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Gong Baiyu

Gong Baiyu (1899-1966), a famous martial arts novelist, was originally named Gong wanxuan, but changed his name to Gong Zhuxin. He was originally from Dong'e, Shandong Province. He was an active Chinese martial arts novelist in the 1930s and 1940s. He came to Tianjin in 1928 and worked in newspapers and telecommunications for a long time. In 1938, Gong Baiyu became famous for his serial twelve money darts in Yong Bao. He founded Zhenghua school in the same year and the Publishing Department of Zhenghua school the next year. In his later years, he devoted himself to the study of Oracle Bone Inscriptions and bronze inscriptions. Gong Baiyu's works include: Twelve money darts, fighting for supremacy in the Wulin, stealing fist, Xuedi Hanguang sword, and United darts. His martial arts novels are known as one of the "five famous martial arts novelists of the northern school", and are as famous as Zheng Zhengyin, the "Gang attack faction", "huanzhu, the" fantasy immortal faction "," Wang Dulu, the "tragic chivalry faction", and Zhu Zhenmu, the "strange reasoning faction".

Personal profile

Gong Baiyu, formerly known as Gong wanxuan, changed his name to Gong Zhuxin. He originated from Dong'e, Shandong Province and was born in Machang, Qingxian County, Hebei Province in 1899. His father was a leader in the northern New Army. Gong Baiyu studied in Tianjin when he was young. He went to Beijing to study. At the age of 15 or 16, he began to write literature. Because of the influence of the May 4th movement, he pursued the progress of his thought and got the great help of Zhou Zuoren and Lu Xun brothers. There are seven long letters to him in Lu Xun's complete works. Lu Xun has been instructing in literary theory, literary creation and literary translation. In the 1930s, Chinese martial arts novels prevailed. For the livelihood of a family of seven, Gong Baiyu had to concentrate his intelligence in literary creation and began his writing career of martial arts novels. Gong Baiyu's first martial arts novel is the yellow flower robbery. Soon after, he wrote the first half of twelve money darts with Zheng Zhengyin, another martial arts novelist, and completed the second half of the book by himself. Then, he successively completed "money dart", "Wulin Zhengxiong Ji" and sequels "Mu Ye Xiong Feng", "Xue Di Han Guang Jian" and sequels "Shi Lin San Niao", "poisonous sand palm", "Mo Yun Shou", "Lian dart Ji" and sequels "daze long she Zhuan", "Jian Di Jing Zhi", "Ziwu Yuanyang Yue", "pink skeleton", "Taihu Yiyan", "Qingping Jian" and "Lvlin Hao" His representative work is stealing boxing. In the past few years, Gong Baiyu published dozens of works, together with his other literary works, essays and translations, with a total number of tens of millions of words, and became a famous Chinese martial arts novelist. In the early 1950s, Gong Baiyu wrote a biography of heroes in the green forest for Ta Kung Pao in Hong Kong. About 1942, Gong Baiyu began to study Jinjia characters. He had no teacher to study Jinjia characters by himself. Later, he wrote a long monograph on the history of Jinjia, which was continuously published in Hei Feng Feng supplement of new Tianjin pictorial. There were records of ancestors and parallel sounds of ancient characters, which were all published by predecessors Those who have not been proved or tested but are not accurate. His writing is simple and succinct, combined with the ancient history of Jinjia writing, without profound ancient writing skills and profound historical knowledge, is not competent. He studied history with Jinjia, and proved that the research method of Jinjia characters is rare. His research on Jinjia characters is not limited to the previous achievements. He thinks that before Qin Dynasty, the characters were not the same, and the characters were different from each other. If he only focused on the punctuation of the characters, he would have the disadvantage of slandering the ancient words. So he used the method of instant sound to get the exact explanation. He has his own unique opinions on the textual research of ancient characters, such as the relationship between pronunciation and characters. In 1955, he and Wu Yunxin visited Wang Xiang, an expert in oracle bone science. They had a conversation with Wang and benefited a lot. After returning home, they wrote a lot of notes. Unfortunately, his manuscripts on the study of Jinjia characters were copied and lost in the cultural revolution. after liberation, Gong Baiyu was employed as a librarian of Tianjin literature and History Research Institute, executive director of writers' Association, member of the Federation of literary and art circles, etc. He died in 1966 at the age of 67.

Character experience

birth

Gong Baiyu is his pseudonym for writing martial arts novels. The scientific name is Gong wanxuan, changed to Zhuxin, pseudonym xingdai, etc. He was born in Machang, Qingxian County, Hebei Province on September 9, 1899. Gong Baiyu was originally from Dong'e, Shandong Province. Gong Deping, his grandfather, was an old scholar who worked as a county official in his hometown. Because he lost the bank, he fled with his wife's belt and died soon. Gong Baiyu lived in Machang when he was a child, and his family was well-off. Later, he moved to the northeast and Tianjin with his father. When Gong Baiyu moved to Beijing in 1913 and studied in the Affiliated High School of Chaoyang University and Jingzhao No.1 middle school, he expressed his ideal of "giving lectures and writing books" in his composition Shuzhi. As a child, he was fond of reading Pinghua, Gongan and chivalrous novels. At the age of 15, he began to try literary and artistic creation, contributing to various newspapers in Beijing and commenting on current social events. He was admitted to Beijing Normal University in 1918. He was forced to drop out of school because of his father's death and his family's decline. He was very fond of literature, especially the Chinese new literature since the May 4th movement. Gong Baiyu was interested in literature and was initially influenced by the new literature movement. His interest shifted from translating novels to vernacular, and he was determined to be a "new writer". He has a certain foundation in Chinese and English, and later he worked and engaged in new literature creation. I often write essays and put them in the newspapers. At the beginning of the 20th century, when his family was in decline and he could not afford to buy books, he often took advantage of various opportunities to read secretly or borrow books to read.

