Yang Jingyu

Yang Jingyu

Yang Jingyu (February 1905 - February 23, 1940), male, Han nationality, formerly known as Ma Shangde, is a native of Liwan village, Queshan County, Henan Province. He is an outstanding member of the Communist Party of China, a proletarian revolutionist, a militarist and a famous Anti Japanese national hero. He is one of the founders of the Soviet Area of Hubei, Henan and Anhui and its red army, and one of the main founders and leaders of the Northeast Anti Japanese coalition.

In 1932, he was entrusted by the CPC Central Committee to organize the Anti Japanese coalition in Northeast China, and successively served as the commander-in-chief and political commissar of the Anti Japanese coalition. He led the Northeast Army and the Japanese invaders in a bloody battle between the White Mountains and the black waters. Under the emergency of ice, snow and running out of ammunition and food, he finally fought with a large number of Japanese invaders alone for several days and then died. General Yang Jingyu was rated as one of the 100 heroic models who made outstanding contributions to the founding of new China.

On September 1, 2014, it was listed in the list of the first batch of 300 famous Anti Japanese heroes and heroes published by the Ministry of civil affairs.

Life of the characters

Take part in the revolution

Yang Jingyu was born in February 1905 (there are three versions of the specific date: February 13, 16, 26) in a peasant family in Liwan village of Queshan county (now belongs to Yicheng District of Zhumadian City). He lost his father when he was young, and his family was poor. He was taken care of by his mother.

In 1923, at the age of 18, he was admitted to Kaifeng textile and dyeing industrial school of Henan Province. At school, he secretly participated in revolutionary activities. Later, he was dispatched by the party organization and returned to Queshan to engage in the peasant movement. In 1925, Yang Jingyu actively participated in the May 30th anti imperialist patriotic movement.

In 1926, he joined the Communist Youth League of China. At this time, the peasant movement was booming all over the country. Dispatched by the Communist Party of China, Yang Jingyu returned from Kaifeng to Queshan to carry out the peasant movement.

At the beginning of 1927, there were more than 10000 members of Queshan County farmers' Association. Yang Jingyu was elected chairman of Queshan County farmers' Association. In April of that year, Yang Jingyu took part in and led tens of thousands of peasants in Queshan to hold a riot, expel the warlords and capture the county seat of Queshan. In May of the same year, Yang Jingyu joined the Communist Party of China. After the "August 7th" meeting of the CPC Central Committee, Yang Jingyu took part in launching the Autumn Harvest Uprising in Liudian. He successively established the earliest County-Level Agricultural and industrial revolutionary regime led by the CPC - the temporary public security committee of Queshan County, and the first county-level Soviet regime in Henan Province - the Revolutionary Committee of Queshan county. He also established the first revolutionary armed force in Henan Province - the revolutionary army of Queshan County farmers (later named Southern Henan) The workers' and peasants' revolutionary army. From then on, the prelude of Henan Agrarian Revolutionary War was opened. He has successively served as commander in chief of Queshan County peasant revolutionary army, chairman of Queshan County peasant association, acting chairman of temporary public security committee, member of South Henan special committee and Secretary of Xinyang County Party committee.

After 1928, he engaged in secret revolutionary work in Henan and Northeast China. He was arrested and imprisoned five times, repeatedly tortured and unyielding.

In the spring of 1929, Yang Jingyu was transferred to the northeast, and the Manchuria Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China appointed him as the Secretary of the Fushun Special Branch of the Communist Party of China. Zhang Guanyi, a pseudonym, went deep into Fushun coal mine, contacted the workers, restored and rebuilt the damaged party organization, and led the workers to fight against the Japanese miners who occupied Chinese coal mines.

Anti Japanese work

In 1931, after the September 18th Incident, he served as the leader of the Northeast Anti Japanese Federation. Later, he was appointed as the first Secretary of the CPC Harbin Municipal Committee, member of the Manchuria Provincial Party committee, and soon served as the Acting Secretary of the Military Commission of the Manchuria Provincial Party committee.

