Liu Kai
Liu Kai
Liu Kai? ~About 124 years), word Boyu, peiguofeng (now Fengxian, Jiangsu) people. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Liu Xun, the fifth grandson of Emperor Xuan of the Han Dynasty, Liu Xiao, the king of filial piety of Chu, and Liu Banzi, the Marquis of home.
I don't want to attack the Baron and live in seclusion. Recommended by his servant Jia Kui, he joined the imperial court as a Lang and moved to his servant. His popularity was greatly admired, and he moved to be an infantry captain. In the 13th year of emperor Yongyuan of Han he, he moved Zong Zhengqing, Shizhong and Changshui Xiaowei. In the first year of emperor Yongchu of Han an, Zhou Zhang was regarded as Taichang. In six years, Zhang Min was the representative of Sikong.
In the second year of the Yuan Dynasty, Xia Qin acted as situ. After five years in office, he resigned because of illness. He was recommended by Chen Zhong, the Minister of history. After three years in office, he became an official due to illness, and died at the age of over.
Life of the characters
Liu Kai's name is Bo Yu. According to etiquette, he should inherit the title of nobility like his father Liu. In order to let his younger brother Liu Xian attack the Marquis, he left home to escape the hereditary marquis. After a long time, during the reign of Zhang He, the relevant departments wrote a letter requesting the removal of his feudalism. Han suzong praised Liu Kai's righteous deeds and gave him special treatment and tolerance, but Liu Kai refused to show up. After more than ten years, Yongyuan decade, the relevant departments reiterated the original request to remove Liu Kai's feudalism. Jia Kui, the servant, wrote a book to the emperor, saying: "Confucius said," if you can use the principle of comity to govern the country, there will be no difficulty in handling state affairs! ". I learned that Liu Kai, the heir son of the Marquis of the nest, was a man of ordinary conduct, friendly to his brothers, modest and innocent. He gave up the kingdom to his younger brother Liu Xian and lived in seclusion for a long time. The authorities concerned did not scrutinize the original intention of Liu Kai's willingness to do good, but dealt with the matter according to the usual rules, which probably could not encourage the atmosphere of comity, nor could it complete the education of tolerance and benevolence. Wei Xuancheng, the Marquis of Fuyang in the former dynasty, and Ding Hong, the Marquis of Lingyang in the modern times. They were not knighted because of their noble character. They had never heard of their being demoted, but they were promoted to the position of prime minister. Now Liu Kai admires his predecessors and has Boyi's moral integrity. He should be forgiven, and his ancestors' achievements should be preserved, so as to expand the reputation of advocating benevolence and morality of the imperial court. " Emperor he adopted his suggestion and issued an imperial edict, saying: "the late Juchao Marquis Liu ban, his successor son Liu Kai, should inherit the title of marquis from his father Liu ban (according to etiquette). Liu Kai claimed to comply with his father's will, relinquish the title of marquis to his younger brother Liu Xian, and fled and lived in seclusion for seven years. The great law is to praise good deeds and help people accomplish good things. He now gives permission to Liu Jue. This is an expedient treatment for special circumstances, and it should not be taken as an example in the future. " So Liu Kai was recruited, appointed Lang, and soon promoted to a servant.
Liu Kai entered the court as an official, and no one in the same court did not respect his conduct. Liu Kai has a pure and simple temperament. He highly praises those who have talent and morality but live in seclusion. When recruiting and recommending talents, he must take the cave man (hermit) as the first. He commented and quoted with elegance. In the past, the system stipulated that Sangong, Jiuqing, erqianshi officials and assassins were not allowed to observe their parents' funerals for three years, so many officials in the imperial court abandoned the funerals. In the early Yuan Dynasty, Empress Dowager Deng issued an imperial edict stipulating that officials below the rank of chief officials who did not mourn for their parents for three years were not allowed to participate in leading litigation cases and selecting and employing talents. At that time, it was said that the governor of the state should also implement the same funeral system. The imperial court issued an imperial edict for the ministers to discuss, and most of them thought that it was inconvenient for the prefectures to carry out this funeral system. Only Liu Kai suggested: "the reason why the imperial court issued an imperial edict to make it necessary for the chief officials to observe mourning for three years is to advocate education and change customs to achieve the purpose of promoting filial piety. At present, the official positions such as Ci Shi and ER Qian Shi, as the teachers of prefectures and counties, are responsible for educating the people and beautifying the customs. It is reasonable that they should implement the ritual of mourning for their parents for three years, and set an example for others. However, those who talked about it did not explore its origin, so much so that they said that prefecture level officials should not mourn for three years. This is like making the source of the river turbid but wanting a clear spring, and making the shape of the trees curved but wanting a straight shadow. This is impossible to achieve the goal. " The Empress Dowager followed his advice.
At that time, Ren Shang, a captain of Zhengxi school, was detained for illegally seeking benefits and was prosecuted for the crime. Ren Shang used to be the deputy of general Deng, so Deng's party members sheltered him. Taiwei Ma Ying and Sikong Li Ying catered to Deng's will and released Ren Shang's imprisonment without prior instructions. Liu Kai did not agree with the verdict. Later, when Shangshutai investigated the case, Taiwei Ma Ying and Sikong Lihe were both blamed, and the imperial court praised Liu Kai. When Han an emperor was in charge of the government, he ordered Liu Kai to confer the position of Taiwei. After three years in office, he asked to leave his post and return home because of his physical illness. It took Emperor Han an a long time to agree to him. More than a year later, he died at home.
The imperial court sent envoys to supervise the funeral and gave Dongyuan secret weapons, 500000 yuan and 1000 pieces of cloth.
