Wu Kun

Wu Kun

This data is provided by the project of achievement transformation and standardization promotion of TCM terminology of State Administration of traditional Chinese medicine.

Wu Kun, with the name of Shanfu and the name of Hegao, was born in 1552 in Chengtang village, Shexian County, Huizhou Prefecture, and one of the famous doctors in Xin'an. Wu Kun studied medicine from Yu Wu Ting. He started from the three Wu dynasties and traveled all over Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Jingxiang, Yanzhao and other places. Since then, medicine has made great progress. There are 6 kinds of medical books written, including 6 volumes of medical prescription research, 2 volumes of pulse language, 24 volumes of Su Wen Wu Zhu and 6 volumes of six collections of acupuncture prescriptions. There are 2 kinds of medical books, which are still in the world. The time of completion is unknown and has been lost.

Profile

Wu Kun, with the name of Shanfu, is called Hegao. He is also called Hegao Shanren, shenhuangzi and shenhuangsheng. During the Jiajing and Wanli periods of the Ming Dynasty, she county (now Huangshan City, Anhui Province) was a native of Southern Huizhou. He lived in Chengtang, Shexi. Wu Kun was born in Shuxiang's younger brother. His grandfather, Wu Zhenglun, was famous for his excellent medical skills. Wu Kun was different in his childhood. He was full of literary ideas. Because he didn't sell his works, he devoted himself to the Yellow River. At the age of 15, he studied medicine in Yu Wu Ting, a famous doctor in the countryside. "He has lived for three years and talked with his teacher. He has become a teacher. After the three Wu dynasties, they followed Zhejiang, followed Jingxiang, and arrived in yanzhao, where there was a teacher of Tao who received it. Thus, we expanded our knowledge, enriched our clinical experience, and established a solid medical foundation. He practiced medicine in Xuancheng, Dangtu, Hexian and other places. He was familiar with acupuncture and moxibustion prescriptions. He was famous for his native place and had countless living people.

Main experience

His grandfather, Wu Zhenglun, was a famous doctor from Longqing to Wanli in the Ming Dynasty. He once cured Zhu Yi, the emperor of Shenzong, and the empress of Zhu Zai, the emperor of Mu Zong. Later, he was envied by the imperial doctor and died after drinking poisonous wine. His uncle Yuanchang and father Wentao lived in seclusion. They had a rich collection of books and studied Neijing a lot. As a child, Kun was smart and eager to learn. He was familiar with six books and learned Confucianism. Influenced by his family, he often browsed medical books. At the age of 15, he began to contact with medicine. He read through the classics such as Suwen, Lingshu, Nanjing, Yiyi, maijing and Shanghanlun. He was proficient in Hejian, Dongyuan and Danxi, which laid a good medical foundation for his future practice and writing books .

When he was 25 years old, he was not in the first place in his career. The elders in the village advised him that "the ancients didn't aspire to the times, but mostly worked as doctors to help the world. That is to say, he devoted himself to Qihuang medical affairs. Worship Yu YangZheng (Wu Ting) as a teacher and learn medicine. According to the records of Wu's works, the teacher mainly teaches the secret from the clinical treatment, pulse cutting, prescription and medication. Three years later, he studied in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Hubei, Henan, Hebei and other places. He had a long way to go, so he called himself "seventy-two division". The quality of being modest and studious enriched Wu Kun's life experience and broadened his medical vision. At the same time, we should make friends and broaden our thinking space. At this time, we collated and annotated Hua Shou's four pictures of Ming Tang

At the age of 33, he taught medicine and took three apprentices, Fang Yuanzhen, Wang yuede, Wang SWA and his nephew Wu Zizhan. Because "the world's doctors were ignorant of the ancient classics, and did not reach the middle ancient prescriptions", he did not know the relationship between the meaning of prescriptions and syndromes, the ups and downs of drugs, and the methods of Xuan, Tong, Xie, light, heavy, slippery, astringent, dry and wet. He blindly followed the principle of analogy, and used drugs to treat diseases, which was harmful extremely. Therefore, more than 700 ancient and modern prescriptions of good doctors were selected, which were "written in the classics, judged with correct views, determined in the syndromes, and developed their micro meanings", and were written into six volumes of "medical prescription examination". In the same year, he took the key points of the medical books about pulse diagnosis as quotations, and wrote two chapters of pulse language.

