Zhang Shijie

Zhang Shijie

Zhang Shijie? - 1279), Fanyang County, Zhuozhou (now Zhuozhou City, Hebei Province). At the end of Song Dynasty, he was a famous general and a national hero. Together with Wen Tianxiang and Lu Xiufu, they are known as the three heroes of the late Song Dynasty.

In his early years, he fought with LV Wende in all directions and successively served as the commander of all the armies and the commander of Gaoyou army. Not long later, because of the critical situation, Zhang Shijie was promoted to the post of Chengxuan emissary of Baokang army, leading the troops to resist the invasion of Yuan army. After that, he successively held the important posts of system and institution Deputy envoy, Baokang army Jiedu envoy, school inspection Shaobao and so on.

In the first month of the second year of Deyou (1276 AD), the yuan army approached Lin'an. Zhang Shijie organized the small imperial court to resist the southward movement of the yuan army. Later, he signed a letter to the Privy Council. He became the core of the court. On the way to the south, the yuan army sent people to surrender many times, but Zhang Shijie resolutely refused. In the first month of the third year of Jingyan (1278 AD), the yuan army attacked Leizhou, but failed to win several times. Zhang Shijie was promoted to Shaofu and vice minister of privy because of his meritorious service. In April of the same year, song duanzong died, and Zhang Shijie presided over Liwei Wang as emperor. And transferred the imperial court to Yashan. Not long after, Lu Xiufu committed suicide by throwing himself into the sea on the back of Zhao Min, king of Wei. The Southern Song Dynasty perished. Zhang Shijie also died at the foot of Pingzhang mountain in the same year.

Life of the characters

Early experience

Zhang Shijie, fan Yangren. When he was young, he followed Zhang Rou to guard Qizhou. He broke the law, so he fled to Songzhou, where he was a member of huaibing. No one knew his name. Seeing that he thought he was a genius, Ruan Sicong told LV Wende, who recruited him as a primary school. After many meritorious deeds, he was promoted to Huangzhou and Wuding under the control of all the armies. He attacked Anton state and fought fiercely. He made great contributions to rescuing Ezhou with GAODA and transferred his official position to the tenth rank. Soon after, he followed Jia Sidao into Huangzhou, fought on the mane lawn, recaptured what was captured by the enemy, and became an environmental sanitation officer. He successively served as a commander of Gaoyou army and Anton Prefecture.

Stationed in Ezhou

In the fourth year of Xianchun (1268 A.D.), the yuan army built lumen fort. Lu Wende asked the imperial court for more troops and sent Zhang Shijie and Xia GUI to the palace. When LV Wenhuan and Xiangyang surrendered to the yuan army, the court ordered Zhang Shijie to lead 5000 troops to Ezhou. Zhang Shijie blockaded the two cities with iron ropes, sandwiched with guns and crossbows, and scattered wooden piles and set attack equipment in the important places. The yuan army broke through the new town and drove down. Zhang Shijie fought hard, so that the yuan army could not advance. The yuan army sent people to surrender him, but Zhang Shijie did not obey. Boyan Yang, the Prime Minister of the Yuan Dynasty, attacked Yan shanai openly and entered the Han River from the Tang harbor with a water army. He attacked Ezhou in the East and surrendered.

The king of Qin Dynasty

Zhang Shijie led his troops to Wei Lin'an and then passed through Raozhou before entering the imperial court. At that time, he was in a critical situation. Most of the generals were called to rescue the imperial court, but only Zhang Shijie came. Song duzong sighed and marveled. Within a few months, Zhang Shijie was appointed to Baokang army as Chengxuan emissary and General Commander in chief. The generals were sent out to attack in all directions to win the counties in Western Zhejiang and recover the cities of Pingjiang, Anji, Guangde and Liyang. In July, Liu Shiyong and other generals went out to Jiaoshan on a large scale, ordered ten ships to be combined and anchored in the river. They were not allowed to open the anchorage without orders, indicating their determination to die. Commander a Shu of the Yuan Dynasty carried soldiers with full bows and crossbows to attack and merge the ship with rockets. Zhang Shijie's army was in a mess, and no one dared to set sail. More than 10000 people died in the river. Zhang Shijie was defeated and fled to kuaishan. The troops who petitioned the court for help were not answered. Soon he was promoted to commander of dragon, God and Wei Si Xiang. In October, he was promoted to the rank of Yanjiang recruiting envoy, and changed to the rank of deputy envoy, who also knew Jiangyin army. Soon after the yuan army arrived at dusongguan, the imperial court called Wen Tianxiang into the garrison. Zhang Shijie was the governor of Baokang army and knew Pingjiang. Soon after, he was also called into the Wei court, where he was appointed as an official, a school inspector, and a junior security officer.