Meet Lu Xun

Gong Baiyu adored Zhou Zuoren, a famous writer at that time. In the early summer of 1921, he got Zhou's home address by chance and wrote a letter bravely. At the end of the letter, he had high hopes and listed several titles of the books, imploring to lend them to him for reading. Unexpectedly, a week later, he received a reply and sent books such as the history of European literature and Dewey's speeches, saying that some of them did not need to be returned. Strangely, the signature at the end of the letter is not "Zhou Zuoren", but "Zhou Shuren". The first time Gong Baiyu met Zhou Shuren, he was impressed by his "gentle face and talk" (quoted from Gong's autobiography "story handle"). At a time when Gong Baiyu was struggling, a newspaper in Tianjin invited him to write martial arts novels at a high price. Perhaps he also realized that "living is the most important thing in life", and finally reluctantly succumbed. Since then, his martial arts novels written under the pseudonym of "Bai Yu" have been very popular, and the economic situation has not only greatly improved, but also different from before. although Gong Baiyu was successful, he was not only ashamed of his martial arts creation, but also despised it. He felt that the famous flower had fallen and his soul had broken the blue bridge. He deeply failed to live up to Mr. Lu Xun's ardent expectations for him, and felt ashamed to see him again, so he automatically cut off his contacts.

New to the literary world

Gong Baiyu's literary career began in 1926 when he worked in Beijing's national evening news, which later stopped publication. In 1927, Zhang Henshui edited the supplement of pearl in the world daily and invited Gong Baiyu to write martial arts novels. As a result, Gong Baiyu's first martial arts novel, the hero in green shirt, was published in the world daily pearl. The title of Gong Baiyu's first martial arts book is very confusing. He used the titles of "white blade green shirt", "seven heroes of the green forest", "pink skeleton" and so on. Finally, it was published by Shanghai Xiehe bookstore in June 1947 under the standard title of "green shirt hero". The complete works of Kung Baiyu's martial arts novels, published in 1992, was printed accordingly.

Wandering

In 1928, Gong Baiyu couldn't live in Beijing any more, so he went to Tianjin alone in early summer. Gong Baiyu's return to Tianjin is not blind. When he was living in Beijing, he often contributed to Tianjin's Dongfang Shuo and other supplements to get to know Wu qiuchen through literature. Wu qiuchen, now a famous young journalist, left dongfangshuo and was employed as an interview minister by Shangbao, a private newspaper in Tianjin. He also served as a supplement to grocery store. Wang Yunsheng was the general manager of the newspaper and the boss was Wang wobing. Wu qiuchen and Wang Yunsheng were all hired by Wang huobing. When Gong Baiyu went to Tianjin, he took refuge with Wu qiuchen. Wu qiuchen is getting the trust of the boss of the business daily. Gong, introduced by Wu, passed the exam and worked as a clerk under Wang wobing, the manager of the business daily, with a monthly salary of more than ten yuan.

a literary creation

Later, Gong Baiyu set up a primary school in Tianjin. In 1937, the Anti Japanese war broke out and Tianjin was occupied. As the main tool to comfort life, martial arts novels are still blank in the occupied area. In order to make a living, Gong Baiyu and Zheng Zhengyin, another martial arts novelist, soon wrote the first half of twelve money darts (Volume 1). He completed the second half of the book by himself and published it in Tianjin Yong Bao, which was very popular with readers at that time. From then on, he began his martial arts creation. Soon his remuneration more than doubled from 1 yuan per 10000 words. Then Gong Baiyu continued to write many works related to the story of twelve money darts, forming "four drafts of money darts".

Research

Gong Baiyu read Chinese classics, read western classics, and translated English novels. With the accumulation of knowledge, great aspirations have emerged. When he was 37 years old and taught in Baxian (now Bazhou) middle school, he became interested in language and grammar. In order to further explore, he gradually studied oracle bone inscriptions and bronze inscriptions. In 1943, he published more than 20 such notes in the new Tianjin pictorial, with the total title of a commentary on the history of Jia Jin Zheng. The title can show the extraordinary value of the content. In Liyan pictorial magazine, there is a serial of white fish's trivia. In his later years, Gong Baiyu devoted himself to the study of Oracle Bone Inscriptions and inscriptions on bronze. He wanted to dilute the title of "martial arts novelist" which he did not want to obtain but was a fait accompli. However, his research continued until the end of 1950s, and then stopped because of cerebral thrombosis. Gong Baiyu's evening

Chinese PinYin : Bai Yu