Li Shimin

Li Shimin

Li Shimin (January 28, 598 - July 10, 649) was a native of Didao (now Lintao County, Gansu Province). The second emperor of Tang Dynasty (626-649), politician, strategist, militarist and poet.

Li Shimin joined the army as a young man and went to Yanmen pass to rescue Sui Yangdi. He was the first to initiate the army in Jinyang. He worshipped the right leader, the governor of Dadu, and was granted the title of Duke of Dunhuang. He led the army to attack Chang'an. He worshipped the order of Shangshu and the doctor Guanglu, and was granted the title of Duke of Qin and Duke of Zhao. After the establishment of the Tang Dynasty, he led the army to pacify Xue rengao, Liu Wuzhou, Dou Jiande, Wang Shichong, Liu heikai and other separatist forces, and made great contributions to the establishment and unification of the Tang Dynasty. He worshipped general Tiance and granted the title of King Qin. On the fourth day of June in the ninth year of Wude (July 2, 626), he launched the "Xuanwumen change", killed the Prince Li Jiancheng and the king of Qi Li Yuanji, and was listed as the crown prince. On the 9th of August, Li Yuan, the emperor of the Tang Dynasty, abdicated. Li Shimin was the emperor and was named Zhenguan. At the beginning of his reign, he listened to the opinions of the officials and accepted remonstrations with an open mind. To govern the world by internal culture, we should be strict in economy, encourage agriculture and mulberry cultivation, and achieve the goal of recuperation and peace of the country and the people, so as to create the "Zhenguan rule". They conquered Gaochang, kuci and Tuguhun, and severely damaged Koguryo. The four towns in Anxi were set up to get along well with all ethnic groups in the northern region and won the honorary title of "Tian Khan", which laid an important foundation for the prosperous situation of the Tang Dynasty for more than 100 years.

On May 26, the 23rd year of Zhenguan (July 10, 649), Li Shimin died in Hanfeng hall. He was 52 years old. He was in power for 23 years. His temple name was Taizong and his posthumous title was Emperor Wen. He is fond of literature and calligraphy, with poems and ink treasures handed down from generation to generation.

(general drawing reference)

Life of the characters

Early experience

Li Shimin was born on the fifth day of December in the 17th year of emperor kaihuang (598). When Li Shimin was a child, he was smart and resourceful. His views were very far-reaching. He was resolute and decisive in the face of key events. No one could measure him at that time.

In 615, Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty was surrounded by Turks in Yanmen. Li Shimin responded to the recruitment and went to rescue. He was subordinate to Yun Dingxing, the general of tunwei. When he was about to set out, Li Shimin said to Yun Dingxing, "we must carry flags and drums to set up suspicious soldiers. Besides, Shibi Khan's army dares to encircle the emperor because it thinks that there is no rescue in the state. At night, we let Zheng and the drums echo each other. Hu Lu must think that the rescue troops have gathered, and he will run away from the dust raised by the army. Otherwise, we will not be able to cope with the fact that we are outnumbered by the enemy and that they are all fighting. " Yun Dingxing adopted Li Shimin's suggestion and stationed his army in Gu County. The Turkic reconnaissance cavalry Pegasus reported to Shi Bi and Khan said, "the army of Sui Dynasty has arrived." The Turks escaped from the encirclement.

In the 12th year of Daye (616), Li Yuan was left behind in Taiyuan, and Li Shimin followed him to Taiyuan. At that time, Wei dao'er, the chief of Gaoyang bandits, came to attack Taiyuan from Lishan. Li Yuan attacked Wei dao'er and went deep into the bandit camp. Li Shimin broke through the encirclement with his elite cavalry. When he was shot with his bow and arrow, the enemy broke up and rescued Li Yuan from the enemy camp. Just as the infantry arrived, Li Yuan and Li Shimin fought hard to defeat the enemy.

Jinyang forces

In the first year of Yining (617), the fate of the Sui Dynasty had come to an end. Li Shimin secretly planned an uprising. He often lowered his status and respected scholars. He took out his belongings to support his disciples. None of the heroes and thieves was willing to die. In the same year, Li Shimin encouraged his father, Li Yuan, to fight against the Sui Dynasty. Li Shimin led the army to attack Xihe and announced the decree. After conquering Xihe, Li Yuanfeng made Li Shimin the Duke of Dunhuang county and the commander of the right army.

