Shi Cuntong

Shi Cuntong

Shi Cuntong (1898-1970), an early activist and leader of the Communist Party. One of the earliest members of the Communist Party of China participated in the formation of the Tokyo Communist group. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, he once served as vice minister of the Ministry of labor, vice chairman of the Democratic founding Committee, member of the Standing Committee of the National Committee of the Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference, member of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, etc. Shi Cuntong did a lot of work when he was Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League. The Communist International's letter to the Chinese Socialist Youth League fully affirmed Shi Cuntong.

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Shi Cuntong is a native of Ye Village, Yuandong Township, Jindong District, Jinhua City, Zhejiang Province. Its original name is Shi Cuntong, Fu Liang, and Fu Liang. Its alias is Fu Tu and its alias is Fang Guochang.

He studied in Zhejiang provincial first normal school in 1917.

In 1920, he joined the Shanghai Communist group, participated in the establishment of the Marxist Research Association, and became one of the earliest members of the Communist Party of China. In 1922, he was elected secretary of the Central Committee of the Youth League (the first term).

He taught in Shanghai University in 1924. Later, he taught political economy in Sun Yat sen University, Huangpu Military Academy and Guangzhou Peasant Movement Institute.

In 1927, he was the instructor and director of the Political Department of the central military and political school of Wuchang. He broke away from the Communist Party of China after the failure of the great revolution.

He is also a professor of Marxist theory and translation at Guangxi University of mainland China. During the Anti Japanese War, he was one of the leaders of the National Salvation Association in cultural circles, and organized the democratic foundation association with Huang Yanpei and Zhang Naiqi.

In 1949, he attended the first plenary session of the Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference and was elected to the Standing Committee of the first CPPCC National Committee. He later served as vice minister of the Ministry of labor. He was elected to the Standing Committee and vice chairman of the Central Committee of the people's Republic of China. He is a member of the Standing Committee of the second and third National People's Congress.

He died in Beijing on November 29, 1970. His works include modern materialism, modern economic history of China, a brief introduction to capital system, an outline of world history, and social evolution.

His son is the famous composer Shi Guangnan.

Life of the characters

He was born in Dongye village, Jindong District, Jinhua City, Zhejiang Province in the winter of 1898. My grandfather, Shi Changchun, has been farming for generations. My grandmother, Xu, knew the words roughly. Grandmother has a strong character, hard work, suffering hardships. Although Shi Fuliang's family was poor since he was a child, he vowed to study hard for his parents in the future. She also taught Shi Fuliang that if he was an official, he should be honest and upright. He should not be greedy for money and do practical things for the common people. These teachings had a great influence on Shi Fuliang's life.

Shi Fuliang entered a private school at the age of 9 and studied four books and five classics. Two years later, he transferred to Jinhua Changshan primary school. He studies hard, especially in his composition, and has always been among the best in the school.

In 1917, funded by his great uncle, he was admitted to Zhejiang first normal school in Hangzhou.

In the spring of 1919, due to overwork and lack of nutrition, her mother lost her sight, suffered from other diseases, and was unable to get medical treatment due to poverty. At the same time, she was beaten, scolded and abused by her father, and finally died prematurely. She was only 45 years old. Shi Fuliang's mother's early death stimulated him a lot. He kept thinking hard: China has always advocated "filial piety" and "filial piety comes first". I love my mother, but my father abused her. If I want to be filial to my mother, I have to oppose my father. However, if I want to be filial to my father, I can't oppose him. Just at this time, "Zhejiang new trend" asked him for a draft, and Shi Fuliang wrote "non filial piety". He thinks that it is unreasonable to be devoted to filial piety, and the unequal "filial piety" should be replaced by equal love between parents and children. As soon as this article was published, there was a public outcry that it was a monster and a traitor of Confucius. Shi Fuliang was forced to leave the school because of the rebellious spirit against the old feudal tradition throughout the article. This is the "one division trend" which caused a sensation.

In April 1920, Shi Cuntong and Yu Xiusong planned to go from Shanghai to Zhangzhou, Fujian Province, to join the army and Chen Jiongming, who is known as the "socialist general". During his stay in Shanghai, Shi Cuntong was introduced by Yu Xiusong and met Dai Jitao, who also met the famous Chen Duxiu. Both Dai Jitao and Chen Duxiu appreciated this brave young man who wrote "non filial piety". When Dai Jitao knew that they wanted to take refuge in Chen Jiongming, he persuaded them to "take refuge in the army rather than in the factory". After being convinced, they decided to stay in Shanghai and first stay in the weekly review. At the same time, they planned to work in the factory. However, Shi Cuntong was suffering from lung disease at that time, so he had to give up his plan to work in the factory for the time being.

In April 1920, weijinsky was sent to China by the Foreign Affairs Office of Vladivostok branch of Far East Bureau of the Russian Communist Party (Bolshevik). After weijinsky arrived in Shanghai, in May of the same year, Chen Duxiu initiated the establishment of the "Marxist Research Association" in Shanghai. Its members include Chen Duxiu, Shi Cuntong, Yu Xiusong, Yang Mingzhai, Dai Jitao, Li Hanjun, Shen xuanlu, Chen Wangdao, and Dai Jitao Shi Cuntong, Yu Xiusong and Shen xuanlu participated in the discussion and revision of the party platform. In June 1920, Chen Duxiu, Shi Cuntong, Yu Xiusong, Li Hanjun and Chen gongpei held a meeting at Chen Duxiu's apartment No.2, laoyuyangli, Shanghai. They decided to establish the Communist Party and initially named it the social Communist Party. These five members are the earliest five members in the history of the Communist Party of China.

