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Shang family name

Shang family name is one of the Chinese surnames, ranking 319th among the hundred surnames in China. It is the 135th surname in China today. It has a large population, accounting for about 0.1% of the Han population in China.

Historical development

Origin of surname

① It comes from the surname Jiang. He is a descendant of Jiang Taigong and takes his ancestor's name as his surname. According to the records of Yuanhe surname Zuan and Wanxing Tongpu, Jiang Taigong was named Shang and Zi ya, who helped King Wu of Zhou overthrow the Shang Dynasty and was granted the title of Qi Taigong. Taigong was also known as Taishi Shangfu in the Zhou Dynasty, which is called shishangfu or Shangfu for short. His descendants took his name as their surname and called it Shang.

② It comes from the surname Si and takes the ancestor's name as the surname. Shang Hei, a member of Xia tribe, took Shang in his name as his surname.

It originated from the Qin Dynasty and took the official position as the surname. After Qin Shihuang unified the whole country, there were six official positions with the word "Shang", namely, those of Shang Yi, Shang Shi, Shang Guan, Shang Xi, Shang Mu and Shang Shu. These six official positions are the court officials who manage clothes, meals, crowns, daily life, bath and books. Some of the descendants of the "six Shang" officials took their ancestors' official names as surnames, also known as Shang surnames.

① According to the textual research on surnames, youpushe and Fengyi, the fashionable books of the Tang Dynasty, are still lonely, and they are different from Xianbei Yuwen in the East.

② According to the book of the Tang Dynasty, there were Shang surnames in Tubo in the Tang Dynasty, that is, Shang Yanxin, the chief of the Tang Dynasty, who was descended from the Emperor Xuanzong.

③ Qing Manchuria surname, living in Shenyang.

④ The Han surname of the Mulan family of the Jingpo nationality is the most popular.

⑤ Today, Manchu, Mongolian, Baoan, Dongxiang, Tujia, Korean and other nationalities all have this surname.

⑥ From the Yuwen family. Yuwen was originally a compound surname of Xianbei nationality in the East, one of which lived in songmo. In the Tang Dynasty, there was a man named Yu Wen Ke Gu. He was an official of Shence general and was given the surname Li at the beginning. The last name is Yuwen. He was promoted to Shangshu by his merit and examination. As an official in a high position, he took the official's surname Shang as his surname, which was called Shang KEGU. Later, he also took Shang as his surname and integrated into the Shang family of the Han nationality.

⑦ Originating from the Jingpo nationality, it comes from the Muran tribe of Jingpo in the Ming Dynasty and belongs to the Han nationality. The Shang family of the Jingpo nationality originated from the ancient Muran tribe of the Jingpo nationality. Later, in the Ming Dynasty, Liu was changed into the Chinese single surname Shang family, which has been handed down from generation to generation.

The ancestor of the surname de

He is still a father. Jiang Taigong, also known as Lu Shang, is a descendant of Emperor Yan because his ancestor Boyi helped Dayu to control the flood. He was granted the title of marquis Lu and established the state of Lu. He was a famous strategist and statesman at the end of Shang Dynasty and the beginning of Zhou Dynasty. He once fished on the Bank of Wei River and was appointed as assistant minister by King Wen of Zhou Dynasty. When the king of Wu attacked the Shang Dynasty, he was the Shi family of Tongbing (referred to as Shi). He was respected as the father of Shi Shang, and was also called the father of Shi Shang. In the battle of Muye, annihilating the enemy and doing meritorious service were the first founders of the Zhou Dynasty. King Cheng was granted the title of Qi, the capital of Yingqiu, and was granted the privilege of conquering the five Marquises and nine uncles. At the end of the spring and Autumn period, after the Tian family took the place of Qi, there was a branch of the royal family in the former state of Qi who took its name as the surname Shang. They respect their father as their ancestor.