The uprising army went west to attack jiahubao, and song Laosheng, the general of Sui Dynasty, led 20000 elite soldiers to settle in Huoyi to resist the rebel army. Li Yuan and Pei Ji talk about it. They return to Taiyuan for a while, and then plan to raise a case. Li Shimin said: "originally, the rise of righteousness was to save the common people. We should first attack Xianyang and command the world. If we meet a small enemy, we will withdraw. I'm afraid that those who follow the uprising will be dissolved for a while. The Huijun guards a city in Taiyuan. It's for the thieves. What can they do to protect themselves? " Li Yuan did not take it and urged the army to set out. So Li Shimin wailed outside, and the cry spread to Li Yuanzhang. Li Yuan summoned him to ask why he was crying. Li Shimin said to him, "now the army starts with benevolence and righteousness. If it enters the war, it will win. If it returns, it will break up. All the troops are scattered in front, and the enemy is attacking in the back. Death is in front of us immediately, so we are grieved! " Li Yuan woke up and stopped returning to the army. On August 1, when the rain stopped, Li Yuan led his army to Huoyi. Li Shimin was afraid that song Laosheng would not fight, so he led several cavalry to the bottom of the city, raised the whip to command, as if to encircle the city, in order to irritate song Laosheng. As expected, song Laosheng was infuriated. He opened the door and sent out his troops to fight against the city. Li Yuan and Li Jiancheng joined forces in the east of the city, while Li Shimin and Chai Shao joined forces in the south of the city. Song Laosheng commanded the army to rush to Li Yuan, causing Li Jiancheng to fall off the horse. Song Laosheng took advantage of the attack, and Li Yuan and Li Jiancheng withdrew from the army. Li Shimin led two thousand cavalry to rush down the high slope from the South and broke down song Laosheng's army. He led the army to attack vigorously. Song's army was defeated, and they all abandoned their weapons and fled. At this time, the city gate of Huoyi has been suspended. Song Laosheng pulls the rope to climb up the city. Li Shimin takes advantage of the situation to kill him and pacify Huoyi.

In Hedong, the heroes of Guanzhong rushed to the rebel army. Li Shimin asked to enter the pass, to capture yongfengcang to relieve the poor, and to accept bandits to seek Daxing city (now Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province). Li Yuan thought it was very good. Before Li Shimin's army crossed the Yellow River, he calmed down Weibei. Sanfu's officials, common people and heroes and gentlemen went to the army gate to ask for people to devote themselves to the service. Every day, thousands of people were counted, supporting the old and carrying the young, and they were all under the banner. Li Shimin took Yinghao as a standby official. All the people who heard about it all came to devote themselves. The army was stationed in Jingyang, with 90000 elite soldiers. They defeated Liu Yaozi and merged his troops. Yin Kaishan and Liu Hongji were left in Daxing city. Li Shimin led his troops to Sizhu in person. The bandit chieftains Li Zhongwen, he panren and Xiang Shanzhi all led their troops to join them. They stationed troops in Acheng and got 130000 soldiers. Many of Daxing city's elders brought cattle and wine to the army gate. Li Shimin comforted them and sent them away, but he didn't accept anything. The military order was strict and clear, and there was no violation. Soon after, Li Shimin and the army pacified Daxing city. Li Yuan assisted the State Administration and appointed Li Shimin as the internal history of the Tang Dynasty. He was renamed the Duke of the state of Qin and lived in ten thousand households. Just as Xue Ju's 100, 000 troops came to approach the Weihe River, Li Shimin personally led the army to attack, smashed his troops, killed more than 10, 000 people, and captured the enemy land all the way to Longdi.

In December of the first year of Yining (617), Li Shimin was once again appointed as the right marshal. He led 100000 troops to capture Luoyang, the eastern capital, but failed to return. When he was about to return to the army, Li Shimin told the left and right humanitarians, "when the enemy sees that we are going back to the army, they will surely follow us." So three ambushes were set up to wait for the pursuit. Soon after, Duan Da, the general of the Sui Dynasty, led more than 10000 people to pursue him. When he passed the mausoleum of the three kings, Li Shimin launched an ambush attack, and Duan Da was defeated. So they set up Xiong and Gu prefectures in Yiyang and Xin'an, and sent people to stay and return. Later, Li Shimin was transferred and renamed Zhao Guogong.

In May 618, Emperor Gongdi of Sui Dynasty Yang fuchan was located in Liyuan. Liyuan changed his name to Tang Dynasty. He established Wude in Yuan Dynasty, and appointed Li Shimin as the commander of Shangshu and the commander of Youwu marquis. He was granted the title of king of Qin and the title of Yongzhou herdsman.

Four battles

In July of the first year of Wude (618), Xue Ju invaded Jingzhou, and Li Shimin led the troops to fight against it, but they were defeated and returned. In September, Xue Ju died and his son Xue died

Chinese PinYin : Li Shi Min