Xiang Yu

Xiang Yu

Xiang Yu (232-202 B.C.) is a descendant of Xiang state, a feudal state of the Zhou Dynasty. He was born in Xiaxiang county (now Suqian City, Jiangsu Province) of Sishui county. At the end of the Qin Dynasty, he was a statesman, militarist and grandson of Xiang Yan, a famous general of the state of Chu.

He followed his uncle Xiang Liang to launch the Wuzhong uprising against the Qin Dynasty. The queen of Chu was restored and the Duke of Lu was conferred. After Xiang Liang died, he rescued Zhao Xie, the king of Zhao. He broke through the main force of Qin army led by Zhang Han and Wang Li and won the battle of Julu. He led the army to attack Guanzhong, held a grand banquet, burned the palace of King Qin, and killed Ying Ziying. Enfeoffment of Qin meritorious generals, support the establishment of six aristocratic descendants as king. He called himself the overlord of Western Chu, and his capital was set in Pengcheng. After that, he fought for the world with Liu Bang, the king of Han Dynasty, which is known as "the battle between Chu and Han". Liu Bang was defeated in the end because of his self reliance on force and self willed, killing Chu Yi emperor and suspecting Yafu fan Zeng.

In the fifth year of the Han Dynasty (202 BC), when the army was defeated in cuxia, the "farewell to my concubine" happened and I committed suicide in Wujiang. As a representative of Chinese military thought "military situation" (four trends of strategists: military situation, military tactics, military Yin and Yang, and military skills), Xiang Yu is a military general famous for his outstanding force. Li Wanfang commented on Xiang Yu that "the courage of the feather is unique through the ages.".

Life experience

Early experience

Sima Qian's historical records: Xiang's surname is Xiang's because he was a general of Chu and was granted Xiang City. According to the records in Yuan he Xing Zuan and Da song re Xiu Guang Yun of the Tang Dynasty, Xiang Yu was a descendant of Xiang state with the Ji surname among the Zhou princes who were enfeoffed in the Zhou Dynasty. After Xiang state was destroyed by Lu state in the spring and Autumn period, Xiang state took its name as its family name. When Xiang Yu was a teenager, Xiang Liang taught him to read, but he didn't learn it for a long time. Xiang Liang taught him to learn sword, and he didn't learn it for a long time. Xiang Liang was very angry. Xiang Yu said: "when you read and read, you can only remember your personal name. When you learn sword, you can only fight against one person. If you want to learn, you can only fight against ten thousand people." Xiang Liang then taught Xiang Yu to learn the art of war. Xiang Yu was very happy, but he only learned about it and refused to study it in depth.

The first emperor of Qin visited Kuaiji and sailed across Zhejiang in a big boat. Xiang Yu and Xiang Liang watched together. Xiang Yu said to Xiang Liang, "the first emperor of Qin can be replaced." Xiang Liang quickly covered Xiang Yu's mouth and said, "don't talk nonsense, or you will bring disaster to the whole family." Xiang Liang has a different view of Xiang Yu. Xiang Yu is more than eight feet tall, capable of carrying the tripod, talented, even the disciples of Wuzhong are very afraid of Xiang Yu.

In July of the first year of Qin II (209 BC), Chen Sheng and Wu Guang rose up in daze township. In September of the same year, Yin Tong, the prefect of Kuaiji, said to Xiang Liang, "all the people in Jiangxi are rebelling. This is the time when heaven is going to destroy Qin Dynasty. I heard that we should strike first and then be made by others. I'm going to use you and Huan Chu as generals." At that time, Huan Chu fled in daze. Xiang Liang said, "Huan Chu is on the run. He doesn't know where others are. Only Xiang Yu knows." So Xiang Liang went out and told Xiang Yu to wait outside with his sword. Then he came in and sat down with Yin Tong and said, "call Xiang Yu and let him go to Huan Chu." After Yin Tong agreed, Xiang Yu killed Yin Tong under the direction of Xiang Liang. Xiang Liang held Yin Tong's head in his hand and wore Yin Tong's official seal. Yin Tong's subordinates were in great panic, and Xiang Yu killed nearly 100 people in a row. The whole county was so frightened that no one dared to get up. Xiang Liang called together the powerful officials he was familiar with and explained to them the reason for the uprising against Qin, so he launched the army of Wuzhong to fight against Qin. Xiang Liang sent people to take over the counties under Wuzhong County, and got 8000 elite soldiers. He also deployed the heroes in the county and sent them to be the captain, marquis and Sima respectively. So Xiang Liang became the prefect of Kuaiji, and Xiang Yu went on a tour to occupy the subordinate counties.