On June 20, 1920, with the support of Dai Jitao, Shi Cuntong took a boat from Shanghai to Japan to study and recuperate. In Tokyo, Japan, Shi Cuntong often maintained correspondence with Chen Duxiu and Li Da in Shanghai to discuss issues related to Party building. Chen Duxiu and Li Da also introduced Shi Cuntong's contact with Zhou Fohai, who was studying in Kagoshima No.7 University in Japan, and established the Japanese group of the Communist Party of China, later known as the Communist group in Japan. Chen Duxiu also appointed Shi Cuntong as the leader of the group. When the Communist group in Japan was just established, its development was slow. Before the first National Congress of the Communist Party of China, only Shi Cuntong and Zhou Fohai were members. When they received a letter from Shanghai Communist group Li Da and Li Hanjun asking to send representatives to attend the first National Congress of the Communist Party of China, they elected each other as their representatives. Because Zhou Fohai had not returned to China for many years, they finally decided that Zhou Fohai should be their representative Hai attended the first National Congress of the Communist Party of China on behalf of the Japanese Communist group. During this period, Shi Cuntong saw many banned books in Japan, and he extensively studied Marxist theory books. Japanese Communist researcher Kawakami had a great influence on him, and Shi Cuntong's level of Marxist theory has been greatly improved. And began his own revolutionary career. His translations of the outline of capital and the theory of social evolution are highly appreciated by readers.

After the first National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Communist group in Japan developed rapidly, with more than 10 members, including Peng Pai, who later became the "peasant king", and Shi Cuntong was still the leader of the group. In August 1921, in order to hold the first Congress of the Communist parties and national revolutionary groups in the Far East, Zhang Tailei, a member of the Communist International, came to Tokyo. He was introduced by Shi Cuntong and got in touch with Japanese Communists. Unfortunately, Shi Cuntong was arrested with some Japanese Communists in December of the same year. After more than 10 days in Tokyo prison, Shi Cuntong was arrested in January 1922 Japan was deported and repatriated.

After returning to China, Shi Cuntong was appointed by the CPC Central Committee to resume the work of the Chinese Socialist Youth League. On May 5, 1922, the first National Congress of the Chinese Socialist Youth League was held in Guangzhou. At that time, representatives from all over the country attended the Congress. Among them were Liu Shaoqi and Yi Lirong from Hunan Province, Deng Zhongxia from Beijing, Tan Pingshan and Chen Gongbo from Guangdong, he Chang and Gao Junyu from Taiyuan, Zhang Tailei and Cai Hesen, and Cai Hesen also attended the conference At the meeting, Yu Xiusong, Cai Hesen and Zhang Tailei were elected members of the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League, and Shi Cuntong was elected secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League. Therefore, Shi Cuntong was the real first Secretary of the Communist Youth League Central Committee. At the end of 1922, the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League moved from Shanghai to Beijing with the Party Central Committee.

At that time, the relationship between the Party Central Committee and the League Central Committee was very close. In August 1923, the second National Congress of the Chinese Socialist Youth League was held at Nanjing Southeast University. About 30 representatives attended the conference, including Lin Yunan of Hubei Province, Liu Renjing and Deng Zhongxia of Beijing, Qu Qiubai and Yun Daiying. Because Shi Cuntong suffered from severe neurasthenia, he resigned from all the positions of the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League at the meeting. After discussion at the meeting, he agreed to Shi Cuntong's request, so he left the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League. After leaving the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League, Shi Cuntong came to teach in the Sociology Department of Shanghai University in the autumn of 1923. In October 1924, Qu Qiubai was wanted by the reactionary authorities and left school. Shi Cuntong took over the post of director of sociology department.

In 1926, the national revolutionary army began the northern expedition. Shi Fuliang was wanted by the warlord sun Chuanfang. The party organization arranged Shi Fuliang to go to Guangzhou. In Guangzhou, Shi Fuliang taught political economy in Huangpu Military Academy and Guangzhou Peasant Movement Institute. In February 1927, the party organization transferred Shi Fuliang and his wife to Wuhan Central Military Academy as instructors. Later, the students of the Central Military Academy and the students of the peasant movement training institute were ordered to be reorganized into the central independent division, with Yun Daiying as the party representative and Shi Fuliang as the director of the political department. His wife, Zhong Fuguang, submitted an application to join the party.

In 1927, Chiang Kai Shek and Wang Jingwei groups mutinied and revolutionized one after another, and white terror enveloped the whole country. Shi Fuliang felt that the future of the Communist Party was hopeless. Ideologically, he was not only opposed to the massacre policy of the Kuomintang, but also dissatisfied with the uprising of the Communist Party. After a fierce ideological struggle, Shi Fuliang wrote "confession of grief" and published it in the supplement of the Central Daily on August 30, 1927, making a public statement be divorced from

Chinese PinYin : Shi Cun Tong