and others to kill him.

Life of the characters

The king of Huai

Xiongxin is a royal family of Chu. After the destruction of Chu by Qin, xiongxin lived in seclusion in the countryside and made a living by herding sheep.

In July of the first year of the second Qin Dynasty (209 BC), Chen Sheng and Wu Guang rebelled against the Qin Dynasty in daze township of Qi county (now Suxian County, Anhui Province). After seizing Chen County, they established the state name "Zhang Chu", and Chen Sheng called himself the king of Chu. In September, Liu Bang fought in his hometown of Fengxian (now Fengxian, Jiangsu Province), in response to the uprising of Chen Sheng and Wu Guang, attacked Peixian (now Peixian, Jiangsu Province) in the East, and was elected as Peigong by Xiao He and others. In the same month, after Xiang Yan, the famous general of Chu state, the nephews of Xiang Liang and Xiang Yu set up troops in Kuaiji (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province), and Xiang Liang was named Wu Xinjun. In December, Chen Sheng was defeated by Qin General Zhang Han and his whereabouts are unknown.

In June of the second year of the Qin Dynasty (208 BC), Xiang Liang learned that Chen Shengque had been killed, so he called all the generals to Xue county (now Tengxian County, Shandong Province) to discuss the anti Qin plan. Fan Zeng, a counsellor, said: "Chen Sheng's failure is due. The state of Chu was the least guilty of the six states that perished in Qin Dynasty. And since King Huai came to the state of Qin, he has never returned. People in the state of Chu miss him until today. Therefore, Duke Nan of Chu said, "even if there are only three families left in the state of Chu, it must be the state of Chu that destroyed the state of Qin." Now Chen Sheng is the first to fight against the Qin Dynasty. He does not support the descendants of the king of Chu and becomes the king himself. His power can not last long. Now that you are fighting in Jiangdong, the generals of Chu are rushing to join you. It is precisely because your family has been the generals of Chu for generations that you can support the descendants of the king of Chu again

Xiang Liang took fan Zeng's advice and found Mi Xin, the grandson of King Huai of Chu, among the people. Xiong Xin was herding sheep for others. Xiang Liang supported him as king Huai of Chu to comply with the wishes of the people. Chen Ying was appointed to the Shangzhu state of the state of Chu, granted five counties, and built Xuyi as the capital with King Huai. Xiang Liang was named Wu Xinjun.

Planning to destroy Qin Dynasty

In September of the second year of Qin II (208 BC), Qin General Zhang Han defeated the Chu army in Dingtao (now Dingtao County, Shandong Province), and Xiang Liang was defeated and killed. At this time, Liu Bang and Xiang Yu were still attacking Chenliu (now Southeast of Kaifeng, Henan Province), while LV Chen, the former headquarters of Chensheng, was stationed in CHENXIAN, the old capital of Zhangchu (now Huaiyang, Henan Province), which was located in the southwest of Dingtao. If the Qin Army took the opportunity to go south, xutai would be in danger. In order to stabilize the morale of the army, defend the king Huai and resist the Qin army, Xiang Yu moved his division to the East and asked him to move his capital to Pengcheng (now Xuzhou, Jiangsu). LV Chen also felt that the situation was grim and abandoned Chen county and went to the king Huai. Zhang Han, the general of Qin Dynasty, thought that the soldiers of Chu state were not enough, but crossed the river to attack Zhao. As the military pressure of Chu subsided temporarily, Xiong Xin began to rectify the political situation of Chu. In addition, he personally managed the military and political affairs of Chu state and actively planned the strategic arrangement of cutting down Qin and exterminating Qin general.

Xiong Xin merged Xiang Yu's and LV Chen's two armies into one, and he took charge of all the anti Qin armies in the south. Xiong Xin promoted Song Yi to be the champion of Qing Dynasty, established his own cronies to control military power, and led Xiang Yu, fan Zeng and yingbu to the north to save Zhao. At the same time, he issued a famous political declaration, and agreed with the generals that those who broke the Qin Dynasty and entered Xianyang first would be the king. However, Xiang Yu did not want to go north to save Zhao, but rather wanted to enter the pass westward. Xiong Xin didn't agree to Xiang Yu's request.

In October of the first year of the Han Dynasty (206 BC), Liu Bang, the Duke of Pei, conquered Xianyang, and the Qin Dynasty perished. At the same time, Xiang Yu, after Julu defeated the main force of the Qin army, supported 400000 troops to enter the pass after Liu Bang.

