Wang Huazhen

Wang Huazhen

Wang Huazhen? ~In 1632, Xiao Qian was born in Zhucheng, Shandong Province. At the end of Ming Dynasty, he was a minister.

In the 41st year of Wanli, Jin Shiji was granted the head of the household department. He moved to the right and became an important member of the Donglin Party and a disciple of Ye Xianggao, the first assistant of the cabinet. He was stationed in Guangning and served as governor of Liaodong. He was at odds with the governor Xiong Tingbi. He betrayed Donglin Party and defected to Wei Zhongxian. After the defeat in the battle of Guangning, he was sentenced to prison.

In the fifth year of Chongzhen (1632), he was sentenced to death.

Life of the characters

Protect Hexi

Wang Huazhen was a Jinshi in 1613. From the head of the household department to the right, we will be stationed in Guangning. When Mongolian chieftains such as Chaohua wanted to invade the south, Wang Huazhen appeased them, and they did not dare to move again. In the first year of Tianqi (1621), Shenyang, the important town of Liaodong, and Liaoyang, the capital of Liaodong, were successively captured by the later Jin Dynasty. After Zhu Tongmeng came back from his investigation in the northeast, he strongly said that Wang Huazhen had won the hearts of the people in the west, so don't easily mobilize him, so as not to damage the pacification of Mongolia. Wang Huazhen also said that the war in the Liao region would eventually fail. Only by paying millions of money to entertain the Mongols, the later Jin Dynasty would have some scruples and dare not go deep. Just as Liaoyang and Shenyang were lost one after another, the imperial court decided to use Xiong Tingbi. Censor Fang Zhenru asked Hua Zhen to be promoted, so that he and Xue Guoyong could be stationed in Hexi together. So he promoted Zhen to be the censor of youjindu and governor Guangning. Guangning city is located on the top of a crooked hill. You can overlook the city by climbing the hill. It relies on the Sancha River as a dangerous barrier, and the huangniwa of the Sancha River is shallow. Guangning had only one thousand weak soldiers. Wang Huazhen recruited scattered soldiers and refugees and got more than ten thousand. He inspired the fighting spirit of the people and contacted Mongolia in the west, so that the local people were slightly settled. Liaoyang just lost, domestic far and near shock, think Hexi must not be able to keep. Wang Huazhen led a weak army to guard the isolated city. His fighting spirit did not decrease. At that time, his reputation was really famous. The imperial court also thought that he could rely on his ability, so it left all the battles in Hexi to him.