Migration distribution

The Shang surname originated from the state of Qi in the Zhou Dynasty. In 386 BC, king an of Zhou was forced to recognize Tian He as Marquis of Qi. At this point, Jiangshan of the Jiang surname in the state of Qi was replaced by the Tian family, which is called the Tian family in history. Because there was no large-scale bloody conflict in the Tian family, it was a peaceful evolution, so most of the Shang family members still lived in Qi. Although Shang's surname got it very early, it has been in a cloud in the later development, so it is difficult for people to know its early history in detail. This is true in the pre Qin and Han Dynasties, as well as in the Wei, Jin and southern and Northern Dynasties. Shang surnames are scattered in the history books, and they are rare, so it is difficult for people to get a glimpse of their true features.

In the Tang Dynasty, there were Shang Heng from Puyang, who was the official Minister of rites and the official censor, Shang Xianfu from Ji county of Weizhou (now Ji county of Henan Province), and Shang Junchang and Shang rang, the leaders of peasant uprising in the late Tang Dynasty. On the one hand, the Shang family performed well, on the other hand, it joined the new force from Yuwen family to Shang family, which made the whole Shang family huge and strong. "Yuanhe surname Zuan" and "surname kaolue" say that Shang surname can be seen in Jingzhao, Qinghe, Shangdang and Jijun. Wang refers to the families of the dignitaries in each county from the Wei and Jin Dynasties to the Sui and Tang Dynasties. It means that they lived in a certain county and were looked up to by the local people. This shows that the Shang family flourished in Xi'an of Shaanxi, Qinghe of Hebei, Changzhi of Shanxi, Ji county of Henan, Tai'an of Shandong and Feicheng before the Tang Dynasty.

Wang Xi, the king of Fujian in the Five Dynasties, doted on Shang Fei, which indicated that Shang family had moved to Fujian.

After the Southern Song Dynasty, there were Shang family gradually in the south. In Yuan Dynasty, Shangwen moved from Shenze of Qizhou to Baoding of Hebei Province, and Shangye moved from Baoding to Mancheng of Hebei Province.

At the end of the Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, peasant uprising forces sprang up in all directions. In order to overthrow the rule of the Yuan people and fight for the imperial power, the population of the Central Plains, East China and central and South China decreased sharply. After Zhu Yuanzhang unified the country, because of the special location of Shanxi, he was not affected much, so he moved people from Shanxi. Shang family name, as one of the surnames of Hongdong Sophora japonica, was transferred to Hebei, Shandong, Henan, Henan Jiangsu and other places.

During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the surname Shang began to develop in all parts of the south, and some people crossed the sea to Taiwan and spread abroad.

Nowadays, the Shang people are widely distributed in China, especially in Hebei, Henan, Qinghai and other provinces, which account for more than 60% of the country's Shang population.

The Shang surname originated in the north, and flourished in the north. According to the index of inscriptions of Jinshi in Ming and Qing Dynasties, there were 37 Jinshi in Ming and Qing Dynasties. Apart from Huguang and Zhejiang, there were Anhui and Sichuan (one each), and there were only six southern people. Among the northern provinces, Henan is the most, with a total of 10 people, six of whom are from Luoshan. Next came Shaanxi (eight) and Shandong (five). Also to be mentioned is Fengtian (now Liaoning Province), where three people are shortlisted.

Surname culture

County Hall

Jingzhao County: also known as Jingzhao county and Jingzhao Yin, it is actually not a county, but the name of the regional administrative region where the central government is located. "Yin" is the prefect. In the first year of the Taichu period of the Western Han Dynasty (Ding Chou, 104 B.C.), the right internal history was changed, and Jing Zhaoyin was set as one of the three auxiliary officials. The government was located in Chang'an (now Xi'an, Shaanxi).

Jijun: in the second year of Taishi (bingxu, ad 266) of the Western Jin Dynasty, Jijun was set up and ruled in Jixian county (now Jixian County, Henan Province). At that time, Jixian County, Henan Province was under its jurisdiction, and it was soon abolished. During the Song Dynasty, it was located in Weihui County, Henan Province.

