Zhao Dengyu

Zhao Dengyu

Zhao Dengyu (1898-1937) was born in Zhaolou village, duzhuang Township, Heze County, Shandong Province. He was a martyr of Anti Japanese War and a member of the Chinese Kuomintang. In 1914, Zhao Dengyu joined Feng Yuxiang's army and served as Feng's bodyguard. He joined the northern expedition with Feng. Later, he was reorganized by the Kuomintang army and returned to be the commander of the 28th brigade. After Feng Yuxiang's defeat, Feng's troops were reorganized and Zhao Dengyu was appointed commander of 109 brigade of 37th division of 29th army. On July 28, 1937, when he fought against Japan, he died for his country. At the age of 39, he was the first division commander to fight against Japan and die for his country.

In memory of Zhao Dengyu, after the victory of the Anti Japanese war in 1945, the Beiping municipal government named the road from chongyuanguan south to Taipingqiao "Zhao Dengyu road"; a street on the West Bank of the ancient canal in Tongxian County of Beiping was named "Zhao Dengyu Street". After the founding of new China, the people's government confirmed Zhao Dengyu as an anti Japanese martyr. In September 2009, Zhao Dengyu was selected as "100 heroes and models who have made outstanding contributions to the founding of new China" by 11 departments including the Central Propaganda Department and the central organization department.

Life of the characters

Childhood

Zhao Dengyu was born in Mudan District, Heze City, Shandong Province in 1898. He entered a private school at the age of 7 and dropped out of school two years later because of family difficulties. When he was 13 years old, he practiced martial arts with a famous teacher and had a good command of martial arts. He was good at Taiji, Bagua, Shaolin and other boxing skills, as well as weapons such as knives, spears, swords and halberds. He was especially good at grabbing swords with bare hands and spears with bare hands. When he was 16 years old, he, his brother Zhao dengyao and many friends climbed mountains and waded through rivers, walked more than 1800 miles to Tongguan, Shaanxi, and joined the 16 mixed brigade led by general Feng Yuxiang.

Revolutionary years

In the spring of 1914, Zhao Dengyu, who had just turned 16, left his hometown with his second elder brother Zhao dengyao and his village friends Zhao Xueli and Zhao Quansheng, and embarked on the journey of joining the army. After a lot of hardships, he became a vice soldier in the 3rd Battalion of the 1st regiment of Feng Yuxiang's 16th brigade.

In 1916, Feng Yuxiang's troops were stationed in Tongzhou, Langfang and Tianjin. In a military parade, Zhao Dengyu was favored by Feng Yuxiang for his outstanding martial arts skills and became a bodyguard.

In the spring of 1922, the first Zhifeng war broke out; Zhao Dengyu served as the vanguard platoon leader of sun Liangcheng regiment to attack Fengjun artillery positions; he captured more than 100 guns and returned home with complete victory, so he was promoted to the first company commander. In November of the same year, the famous "Nanyuan military training" began.

In 1930, Zhao Dengyu followed Feng Yuxiang to participate in the "Central Plains war". After the defeat, Feng's troops were reorganized, and Zhao Dengyu was appointed commander of 109 brigade of 37th division of 29th army.

On September 18, 1931, the Japanese army launched the September 18 Incident of invading Northeast China. At the beginning of 1933, the Japanese Army led the war to the front line of the Great Wall. Zhao Dengyu was ordered to lead 109 brigades from Jixian to guard the xifengkou position. He repelled the Japanese attack and held the great wall position.

In the xifengkou battle, more than 5000 Japanese soldiers were killed and 18 cannons were destroyed, which was the first great victory since the September 18th Incident. It was known as the "xifengkou victory" in history. After the Great Wall Anti Japanese War, the 29th army was transferred back to Chahar province for garrison, and Zhao Dengyu was promoted to division commander of 132 division and awarded the rank of lieutenant general.

In the autumn of 1933, the 29th army entered the chakra, and Zhao Dengyu led the 132nd division to garrison Zhangbei County. During this period, in order to annex chakra, the Japanese garrison often sent special agents to harass dushikou and other places for provocation. In September of the same year, after Zhao Dengyu led his troops to enter Zhangbei County, Chahar Province, he "made" two "Zhangbei events" which caused a sensation.

On October 27, 1934, eight Japanese soldiers passed by Zhangbei, not only failing to accept the inspection requirements of Zhao Dengyu's troops according to the regulations, but also deliberately carrying out provocations. In order to safeguard national dignity, Zhao Dengyu ordered to select 100 strong soldiers, hold the rifles with bright bayonets, chant slogans and walk forward in front of the eight Japanese.

In August 1935, Zhao Dengyu and his troops moved to Beiping with the 29th army.

On July 7, 1937, the Lugouqiao Incident broke out. Song Zheyuan, commander of the 29th army, appointed Zhao Dengyu as commander of Nanyuan, who was in charge of Nanyuan. Together with Tong linge, deputy commander, he was responsible for commanding all the military forces of Nanyuan.

Heroic sacrifice

On July 26, 1937, Zhao Dengyu was ordered by the commander song Zheyuan to take charge of the defense of Peiping in Nanyuan. After six hours of bloody battle with the Japanese army, he was unfortunately hit in the chest by the ambush of the Japanese army on the way to assembly and died at the age of 39.

member of family

Anecdotes and allusions

Tiger fighting general

At the turn of spring and summer in 1919, when Feng Yuxiang's troops were stationed in Changde, Hunan Province, he heard that tigers hurt people and animals in the north of the city. Once, Zhao Dengyu and his comrades in arms were practicing field combat in Deshan. During the training, they found a fierce tiger. The soldiers chased and fought with the residents on the mountain. Zhao Dengyu rushed in front of the tiger and fired several shots, all of which hit the tiger's vital points. Finally, the tiger ran into the river. The soldiers dragged the tiger up and sent it to Feng Yuxiang. Feng Yuxiang was very happy. Afterwards, Feng Yuxiang asked the photo studio in the city to take a picture of Zhao Dengyu riding on the back of a tiger and waving his fist. On July 28, 1937, Zhao Dengyu died in the Anti Japanese war in Beiping. On July 31, Feng Yuxiang found this photo in Nanjing and inscribed it with "the general fighting tiger in 1918" as a memorial.