Xiang Yu usurped power

Although Xiang Yu's reply to Wang Ruyue was "Wang Huai's hope". Seeing that the situation was not right, Xiang Yu was unwilling to continue to obey the orders of King Huai. He told the generals that King Huai was supported by Xiang family, but king Huai didn't make any contribution to the war. The credit for destroying Qin Dynasty was Xiang Yu himself and other soldiers. Xiang Yu respected Xiong Xin as the "righteous emperor", and then enfeoffed the princes of the world by himself, while Xiang Yu established himself as the "overlord of Western Chu" and established his capital as Pengcheng. At that time, King Huai had already been elevated by Xiang Yu, unable to prevent Xiang Yu from enfeoffment.

Chen County

In April of the first year of the Han Dynasty (206 B.C.), Xiang Yu wanted to return his capital to Pengcheng, and sent soldiers to force Xiong Xin to move to Chen. Xiong Xin had no choice but to go out to the capital. However, he left and right the officials, attached to his hometown, complained and refused to move quickly. Xiang Yu was so angry that the Three Kings (King yingbu of Jiujiang, King wurui of Hengshan, and King gongao of Linjiang) in the place where Yidi passed wanted to kill him on the way. In October, yingbu sent his generals to Chen county to kill Xiong Xin near the poor spring of Chen city. Chen people pitied him and buried Xiong Xin in the back mountain in the southwest of the city.

In March of the second year of emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty (205 BC), Liu bangtong's army crossed the Yellow River eastward to Luoyang and passed through Xincheng (now Shangqiu, Henan Province). He met three old Dong Gong and was informed of Xiong Xin's death. He issued a proclamation to the whole country, denouncing Xiang Yu for regicide and treason. All the princes in the world responded. Liu Bang had all kinds of armies, with a total of 560000 people, who went to Pengcheng to fight against Xiang Yu, opening the prelude to the three-year battle between Chu and Han.

In the fifth year of emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty (202 BC), Liu Bang destroyed Xiang Yu and unified the world. After the establishment of the Han Dynasty, he sent three Marquises, Wang Ling, Zhou Bo and fan Kuai, to Chen to worship Yidi.

Historical evaluation

Su Shi: "I try to talk about the righteous emperor, the wise master of the world.". He only sent Peigong to pass, but not Xiang Yu. He knew that the champion of Qing Dynasty was among the thick people, but he was promoted to the general. Is that not the case? "

Zhang Yu: "suppressing the rebellion is called martial arts, eliminating violence is called benevolence, knowing people is called wisdom, revenge is called filial piety. If we prepare for the four and achieve great success, then what can Yidi do for thousands of years It can be said that it is military to send princes to punish violence; it is benevolent to leave Qin people between Tang and Huo; it is wise to let Peigong enter the pass first to pacify Qin; it is filial to destroy Qin to recover the enmity of the former king. Although the position is not final, the contribution is also great. Although Shaokang killed Yi, Jujian was born in Wu, Qi Xiangqian was born in Ji, Zixu was born in Chu, and the virtue was compared with righteousness, I am worthy of it. "

Liu Runan: "why does the shepherd come from the people? He was sent to pass in the year of disaster. Never ask the rise and fall of the past. There was once a man in Jiangdong."

Yuan liaofan: "Chu cherishes the king's heart, which is also a remnant evil of subjugation. Xiang Wang's disciples raised sheep in the name of the king. One day I was on the top of the table, and I was able to move the generals as if they were Su Jun Chen Ran. Although the feather is fierce, and has the virtue of lodging, it is also a solid death. In the battle of entering the pass, he sent Peigong alone to be lenient to the elders. On this matter, the wisdom of knowing people and the benefit of pacifying the people are of great significance. And feather into the pass, make people fatal Huai Wang, Wang naiyue as promised, not to feather move also. It can be said that there is an imperial strategy. If heaven's destiny is not there, I will die of thieves. I cherish my husband. "

Historical records

Yidi Benji, written by Wu Fei of Qing Dynasty, was originally attached to the moon table of Chuhan emperor.

Related disputes

As for the title of Yidi, there are two explanations: one is like a fake emperor; the other is "the one who is respected and worn is called Yidi".

Artistic image

Literary image

Hu Zeng's Yidi Mausoleum

Su Xianshan by Shen bin

Lu guimeng's sending Yang Zhenwen to Guiyang

Wang Zun's zhaoqu Pavilion

Fu Weichu's Changde nostalgia

Film and television image

Chinese PinYin : Chu Huai Wang