In November 1932, as a representative of the provincial Party committee, he was sent to Nanman to reorganize the party organizations, anti Japanese guerrillas and volunteers in various counties, set up the Nanman guerrillas of the 32nd army of the Chinese workers' and peasants' Red Army and the Hailong guerrillas of the 37th army as political commissars, and established a guerrilla base centered on Panshi HONGSHILAZI.

In the autumn of 1933, according to the instructions of the CPC Central Committee on the establishment of a national anti Japanese United Front under the leadership of the party in the northeast, the independent division of the first army of the Northeast People's revolutionary army was established on the basis of the Nanman guerrillas and Hailong guerrillas. Yang Jingyu served as division commander and political commissar.

In February 1934, the independent division of the first army of the Northeast People's revolutionary army held a meeting with 16 Anti Japanese armed forces in southern Manchuria to establish the general headquarters of the Northeast Anti Japanese United Army, and Yang Jingyu was elected as the General Commander. In November of the same year, the first Congress of the Communist Party of China in southern Manchuria was held, the provisional special committee of Southern Manchuria was established, and the first army of the Northeast People's revolutionary army was formally established, with Yang Jingyu as commander and political commissar. After the establishment of the 1st army, Yang Jingyu used flexible tactical principles to lead the army to defeat the enemy's "crusade" in autumn and rapidly expand the guerrilla area. The Sixth Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China once sent a telegram to express sympathy to the Northeast Anti Japanese armed forces represented by Yang Jingyu, praising him as "a model who has been fighting with the enemy in ice and snow for more than seven years without fear of hardship".

In August 1935, the Manchuria Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China decided to establish the Northeast Anti Japanese joint army on the basis of the Northeast People's revolutionary army, the Anti Japanese United Army and the guerrillas under the leadership of the party. Yang Jingyu was appointed commander and political commissar of the first army of the anti Japanese joint army. In June 1936, the first and second armies of the Anti Japanese coalition army were combined into the first route army of the Anti Japanese coalition army, and Yang Jingyu was appointed commander in chief and political commissar.

After the growth of the Anti Japanese League, many anti Japanese teams around Tonghua, Fengtian (Shenyang), Jilin (Shenyang), Andong (Dandong) and Fengdong railway joined the 1st Route Army of the Anti Japanese League one after another, and dealt a powerful blow to the Japanese aggressors in the southeast of Jilin and Liaodong. The Japanese aggressors called Yang Jingyu's troops "cancer of social order in dongbiandao" and called the Anti Japanese Alliance's activity area "cancer zone".

In 1936, the Japanese aggressors transferred to the Japanese Mukden training regiment, under the command of major general Sanmu, commander of the southern Manchu "crusade" of the Guandong army, and with the cooperation of Shao Benliang, the traitor's "commander of suppressing bandits in dongbiandao", in an attempt to eliminate our anti Japanese Coalition. In the face of the great disparity between the enemy and us, Yang Jingyu led the Anti Japanese United forces to adopt ingenious and circuitous tactics to avoid the enemy's edge, lure the enemy into depth, and consume the enemy's strength. Yang Jingyu made the soldiers give the false impression of a hasty retreat. The troops marched thousands of miles in 18 days and set up an ambush around lishuzi. The enemy was intrigued to enter the ambush circle. Yang Jingyu's command caught the enemy unprepared. After more than four hours of fierce fighting, he annihilated the enemy. Later, Yang Jingyu led a team to encircle Shao Benliang's headquarters and annihilate his main force at one stroke.

In 1937, he served as commander in chief and political commissar of the first route army of the Northeast Anti Japanese United Army, with a basic team of more than 6000 people, distributed in the area of Southern Manchuria to carry out the Anti Japanese struggle. After the Lugouqiao Incident, Yang Jingyu launched the western expedition and often attacked the Japanese army to support the struggle in the pass.