In June of the second year of the Qin Dynasty (208 BC), Chen Sheng was killed. Xiang Liang summoned his subordinates to discuss the matter. Fan Zeng, who lived in the nest, came to tell Xiang Liang that if he didn't set up the descendants of Chu, he would not stand on his own for a long time. So Xiang Liang listened to fan Zeng's advice and found Xiong Xin, the grandson of King Huai of Chu, among the people. Xiang Liang was named Wu Xinjun. Xiang Liang's army defeated the Qin army in dong'a. Xiang Yu and Liu Bang were not sent to attack Chengyang. They defeated the Qin army in Puyang East. The Qin army was forced to retreat into Puyang City. Xiang Yu and Liu Bang led the army to attack Dingtao and kill Qin General Li you. Xiang Liang was very proud to break the Qin army. At this time, Qin sent a large number of reinforcements to support Zhang Han. After getting reinforcements, Zhang Han raided Xiang Liang and Xiang Liang was defeated and killed. Xiang Yu and Liu Bang fought against Chen Liu, so they negotiated to withdraw. Xiang Yu led his troops to the west of Pengcheng, and Liu Bang stationed them in Dang.

Battle of Julu

After Zhang Han defeated Xiang Liang, he thought that Chu soldiers were not enough to worry about, so he led his army north across the Yellow River and defeated Zhao. With Chen Yu as general and Zhang Er as prime minister, King Zhao defeated Julu, and Zhang Han led Wang Li and Han to besiege Julu with a total of 400000.

Hearing that Xiang Liang died in the war, King Huai of Chu was very afraid. He rushed to Pengcheng from xutai. He recruited Xiang Yu and LV Chen's troops and led them by himself. He appointed LV Chen as his apprentice. LV Qing, LV Chen's father, was his Lingyin and Liu Bang was his prefect and Marquis of Wu'an. He still led the army of Dang county.

In the third year of Qin II (207 BC), King Huai of Chu took Song Yi as the superior general, Xiang Yu as the Duke of Lu, the second general, and fan Zeng as the last general. With Song Yi as the commander, he led 50000 soldiers to save Zhao. Song Yijun marched to Anyang and stayed for 46 days. Xiang Yu suggested to Song Yi: "the Qin army encircles Zhao in Julu. We can quickly lead our troops across the river and attack with Zhao soldiers both inside and outside. We can certainly defeat the Qin army." But Song Yi was not willing to send troops, and he was still drinking and having fun in the army. When the weather was cold and heavy rain, the soldiers were cold and hungry. Seeing this situation, Xiang Yu went to see Song Yi in the morning and killed him. Xiang Yu holds Song Yi's head and tells the soldiers: "Song Yi wants to conspire with Qi Lian. King Huai of Chu secretly orders me to kill him." Because of fear, the generals gave in and did not dare to resist, so Xiang Yu was promoted to be the general for the time being. Huan Chu reported the matter to King Huai of Chu, who appointed Xiang Yu as the superior general.

After Xiang Yu killed Song Yi, he shocked the state of Chu and became famous. So he sent dangyangjun and general Pu to lead 20000 soldiers across the river to attack the corridor where Zhang Han delivered grain to Wang Li's army for many times, but the harvest was not good. Zhao General Chen Yu sent for Xiang Yu to send troops again. Xiang Yu led all his troops across the river and fought with the Qin army nine times. Zhang Han broke away. Xiang Yu led his army to the north to attack Wang Li. Chu's soldiers were ten to one, and their voice was very strong. After Zhang Han was defeated, the princes were greatly encouraged. They attacked Wang Li with Xiang Yu, killed Su Jiao, and captured Wang Li. Qin's general shejian didn't want to surrender and committed suicide. After defeating the Qin army, Xiang Yu summoned the generals at Yuanmen. All the generals knelt down and did not dare to look up to Xiang Yu. So Xiang Yu became a general of the vassals, and they all belonged to him.