Discord between menstruation and pacification

When Xiong Tingbi returned to his original post, the Donglin Party recommended Wang Huazhen as governor of Liaodong. Before that, Yuan Yingtai died, and Xue Guoyong was responsible for it. Xue Guoyong could not do anything because of illness. Wang Huazhen then deployed the generals and set up six barracks along the river. Each battalion had one general and one garrison, each with its own land. In Xiping, Zhenwu, Liuhe, Panshan and other key areas, sentries were set up respectively. After the proposal was published in the newspaper, Ting Bi disagreed and wrote: "the river is narrow and unreliable, and the castle is too small to accommodate troops. Now we should only firmly guard Guangning. If the troops are stationed on the river, they will be scattered and weak. If the enemy stealthily crossed the river with light cavalry and specialized in a barracks, our army would not be able to support itself. If one battalion is defeated, all other battalions will be defeated, and the garrisons in Xiping and other places cannot be held. The river is only suitable for setting up guerrilla units and going in and out in turns, so that the enemy does not know how shallow and deep it is. They should not gather together to give the enemy a chance to attack. " After the memorial was handed in, Emperor Xizong of Ming Dynasty issued an imperial edict to praise him. It happened that the censor Fang Zhenru also said that there were six unreliable places in Fanghe, so Wang Huazhen's suggestion was over. Wang Huazhen, however, hated Xiong Tingbi because her tactics were not adopted. Xiong Tingbi asked the imperial court to warn Wang Huazhen that he should not lose his chance on the pretext of restraint. Before that, Wang Huazhen was renamed "pingliao" by all the troops who came from all directions to aid Liao, which made Liao people very unhappy. Xiong Tingbi said: "Liao people did not rebel again. Please change it to" Ping Dong "or" Zheng Dong "to comfort Liao people's heart." Since then, there has been a contradiction between Wang Huazhen and Xiong Tingbi. On the first day of August in the first year of Tianqi (1621), Xiong Tingbi wrote: "the implementation of the strategy arranged in three aspects must contact North Korea. Please hurry up and send envoys to visit the monarchs and ministers of North Korea, so that they can collect all the troops of Badao and set up companies and battalions on the river to help our army gain prestige. " He also recommended Liang Zhiyuan, the Deputy envoy of the Jianjun army, saying that he grew up on the seashore and was familiar with Korean affairs, so he could serve as an imperial envoy. Ming Xizong immediately agreed, and in accordance with the practice of the pedestrian minister, gave a grade official to show his favor. So they all agreed to strengthen their duties. Liang Zhiyuan is discussing with the relevant departments about the payment of troops. Mao Wenlong, the capital secretary sent by Wang Huazhen, has attacked Zhenjiang and won the victory. For this reason, the Manchu Dynasty immediately ordered Deng, Lai, and Tianjin to send 20000 Navy troops to meet Mao Wenlong. Wang Huazhen led 40000 Guangning soldiers to the river to take advantage of the opportunity to forge ahead with the Mongolian army, which was dispatched by Xiong Tingbi in the middle. After the order was issued, the soldiers and towns under the jurisdiction of the economic strategy and the governor waited and saw each other, but they did not send troops in the end. Not long after, Wang Huazhen wrote a letter detailing the situation on both sides of the East and the west, saying: "the enemy gave up Liaoyang and was not on guard. The officers and soldiers in the lost Hedong area hoped day and night that the officers and soldiers would arrive, so they seized the enemy and surrendered in the future. In the west, Hu Dun Tu (Lin Dan Han) and Chao Hua (zhuolik Tuhong batulu) are willing to help me with soldiers. The enemy troops stationed in Haizhou were no more than two thousand, and only three thousand soldiers from Liaoning were stationed on the river. If the army is sent to attack at night, it will be defeated. The enemy troops in the South defense must return to the north when they learn that Liaoyang has been lost. Our army can annihilate their lazy troops by relying on the dangerous terrain. " Zhang Heming, Minister of the Ministry of war, thinks that it's right to say that it's time. Xu Qingbo, the imperial censor, also contributed to this matter, and asked him to send Tingbi to Guangning, and Wang Xiangqian, the governor of Jiliao, to move to Shanhai. At the same time, Hua Zhen also wrote on the Feizhang: "because the army recovered Zhenjiang, the enemy drove out and robbed the surrounding four guards. Now the Tun people are occupying Tieshan and defending it, killing 3000 or 4000 enemy soldiers. The enemy is encircling them even more tightly. They should go to rescue immediately. " So the Ministry of war urged more and more troops. Wang Huazhen crossed the river this month. Xiong Tingbi was forced out of the mountain customs and stationed in youtun, while Feizhang said that it was easy to take Haizhou and difficult to defend it, so he should not act rashly. Wang Huazhen finally came back in vain.

