Wu Sha

Wu Sha

Wu Sha (1731-1798), a native of Zhangpu County, Zhangzhou, Fujian Province, is the "ancestor of Kailan" in Taiwan.

summary

In 1773, Wu Sha, a native of Taiwan, gathered and led the immigrants from Zhangzhou, Quanzhou and Guangdong to reclaim Ilan.

In the ninth year of Yongzheng (1731), Wu Sha was born in daweitou, Yuanfang, a small mountain city outside the west gate of Zhangpu County. In 1773, he came to Taiwan from his native place. He first lived in Tanshui and then moved to sandiao society.

It is said that when the land in the south, West, central and north of Taiwan was basically reclaimed, Ilan, located in the northeast, was still a thorny land infested by poisonous snakes and beasts, and was occupied by fierce fanren. Therefore, it was not easy to reclaim Ilan. Wu Sha lived in sandiao society at the beginning. Sandiao was separated from Yilan by a mountain. He lived in Tongfan city. That is to say, he sold herbs, cloth, salt, sugar, knives and other goods to sandiao society, and then exchanged mountain goods such as birds, animals, wood and other things from sandiao society to Han people. He soon made a lot of money. Because Wu Sha had a good faith in Tongfan City, which is what we call honesty. He got the love of fan people and married a "fan Fu". After he got the position of "fan Mu", he helped the immigrants from Zhangzhou, Quanzhou and Guangdong to go to the mountains to cut trees and extract vines for self-sufficiency. Many people were attached to him. In Tongfan City, he saw that there was a wasteland in the middle of Yilan. The people of Tongfan were not good at farming and did not cherish it, so he decided to cultivate it.

In 1787, Wusha began to plan to reclaim Ilan. Taking sandiao as the base, he made careful and full preparations for the reclamation of Ilan, which took nine years. The first factor of reclaiming Ilan is labor. In order to gather manpower, Wu Sha first tried to reclaim land in Gongliao and built houses on the spot, so that the people who took refuge in him could have farmland and houses. At the same time, they built roads in the mountains of sandiao society. The people who came to take refuge in sandiao society gave them a bucket of rice and an axe, so that they could go into the mountains to cut firewood and extract vines to solve the temporary living expenses. Because Wu Sha was a chivalrous man and had a good relationship, more than 1000 immigrants took refuge in him, nine out of ten of whom were from Zhangzhou.

The biggest obstacle to the reclamation of Ilan is the "disaster", which determines that the reclamation of Ilan must be carried out by armed forces. In order to ensure the success of the reclamation, Wu Saud entrusted Xu Tiansong, Zhu He, Gongzhang and other friends who were familiar with Fanqing and engaged in fange to help explain the planning of the reclamation. He organized more than 200 strong men as the forerunners to protect the reclamation people from the harm of fange, and arranged 23 people who knew Fanyu to accompany him. It needs a huge amount of money to cultivate Ilan to meet the needs of people's livelihood, such as clothing, food and housing, and the production of farm tools, seeds and transportation. With his good reputation, Wu Sha has been helped by Tanshui tycoons Ke Youcheng, he Hui, Zhao Longsheng, etc. The reclamation of Ilan still needs the approval and support of the government. There are 36 communities scattered in Ilan, Pingpu fan, which is a place outside the border. The Qing government did not want to offend the fan people because it was outside the border, and was afraid that the Han people would take it as a hiding place to make trouble. Wu Sha is law-abiding, and has repeatedly helped the government to capture the bandits with his excellent command skills. He has won the trust of Xu Menglin, the Tanshui Tongzhi, and made the reclamation of Ilan acquiesced by the government.

Character experience

Wu Sha was born in the ninth year of Yongzheng (1731). He is good at chivalry and justice, but he doesn't want to make a living when he is young. In 1773, when he was 42 years old, he crossed the sea to Taiwan with his wife Chuang shuniang, 20 years younger than him, and his son Guangyi, 3 years old. After Wu Sha arrived in Taiwan, he first worked in the chicken coops (today's Keelung) in Tanshui, and then made a living in the sandiao society. At that time, the Han people seldom came to sandiao and gamalang. Therefore, this place was regarded as a place outside China.

Wu Sha lived in sandiao for a period of time. He often went to gamaland to cut wood and rattan, and contacted with "fanmin". Later, he exchanged salt, cloth and other daily necessities with "fanmin" in exchange for animal skins and antlers. This is the industry known as "fanmowing". The government banned the trade of "mowing", but Wu Sha still chose the trade which can obtain high profits and has risks. Wu Sha is forthright and faithful, and has won the trust of the "fanmin". They are willing to trade with Wu Sha. Some poor people who made a living in Taiwan are also famous for coming to take refuge in Wu Sha. Wu Sha gave each of them a bucket of rice and an axe, taught them to go into the mountains to cut trees and take vines, and helped them make a living. In this way, more and more poor people came to take refuge.

In 1787, Wu Sha planned to reclaim kamalan. He first sent some people to the vicinity of the "fanshe" to cut through thorns and thorns and avoid a road. Karmalan, also known as "Gezai Nan" (today's Ilan), is a natural fertile soil with broad land and separate streams. It can cultivate thousands of hectares of fertile land. As early as the 33rd year of Qianlong (1768), a man named Lin Hansheng called the masses to reclaim the land in kamalan. He was killed because he didn't have a good relationship with the "fanmin". Since then, no one has dared to ask for help any more.

In the first year of Jiaqing (1796), on the 16th of the ninth lunar month, Wu Sha led the people to the south of wushigang in kamalan to build a soil enclosure for reclamation, which is called "Touwei", which is today's Toucheng. The "fanmin" resisted and suffered a lot of casualties. Wu Sha Di and Wu Li were killed, so they did not dare to continue to reclaim. Wu Sha thought that we must do a good job in ethnic relations before we can go into reclamation. He sent someone to tell the "fanmin" that "the pirates came to occupy kamalang and wanted to kill the fanmin. We were ordered by the government to defend here and protect the fankentian. We have no other intention.". The "fanmin" believed and doubted, and the struggle gradually subsided. In the second year of Jiaqing (1797), smallpox disease was prevalent in Pingpu village of 36 community in karma, and many people died. Mrs. Wu Sha's wife, Zhuang xianniang, was well versed in medicine. She collected medicine and made it into medicine. Wu Sha sent people to send medicine to cure and save hundreds of people. As a result, the reclamation was carried out smoothly. In less than one year, the land has been developed for tens of miles. Then, Wu Sha asked the Department of freshwater for a reclamation license and a seal, allowing him to set up his own laws and regulations. Wu Sha called together the tenant farmers, made a village agreement, and collected rent grain. They also organized manpower to cut trees and build roads. They set up 11 aisiao in the important places of the valley. They recruited Ding Zhuang to guard and patrol day and night to protect the safety of the past travel. The number of defectors increased day by day and the land reclaimed became wider and wider. In 1798, Wu Sha died of overwork at the age of 67.

Wu Hua, Wu Sha's nephew, inherited Wu Sha's ambition and continued to reclaim and manage the reclaimed land. In 1810, the Qing government approved the setting up of the karmalan hall in Wuwei, Nanji, Gezai. Karmalan Tongzhi set up "wushazhao achievement monument" in karmalan to commemorate Wu Sha's achievements in developing Ilan.

Chinese PinYin : Wu Sha