Zhang Han led his troops in Jiyuan and Xiang Yu stationed them in the south of zhangshui. The Qin army was defeated by Xiang Yu many times. Qin II sent someone to blame Zhang Han. Zhang Han was afraid, so he sent his commander Shi Sima Xin to ask for instructions. When Sima Xin arrived in Xianyang, Zhao Gao stayed in Sima men for three days and refused to meet him, which meant he didn't trust him. Sima Xin was very afraid and fled to Zhanghan camp to persuade Zhanghan to make plans. Chen Yu of Zhao army also wrote to Zhanghan to persuade him to fight against Qin Dynasty. Zhang Han secretly sent envoys to Xiangyu camp to discuss the peace treaty, but no agreement was reached.

Xiang Yu asked general Pu to lead the troops, and he went through sanhujin day and night to fight the Qin army and defeat it. Then Xiang Yu led the whole army to defeat the Qin army. Xiang Yu promised to send more and more people to discuss with him Military officials said yes. Therefore, Xiang Yu and Zhang hanyue met at Yinxu in the south of Huan River and made an alliance. After Zhang Han saw Xiang Yu, he cried out to Xiang Yu about Zhao Gao's various behaviors. So Xiang Yu established Zhang Han as king Yong, Sima Xin as superior general, and led the Qin army to Xin'an.

In November of the first year of the Han Dynasty (206 B.C.), the soldiers of the princes used to serve as corvee in the Qin Dynasty, and they were all scolded by the Qin soldiers. Now the Qin soldiers surrender to the princes, and the soldiers of the princes drive them as slaves, which causes the discontent of the Qin soldiers and makes plans secretly. When the princes heard about the tactics of the Qin soldiers, they told Xiang Yu about them. Xiang Yu called together qingbu, general Pu and others to discuss. He thought that there were a lot of Qin soldiers. If they didn't obey the orders after entering Guanzhong, they would cause great disasters. As a result, Xiang Yu killed more than 200000 Qin JIANGZU in the south of Xin'an city.

balkanize the seigniory

After Xiang Yu destroyed the main force of the Qin army, he led the princes to march to Hangu pass. He found that there were soldiers guarding the pass, but Xiang Yu's army could not pass. He also heard that Liu Bang had conquered Xianyang. Xiang Yu was very angry and sent Dangyang Jun to conquer Hangu pass. 400000 troops were stationed in Hongmen of Xinfeng, and 100000 troops of Liu Bang were stationed in Bashang. Liu bangzuo Sima Cao Wushang sent someone to tell Xiang Yu that Liu Bang wanted to be king in Guanzhong, and he used his son and baby as his prime minister, and all the treasures were possessed. Fan zengyang also told Xiang Yu that Liu Bang was greedy and lustful when he was in Shandong Province, but she didn't take property after entering the pass. She had a great ambition and should kill him as soon as possible.

Uncle Xiang Yu has a friendly relationship with Zhang Liang, who is under Liu Bang's command. He goes to Liu Bang's army overnight to see Zhang Liang. He wants to persuade Zhang Liang to escape, but Zhang Liang pulls him in. Xiang Bo tells Xiang Yu after he comes back that Liu Bang has made great contributions to the attack of Xianyang. If the attack is unjust, Xiang Yu agrees.

Liu Bang led more than 100 cavalry to see Xiang Yu the next day. Fan Zeng suggested that Xiang Yu kill Liu Bang, but Xiang Yu couldn't bear it and didn't answer. Therefore, fan Zeng asked Xiang Zhuang to dance his sword during the banquet, waiting for the opportunity to assassinate Liu Bang, while Xiang Bo also drew his sword to dance, blocking Xiang Zhuang. Seeing this, Zhang Liang went to the army gate to find fan Kuai.

Fan Kuai forced into the account and said something to Xiang Yu, but Xiang Yu was speechless. So Liu Bang waited for an opportunity to escape. He left Zhang Liang to dedicate Bai Bi Yu Dou to Xiang Yu and fan Zeng. He threw himself out of the car to ride on the toilet and took fan Kuai, Xia Houying and others to escape from Lishan road to Ba Shang. Xiang Yu accepts that Bai Bi puts it on the table, but fan Zeng doesn't

Chinese PinYin : Xiang Yu