Moving troops to sea

In the first month of the second year of Deyou (1276 A.D.), the yuan army approached Lin'an. Zhang Shijie asked to transfer the three palaces of the emperor, the queen and the Empress Dowager into the sea, and fought against Wen Tianxiang. Prime Minister Chen Yizhong sent someone to ask for peace with the yuan army. Zhang Shijie disagreed and reported to the Empress Dowager to stop him. Before long, the peace talks ended. When Yuan soldiers arrived at Gaoting mountain, Zhang Shijie led them into Dinghai. Shi Guoying's faction persuades Bian Biao to surrender. Zhang Shijie thinks Bian Biao is coming to accompany him to go south and kill cattle with vertebrae for him to enjoy. When the wine is half eaten, Bian Biao speaks calmly. Zhang Shijie is furious, cuts off his tongue and dismembers him in JINZI mountain.

In April of the second year of Deyou (1276 AD), Zhang Shijie entered Fuzhou with the second king. In May, he and Chen Yizhong honored Zhao Shi as the monarch, and Zhang Shijie was appointed to sign a letter to the Privy Council. Wang Shiqiang led the yuan army to attack the Southern Song Dynasty, so Zhang Shijie served King Yi into the sea, and led Chen diaoyan, Mrs. Xu and other she troops to attack Pu shougeng, but did not conquer. In October, the commander-in-chief of the yuan army led his army to support Quanzhou, and the song army withdrew. After a while, the instigator sent people to surrender to King Yi, and then sent sun Anfu to persuade Zhang Shijie. Zhang Shijie detained sun Anfu in the army and refused to let him go back. The yuan army recruited Liu Shen to attack Qianwan. Zhang Shijie was defeated and moved Yiwang to Jingao. Liu Shen attacked Jingao again. Zhang Shijie defeated Liu Shen and moved to Naozhou.

In the first month of the third year of Jingyan (1278 AD), the yuan army sent Wang Yong, a general, to attack Leizhou, and Wang Yong was defeated. In April, King Yi of the Southern Song Dynasty died, and Zhao Min, King Wei, was appointed emperor. He worshipped Zhang Shijie as a Shaofu and deputy secretary. In May, the yuan sent Qiongzhou to appease Zhang Yingke to attack Leizhou, but the three battles were not smooth. In June, Zhang Yingke was killed in another decisive battle under Leizhou City. Zhang Shijie thought that Naozhou could not live for a long time, so he transferred Zhao Min to Yashan in Xinhui. In August, Zhang Shijie was named Duke of Yue. The imperial court distributed Qiongzhou's grain to the army. In October, the Southern Song Dynasty sent Ling Zhen and Wang Daofu to attack Guangzhou, and Ling Zhen was defeated.

Defeat cliff mountain

In the second year of Xiangxing (1279 AD), the army of Zhang Hongfan, commander of the yuan army, and others arrived at Yashan. Someone said to Zhang Shijie, "if the northern army blocks Haikou with water army, our army can't advance or retreat. Why don't we occupy Haikou first. It's a blessing for the country to win by chance, but if we can't win, we can still retreat to the West. " Zhang Shijie was worried that the captain of the army would be separated at sea, so he said: "when is it a good time to sail at sea for years? It's time to fight the enemy. " All the bazaars in the emperor's temporary residence were burned down, and more than 1000 ships were connected to form a water stronghold. Everyone felt that the situation was dangerous.