After the "Lugouqiao Incident" broke out in 1937, in order to cooperate with the national anti Japanese War, Yang Jingyu issued the book of denouncing northeast compatriots in response to the Sino Japanese War and the notice of the general headquarters of the first route army of the Northeast Anti Japanese Alliance in the name of the general headquarters of the first route army of the Anti Japanese Alliance, exposing the ambition of Japanese imperialism to invade China and calling on the people of all nationalities in the northeast to unite and drive out the Japanese aggressors. At the same time, they organized the troops to actively carry out Anti Japanese guerrilla warfare in the vast areas of Southern Manchuria, and tried their best to contain the Japanese forces and cooperate with the Anti Japanese war in the pass.

In the middle of July 1937, Yang Jingyu led the troops directly under the 1st army to attack the Japanese train on the railway line on the way to contact the 3rd Division in the west, causing a momentum of resistance against Japan. Not far from huangtougang, Yang Jingyu encountered the Japanese Matsumoto troops and fought fiercely for more than six hours, causing heavy damage to the enemy. After the battle in huangtougang, he led his team to Shahezi, Qingyuan County to meet with the 3rd Division. At the beginning of September, the military attacked the puppet police team supervising the road construction in malugou, Kuandian. After that, Yang Jingyu commanded more than 300 troops directly under the army, and at the same time captured two groups of tribes, Majie and Xiaobao, in the Fifth District of Xingjing county. In late October, the 1st division and other units were ordered to join the 1st army headquarters led by Yang Jingyu and started the battle of annihilating the Japanese garrison at the end of October. At the same time, according to the instructions of the former army in Beijing and kuan'an, Yang actively carried out guerrilla warfare.

At the beginning of 1938, Yang Jingyu led the troops directly under the army from Huanren to Laoling mountain area of Ji'an County to carry out guerrilla warfare and launched an attack on the site of Laoling tunnel project of Tonghua Ji'an railway. In March, a surprise attack on Laoling tunnel paralyzed the enemy's traffic line. In April, he commanded the No.1 Military training regiment to attack Taipinggou police station. In June, two successive attacks on No. 11 and No. 12 laolinghe bridge and Liangzi of tukouzi tunnel project site of Tongji railway burned down the puppet police station, destroyed the tunnel and bridge project, wiped out the Japanese army on the site, and rescued the Chinese workers.

Heroic sacrifice

After being attacked one after another, the Japanese quickly dispatched the puppet army's sojourn brigade to deal with the first route army of the Anti Japanese Federation. It was a mixed brigade composed of a cavalry regiment and two infantry regiments with excellent weapons. After Yang Jingyu got the information, he led a team to set up an ambush at the mouth of mosquito gully. After a fierce battle, three or four hundred people of the Suo brigade were eliminated. At the beginning of August, the sojourn brigade fell into our ambush circle and was completely eliminated.

On November 5, 1938, the Sixth Plenary Session of the enlarged Sixth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued a salute telegram to "the officers, soldiers and political workers of the Northeast Anti Japanese coalition army transferred from commander Yang of the Northeast Anti Japanese coalition army". They spoke highly of the Anti Japanese coalition Army in the northeast area occupied by the enemy, and called its heroic struggle "a struggle of fighting with the enemy in ice and snow for more than seven years without fear of hardship" "Model".

Under the cordial care and encouragement of the Party Central Committee, the first route army of the Anti Japanese Federation moved to Changbai Mountain Area from the winter of 1938 to the spring of 1939, and fought with the second route army. It broke through the enemy's "encirclement and suppression" for many times, attacked the enemy's strongholds and destroyed the enemy's facilities, which gave the Japanese puppet army a great blow and deterrence.

In the autumn and winter of 1939, he organized the Manchurian Anti Japanese puppet army in Southeast China to "crusade" and command the troops to break up into parts and disperse the guerrillas. He led the guard brigade to fight in the area of Mengjiang River, and finally fought alone

Chinese PinYin : Yang Jing Yu