Battle and defense

Wang Huazhen usually did not study military affairs, despised the enemy and was fond of boasting. The civil and military generals couldn't listen to the advice of the officials at all, and they especially resisted Xiong Tingbi. He had a delusion that Li Yongfang of Jin would be his internal agent after he surrendered. He believed that the Mongols said that Hu Dun Tu would send 400000 reinforcements, so he wanted to win without fighting. All affairs such as troops and horses, battle of armour, grain and grass, barracks, etc. were put aside without any concern, and they were just talking big words to deceive the imperial court. Zhang Heming, the Secretary of state, believed in him very much, and he agreed to any request, so Ting Bi could not realize his wish. Guangning has 140000 troops, but Xiong Tingbi's Shanhaiguan has no soldiers. It's just a nominal name of economic strategy. The troops transferred from Yansui were unable to fight. Xiong Tingbi asked the commander Du Wenhuan to be punished, but Zhang Heming asked him to forgive him. Xiong Tingbi asked Tong Bunian to be appointed, and Zhang Heming presented a memorial against him. When Xiong Tingbi asked Zhiyuan to go to Korea, Zhang Heming deliberately withheld his wages. So they hate each other and quarrel about everything. Xiong Tingbi was also narrow minded and headstrong. He was impetuous and domineering. Most of his courtiers hated him. Mao Wenlong's victory in Zhenjiang made Wang Huazhen think she had made a great achievement. Xiong Tingbi said: "the forces of the three sides have not yet assembled, and Wenlong launched too early, which made the enemy hate the people of Liao, killed the soldiers and civilians of the four guards around, frustrated the soldiers and civilians of Dongshan, made the Korean monarchs and ministers cold, demoralized the army of Hexi, disrupted the plan of the three sides to advance together, delayed the plan of contacting North Korea, and regarded it as a miracle. In fact, it was a miracle." He sent letters to the capital and tried to criticize Hua Zhen. The courtiers were seeing the battle of Zhenjiang as a great victory. When they heard his words, they were not satisfied. Xiong Tingbi also obviously attacked Heming, saying: "since I am in charge of the economic strategy, the four reinforcements should listen to my dispatch, but Heming just launched it without my knowing. In July, I asked the Ministry of war about the number of troops. It's been two months now, but I haven't answered. I have the name of management. In fact, Zhang Shumi and Wang Fuchen were responsible for all the wars in the Liao left. " Zhang Heming resented him even more. In September, Wang Huazhen also said that the 400000 troops of Hutun are coming. Please send troops quickly. Xiong Tingbi said: "the Fuchen relied on the Mongols and wanted to win the war. I dare not despise the enemy or say that I can win without fighting. " Later, the Mongolian army finally did not come, and Wang Huazhen did not dare to enter. At that time, Xiong Tingbi advocated defense, believing that Liao people could not be trusted, Mongols could not rely on them, Li Yongfang could not be trusted, and there were many spies in Guangning that worried people. Wang Huazhen, on the other hand, never mentions defense, saying that once we cross the river, the people of Hedong will be internal. In addition, Feishu reported to the imperial court that in August, you can sleep soundly on your pillow, and you will receive my good news. People with insight know that he must be bad, because the battlefield matters a lot, and no one dares to say that he is bad. In October, ice formed on the river. People in Guangning thought that Houjin must cross the river and wanted to escape from Guangning. Wang Huazhen then negotiated with Fang Zhenru to divide her troops to guard the castles of Zhenwu, Xiping, Luyang and Zhenning, and to garrison Guangning with the main force. Zhang Heming also thought Guangning was worrisome and asked emperor Xizong of Ming Dynasty to order Xiong Tingbi to go out. Xiong Tingbi then went out of the mountain customs and arrived at youtun. He considered using heavy troops to protect Guangning and Zhenwu and Luyang, so he sent Liuqu to garrison Zhenwu with 20000 people and Qi Bingzhong to garrison Luyang with 10000 people. He also sent three thousand men to Xiping. He also repeated his order: "when the enemy comes, the civil and military generals and officials will be killed but not pardoned. If the enemy arrives in Guangning and Zhenwu and Luyang do not send troops to attack each other, and if the enemy robs youtun pay road and the third route soldiers and horses do not rescue, the crime is the same. " Xiong Tingbi had just finished his deployment. Wang Huazhen believed the spy's words, and suddenly sent troops to attack Haizhou, and soon returned. The bear