Soon after, Zhang Hongfan's soldiers arrived and occupied Haikou. All the roads to collect firewood and water were blocked. After eating dry food for more than ten days, the song army became thirsty and drank the sea water. The sea water tasted salty. After drinking it, they vomited and vented. The song army was extremely tired. Zhang Shijie led Su Liuyi and Fang Xing to fight every day. Zhang Hongfan got Zhang Shijie's nephew surnamed Han, and gave him official posts. He sent him to recruit Zhang Shijie three times. Zhang Shijie counted the ancient kings and ministers and said, "I know that if I surrender, I can not only survive but also be rich, but my ambition to die for the emperor can not be shaken." On February 20, Zhang Hongfan and others attacked Yashan. Zhang Shijie was defeated and retired from the ship of the defending king. When the yuan army approached the song army's central army, Zhang Shijie cut the rope and rushed out of the harbor with 11 big ships. The rest of the people took the army back to the cliff mountain. Liu Zili of the yuan army defeated them and subdued their generals Fang Yulong, ye Xiurong and Zhang Wenxiu.

Drowning in the sea

Zhang Shijie also wants to serve empress dowager Yang and seek a place for the descendants of Zhao family, and then take the picture later. However, Empress Dowager Yang also committed suicide in the sea after hearing about the death of Song Emperor Zhao Min, and Zhang Shijie buried her in the sea. Hurricane suddenly, soldiers advised Zhang Shijie to land, Zhang Shijie said: "no need." Then he ascended the pavilion, and Lu Xiang said, "I've done everything I can for the Zhao family. One king died, another king was established, and now I'm dead again. The reason why I haven't died is that I hope the enemy soldiers will retreat and set up another Zhao family for sacrifice. It's not God's will to be at this point! " Soon after, Zhang Shijie drowned at the foot of Pingzhang mountain (about the sea off Hailing Island in the southwest of Yangjiang City, Guangdong Province).

Historical evaluation

Wen Tianxiang: the reconstruction of Fujian depends on the power of Shijie. However, he had no ambition and had a lot of military resources, but he had to run away. When he reached the top of the three mountains, Shijie sent his troops to fight Shaowu and won a great victory. However, he did not want to defend the country's plan, that is, to rule the sea boat. When he heard that the police had gone to Hainan, he could not do anything in the world. He was also responsible for the battle of Yashan. He did not defend the mountain gate, but made a one word array. Therefore, all the ships were tied up and could not move. They could not attack people, but were only attacked. They were reluctant to change, but they only obeyed the law.

Zhou Mi: after Shi Jie died, Zhang Ba collected his legacy and sent the boat back to Yongjia. Zhou Wenying killed him. Zhou got the two beauties Shijie loved. He knew the number of gold and silk for the army. He knew that there were dozens of boats. So Shijie is greedy and lustful? However, the supply of gold and silk to the army is not private property. China has no home, and its dependents are with the army. It is not lustful. In the battle of Yashan, I was afraid that the soldiers would be scattered easily, so even the ships were connected, so the soldiers would die. Loyal officials and righteous people, when in danger, have their own opinions and don't have to agree with each other.

Zhao Wenlian: the deeds of Zhan, Guang, Xiufu, Shijie, Kun Yao, Shi CE. The later theorists all look up to his style and ambition, and want to see him as a person.

Zhao Yi: later, when Deyou was defeated, he was able to fight, especially Zhang Shijie.

Cai Dongfan: when he Wen, Zhang and Lu traveled all over the world, they could not return. They were especially lamentable and admirable. It is a corner where the Six Harmonies are all over and the city can't defend the island. Knowing that it's useless, it turns out to be a love fool. Later generations may laugh at its pedantry. They don't know the current situation. There is no reason to exist. Wen, Zhang and Lu are all in my heart. After reading Zhuge Wuhou's Houchu Shibiao, it is said at the end of the article: "to devote oneself to one's work, to die before one's death, and to be blunt in success or failure is not to be seen." Most loyal officials and righteous people have been like this for thousands of years? The Song Dynasty died, but the gang and Chang did not die. Therefore, Hu's fortune was less than a hundred years old and he returned to the Ming Dynasty. It was for one generation's sake, but for a hundred generations' sake, it was fortunate.

Xiong Yi: that's right

Chinese PinYin : Zhang Shi Jie