Qinghe County: it was set up in the fifth year of Liu Bang, Emperor Gaozu of the Western Han Dynasty (the year of Jihai, 202 BC), and then it was changed into a state many times. It was a county in the later period of Yongguang, emperor yuan of the Han Dynasty (43-39 BC), and was governed in Qingyang (now Qinghe, Hebei). In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Ganling (now Linqing in Shandong Province) was transferred to the state, and its jurisdiction was in the area from Qinghe County in Hebei Province to Boxing County and Linqing County in Shandong Province. After the Yuan Dynasty, it was under the jurisdiction of Qinghe City, Zaoqiang County and Nangong County in Hebei Province, Linqing County, Xiajin County, Wucheng County, Gaotang county and Pingyuan County in Shandong Province.

Shangdang County: "Shangdang" literally means the highland on the mountain, "Shangdang and heaven are the party", so it is named. Shangdang place name was first found in the state of Jin in the spring and Autumn period. Since then, the three families of Zhao, Wei and Han divided into Jin and occupied a part of Shangdang area. During the Warring States period, South Korea set up a county, but it is difficult to verify the specific county. After Qin Shihuang unified the world, it was divided into 36 counties. Shangdang County inherited it and was one of the major counties. It was the eldest son (now the eldest son of Shanxi). This county level administrative division had jurisdiction over the southeast region of Shanxi Province with Changzhi City of Shanxi Province as the center. In the Western Han Dynasty, there were 14 counties under its jurisdiction, while in the Eastern Han Dynasty, there were 13 counties under its jurisdiction. During the Three Kingdoms period, Shangdang County moved northeast to hukouguan (now North of Changzhi, Shanxi Province, but not Huguan county). In the Western Jin Dynasty, there were ten counties under its jurisdiction, and the county government moved further to the northeast to Lu county (now the northeast of Lucheng, Shanxi). During the period of Sixteen States, Shangdang county was basically preserved except that the regime of Later Zhou Dynasty was changed to Luzhou for a short time. In the Northern Wei Dynasty, the county government moved back to Huguan. After the establishment of the Sui Dynasty, the former Huguan county was abolished and the Shangdang county was built, and the Shangdang county was moved to Shangdang county (now Changzhi City of Shanxi Province), with 10 counties under its jurisdiction. The name of Ludang county was changed from CHANGDANG county to Changchou County in 1529.

Jingzhao Hall: building a hall with hope.

Jijun Hall: build a hall with hope.

Qinghe Hall: build a hall by looking.

Shangdangtang: build a hall by looking.

Lian Jie Tang: honesty is incorruptibility, and Jie is a unique character and behavior. Yuan Dynasty is still wild, righteous, elegant words, stepmother filial piety. Compiled for the National Museum of history, he was a magistrate of Ruzhou. He was clean and honest, and his character and behavior were different from others.

General Union

It's from the grand master.

The whole couplet alludes to the origin of Shang's Prefecture and surname.

An expert biography; a judge of money.

Shangliandian refers to those who lived in seclusion for a long time in the Han Dynasty and was listed in the biography of Gao Shi. The second couplet refers to the Song Dynasty Taoist priest as the judge of Jin, and Yang Wanli gave him a poem: "elegant literary style, old family voice."

His name is Yi Ding.

Shangliandian refers to Shangheng (to be examined). The second joint allusion refers to the Shang Jin allusion of Korea in the Warring States period.

Benevolence and righteousness are the foundation; labor and martial arts are combined.

Shangshi ancestral hall in Xiema River, Baokang County, Hubei Province

The material is slightly Zee Tubo; the filial friends are famous all over the city.

Shangliandian refers to the great prime minister of Tubo in the Tang Dynasty, who was still praised, had talent and strategy, ambushed troops to resist the invaders, and repeatedly made war achievements. The lower couplet ceremony refers to the son of the state in Yuan Dynasty, who worshiped wine and was full of people. They are sincere and elegant in style.

His ambition to stay in Chishan is an expression of his long cherished wish, and his virtue is beneficial to the common people in Yueyang.

Shangliandian refers to shangzhaoshan, the name of which is Yangzhi and Jurong. Qingguang Xu, from Zuo Zongtang to dredge Chishan lake, the matter is not half done

Chinese PinYin : Shang