At the age of 43, Wu Kun annotated Su Wen in its full text, wrote Su Wen Wu Zhu, and wrote 24 volumes of Neijing Wu Zhu. From the list of friends who participated in the book, we can infer that Wu Kun may have taught Su Wen in Tai hospital during this period. There were 8 Tai students, 1 doctor in Tai hospital, 3 Confucian students, 3 Confucian students in Li Department, 6 Xiangsheng and 1 Ju Shi, totaling 21 people. This book may be Wu's lecture notes, collected by many people.

At the age of 67, with the accumulation of clinical experience and knowledge, those who could not achieve the purpose of acupuncture and treatment in the past, after 30 years of continuous discussion, began to break the maze, and medical thought entered a mature stage. He took 23 students (including his nephew and grandson Wu Xiangxian) to write six volumes of "six collections of acupuncture prescriptions" based on their research experience in acupuncture and moxibustion, combined with the classical expositions of past dynasties and the songs and Fu of doctors, aiming at the study and use of Yuyi tujing (mingkan "Acupuncture and moxibustion tujing of keyren acupoints"). Wu revised Hua Shou's four pictures of Ming Tang (also known as the picture of Ming Tang of Zang Fu organs on the side of Zheng Fu). It is also included in the "shenzhao collection" at the beginning of the book, which forms the writing characteristics of the book with both pictures and texts.

According to Danbo Yuanjian's analysis of "the biography of the dead family in helaishan" in Yiji Kao, Wu also wrote "Thirteen branches of syndrome differentiation and treatment", "yaozuan" and other books. I'm sorry I can't see it now.

work

There are 6 volumes of medical prescription research, 2 volumes of pulse language, 24 volumes of Su Wen Wu Zhu, 6 volumes of six collections of acupuncture prescriptions, 13 branches of syndrome differentiation and treatment, and medicine compilation.

Academic content

1. Annotate Su Wen

It is believed that Lin Yi and others still have the problem of "revealing and concealing unknown" in correcting Su Xiang. In fact, Su Wen Wu Zhu is also a masterpiece. Wu tried to use concise language to express the gist of the Sutra. In Su Wen Wu Zhu, Wu devoted himself to medicine and made great efforts in Nei Jing, which is of great significance to later generations. "Anhui Tongzhi Yiwen Kao draft" once said: "Chinese scholarship all originates from Tao, and Neijing is the reply of Qi Bo, the Yellow Emperor of Ji Dynasty. Although it is said that medicine is good, but Tao is far away. Wu's annotation criticizes Ying and guiding him in a simple and profound way, which should be read by those who govern the canon of internal medicine. "

2. Contribution of prescriptions

In his prime, Wu devoted himself to the study of medical prescriptions. This is because after 18 years of Wu's medical career, Zhi met with some doctors, among whom Shi Jiu was not familiar with the classics, and most of them were not familiar with the nature of prescriptions, so it was difficult for patients to heal. For this reason, more than 700 prescriptions were selected from Wu's Chronicles, which were arranged according to the syndromes, and their micro meanings were revealed one by one. This is a practical medical prescription. The book is divided into 72 branches, including internal medicine, external medicine, gynecology, pediatrics and facial features. The etiology of the disease was first described, then the prescriptions were listed, and then the applicable syndromes, usage and precautions were listed. In particular, we should pay attention to the explanation attached to each prescription. The textual research is precise and detailed, the words are clear, and we can see the skill very well. It is not only easy for readers to understand the purpose of the prescription, but also easy to master the essentials of the treatment and medication, the addition and subtraction of the prescription.