Capture the bandit leader bravely

In 1921, when Feng Yuxiang was suppressing bandits in Shaanxi, he set up a "Hongmen banquet" to capture the local bandit leader Guo Jian. Unexpectedly, before "throwing the cup as the number", the ambush fighting to see the people fighting for wine actually squeezed down the screen, exposing the plot. When Guo Jian wanted to shoot Feng, Zhao Dengyu subdued Guo Jian. He twisted Guo Jian's neck because of his swift attack.

Character evaluation

Mao Zedong once spoke highly of Zhao Dengyu as "a glorious and heroic sacrifice in the sacred task" and "a lofty and great model for the whole Chinese people".

Feng Yuxiang personally wrote on the photo "general fighting tiger in the seventh year of the Republic of China" to praise Zhao Dengyu.

Feng Yuxiang praised Zhao Dengyu in his collection of articles for public sacrifice: "the trunk is strong, the Brawn is strong, and the attack is skillful.".

Zhao Xuefen said: "my father's hands are so coincident. I heard that his collection of antiques is broken. He repaired them himself."

In 1937, the national salvation times once commented on Zhao Dengyu as "fighting to the last drop of blood, honorably completing the bounden duty of protecting the country and defending the people, and being a model of the national soldiers."

In 1939, Japan published "the history of the war on the mainland" and commented on Zhao Dengyu: "nightmares in the daytime.".

In September 2009, Zhao Dengyu was selected as "100 heroes and models who have made outstanding contributions to the founding of new China" by 11 departments including the Central Propaganda Department and the central organization department.

Commemoration of later generations

confer posthumously

On July 31, 1937, the Nanjing National Government issued a commendation order to posthumously award Zhao Dengyu as an army general.

In 1946, all walks of life in Beiping held a public memorial ceremony for Zhao Dengyu and Tong linge. In 1952, at the proposal of Mrs. Feng Yuxiang and Minister of health Li Dequan, Chairman Mao Zedong issued the "Beijing No. 80 Memorial card for the families of revolutionary martyrs" for Zhao Dengyu's relatives.

After the founding of the people's Republic of China, the Central People's Government commended General Zhao Dengyu for his heroic deeds and confirmed him as a martyr of Anti Japanese war.

statue

In 1985, the Chinese people's Revolutionary Military Museum in Beijing made a statue of General Zhao Dengyu.

emperor's mausoleum

After the public memorial ceremony in Zhongshan Park on July 28, 1946, he Jifeng, under the order of Feng Zhengan, went to Peiping to pick up Zhao Dengyu's coffin from Longquan Temple the next day and transport it to the hillside of xidaokou, 2km east of Lugou bridge for burial.

During the cultural revolution, the tomb of martyr Zhao Dengyu was dug up by the red guards to steal "gold and silver treasures". After getting nothing, they smashed the tomb and left, leaving no remains. Zhao Dengyu's tomb was rebuilt in 1980 in Wenzi mountain, east of Lugouqiao city. On the front of the tombstone is engraved: "Tomb of General Zhao Dengyu, anti Japanese martyr (1898-1937)". From 1980 to 2003, Beijing municipal government and Fengtai District government renovated, expanded and erected steles for martyr Zhao Dengyu's tomb three times, and listed them as key martyr memorial building protection units.

Zhao Dengyu Road

On November 25, 1946, He Siyuan, then the mayor of Peiping, issued the "Fu Mi Zi No. 729 instruction", naming the three roads in the urban area as Zhao Dengyu Road, Tong linge road and Zhang Zizhong road in memory of the Anti Japanese heroes. These three place names are preserved in New China and are still in use today.

Zhaodengyu road is located in the north of Xicheng District, Beijing, starting from Xizhimennei street in the north and fuchengmennei street in the south. After the peaceful liberation of Peiping, the second plenary session of the seventh CPC Central Committee was held in Xibaipo. There were two resolutions in the plenary session: one was to decide that the central leading organs should move into Beijing, and the other was not to use the name of the central leader to name the street names after entering the city. Tong linge, Zhao Dengyu and Zhang Zizhong's Anti Japanese achievements were recognized by the people's Republic of China. This is why the three streets named by the Kuomintang's Beiping government before liberation continued to be used in New China.

Zhaodengyu Street

Originally named Dongguan Street, it was formed outside the east gate of Tongzhou city by the river in the Ming Dynasty. It has been used as a warehouse and trading street for more than 600 years. In 1946, Zhao Dengyu street was renamed in memory of Anti Japanese General Zhao Dengyu; in 1981, its original name was restored; in October 1985, it was renamed "Zhao Dengyu Street" to commemorate the 40th anniversary of the victory of the Anti Japanese war.

Memorial Hall

In 2014, the opening ceremony of the memorial hall of General Zhao Dengyu's deeds was held in Beijing Zhao Dengyu school to commemorate the 69th anniversary of the victory of the Anti Japanese war. The memorial hall is composed of seven parts, with a large number of full and accurate pictures, words, images and physical materials to witness the tenacious life of General Zhao Dengyu

Chinese PinYin : Zhao Deng Yu