3. Pulse study

Wu is not only a doctor in Jiangsu and Zhejiang, but also a writer. The visiting doctor asked, out of people Qihuang, not often lack of people. However, there is no enumerating of those who are not up to the standard of pulse science. In view of this, Wu devoted himself to the first and second volumes of pulse language. The book goes from shallow to deep. The first volume starts from the theory of "taking the pulse and entering the form" and consists of 13 theories. The second volume begins with the theory of "pulse position follows heaven", which consists of 50 theories. For example, "cunguanchiyi", "Liubu Suo", "Wuzang disease pulse", "Xiaoer pulse method", "fufu pulse method", as well as the powerlessness of pulse, deficiency and excess of meridians, from syndrome to pulse, from pulse to syndrome, are discussed one by one from the clinical reality. According to Wang Shuhe's Mai Jing, Wu's twenty-four veins were discussed, except for the minor ones. According to the predecessors, it is also said that the small veins are not increased (the shape is reduced to the regular veins), the large veins are increased (the shape is added to the regular veins), and the long veins are too standard. There are nine kinds of pulse: short pulse (less than the standard), hairy pulse (the pulse comes to float astringently), hook pulse (the front is curved and the back is crouched), stone pulse (the Yang comes to the extreme), slippery pulse (the pulse comes to flow like water), and quick pulse (the number is also, the so-called manic person is also ill). There are 32 veins in total.

In addition, Wu also listed 24 kinds of "strange pulse", which is much more than that in maijing. Besides discussing all kinds of pulse syndromes, Wu's Mai Yu also discusses Taisu pulse. This may be related to the prevalence of Taisu pulse in Ming Dynasty. Wu opposed Taisu Mai heresy and hated it. But he thought there were some words in Taisu Mai theory, such as: "Taisu Mai"

For example, it is said that the shape of the pulse is round and clear, and the number is clear; the shape of the pulse is loose and astringent, and the number is fuzzy, which is called erosion. The quality is clear, the pulse is clear, the wealth is rich, the quality is turbid, the pulse is turbid, the poverty is low, and the worry is much It's all too simple to adopt... " (a sentence that can be adopted in Mai Yu Tai Su MAI). In fact, these principles are not desirable, because they objectively affirm some elements of Taisu pulse. But if we consider the extravagance of Ming Dynasty, the prevalence of Taisu pulse has its social basis. It is not surprising that Wu, while deeply exposing taisumai's "witchcraft", expressed his appreciation of some of the arguments in taisumai's books. Thinking about the mainstream of Wu's pulse science is still profound.

4. Integration of acupuncture and moxibustion

In his later years, Wu Kun was still the author of six volumes of "six collections of needle Prescriptions" (a preface was written in Wu Wu of the 46th year of Wanli at the age of 67). Wu studied acupuncture and moxibustion for many years, but he failed in theory in his early years. After ten years of clinical practice, he gradually became a book in his old age.

clinical application

In clinical practice, Wu Kun lays particular stress on acupuncture treatment. Through the comparative method of "clarifying acupuncture with medicine", he puts forward the viewpoint of "two ways of acupuncture and medicine, no two causes of reason". He thinks that acupuncture and medicine have their own advantages and disadvantages. He points out that "more medicine is not as good as less acupuncture, and the supplement of acupuncture is not as good as the length of medicine". He emphasizes the simple and quick effect of acupuncture. Acupuncture at Baihui Point is the evidence for treating vertigo. The application of heavy acupoints advocates the theory of "Wumen" acupuncture prescription of twelve meridians Jing Xing Shu Ying Ying, stresses the selection of fewer and more precise acupoints, and advocates the penetrating needling method of one needle and two acupoints. It is advocated that acupuncture and medicine should be used simultaneously to learn from each other

Chinese PinYin : Wu Kun