Historical evaluation
Fan Ye praised the book of the later Han Dynasty, saying: childe, Changping, Linkou, Rensheng. Chunyu benevolence, "great filial piety" in name. He lived in a nest and read well, so he inherited his family salary. Bo Yu's wandering is a lonely bamboo. Wen Chu thin end, decadent only speed. Zhou Neng feels close, but he is stingy. 
Relative members
Tianzu: Liu Xun, Emperor Xuan of Han Dynasty
Gaozu: Liu Xiao, king of filial piety of Chu
Great ancestor: Liu Yan, king of Chu
Grandfather: Liu Yu, king of Chu
Father: Liu ban
Brother: Liu Xian, Hou Juchao
Son: Liu Mao
Historical records
Volume 39 of the later Han Dynasty Liu Zhao Chun Yu Jiang Liu Zhou Zhao lie Zhuan 29
Liu Kai, whose name is Bo Yu, is the youngest son of Liu Pang, the Marquis of the nest. He gave up his position to di Xian and escaped from the throne. When he was more than ten years old, in the 10th year of Yongyuan, there was a recital by a minister. His servant Jia Kui wrote: "Confucius said, 'if you can give way to the country by courtesy, how can you be in politics'. When he saw the heir Kai of the nest Marquis Liu ban, he was a filial friend, modest and clean, and let him be his brother Xian. There is not the original division of good heart, and rope to follow the usual law, fear is not long to give up the wind, into Hanhong. Wei Xuancheng, the former Fuyang Marquis, was close to Ding Hong, the Lingyang Marquis, and Deng Biao, the Fuyang marquis. Today Kai worships the former cultivation, and has the festival of Boyi. He should be forgiven, and make full use of his previous achievements, so as to enhance the beauty of upholding virtue in the holy Dynasty. " He di Na, is Zheng Kai, worship for Lang, slightly moved to serve.
When Kai entered the dynasty, those in power did not ignore his popularity. Move the infantry captain. In the 13th year, he moved to Zhengzong. He returned to the Shizhong and moved to be the captain of the water school. In the first year of Yongchu, Zhou Zhang was regarded as Taichang. Kaixing is very ancient and noble. Every time there is a sign, the cave must be built first. The argumentation is correct and elegant. In six years, Zhang Min was the representative of Sikong. In the second year of the Yuan Dynasty, Xia Qin was taken as situ.
In the old system, Gongqing, erqianshi and Cishi were not allowed to mourn for three years. Yuan junior high school, Empress Dowager Deng zhaochangli below not for pro line service, not Diancheng election. At that time, it was said that the system should be adopted by the shepherd and the Minister of state, who thought it was inconvenient. Kaiduyi said: "the imperial edict is the subject of uniform, and it is also a way of advocating and changing the customs and promoting filial piety. Today, the chief of the governor of one state, the commander of two thousand stones and a thousand li, is in charge of defending the common people, publicizing the customs, especially respecting the ceremony and giving priority to the body. However, the proponents do not seek the end of it. As for the rules of grazing, it is not appropriate to use them. It is impossible to get them because they are still turbid in the source and want to clear up the flow, and because they want to be straight in the scenery The Empress Dowager followed.
At that time, Ren Shang, the commander of Zhengxi school, was charged with treachery. Shang Zeng's deputy general Deng Gu was protected by his party, while Tai Wei Ma Ying and Si Kong's Li Ying accepted his order and did not ask for it first, that is to say, they would only release Shang Zang Gu, but Kai refused to discuss with him. After the book case, the two governments were punished, and the imperial court called it.
Shi Shi was five years old. In the first year of Yongning, he wrote to an official when he was ill. He issued an imperial edict to Xu Yan, and gave him an additional 300000 yuan to support him with a thousand Shilu. Yin Chang of Henan Province gave him goat wine in August. At that time, Emperor an began to engage in political affairs. The imperial court often called him kaizhide. The emperor sent him to ask about his daily life and gave him a generous reward. After meeting Ma Yingce, the Minister Chen Zhongshang recommended Kai and said:
The minister heard that the three gongs went up the steps, down the mountains, and headed by the head of state. In order to coordinate Yin and Yang, to train five grades, to test merit and ability, to order the common staff, not confused by the strong wind, not confused by the rain, not heavy. Now the boss is absent, and no one has been discussed. He was also known as Taichang Zhu and Shaofu Xun Qian. Chen Fu Chong, the former Minister of Si Kong, was a member of the family of Yu and Qian. He was narrow-minded when he was able to speak scriptures, while Qian Yanyi was more upright than art and literature. He met Liu Kai, the former situ, and Shen chongyuanyi. He was well versed in morality. He conquered the land and became a weak brother. He bowed his ambition to the clouds. He also had a noble spirit. He experienced the second division frequently and acted politely. He became an official because of his illness. He was in the lane. He was at yoshichun. He advanced and retreated in a proper way. He had a hundred views and returned home at home. In the past, Kong Guang and Shi Dan, and in modern times, Deng Biao and Zhang all went to the prime minister and ordered their superiors. Honesty should be concise and unique, and be popular.
The book played, the imperial edict quoted Kaibai Taiwei. In the early days of emperor an, sun Guang, the Prime Minister of Qinghe, pleaded guilty by sitting in Tibet, so he imprisoned II and defied his son. At that time, fan, a Juyan Duwei, committed the crime of Zang again and ordered Sangong and Tingwei to discuss it. Situ Yangzhen, Sikong Chenbao and Tingwei Zhanghao discussed yiguangbi. Kaidu thought: "the meaning of the spring and Autumn Annals is that" good and good are related to the descendants, and evil and evil are related to the body. ". "Shangshu" said: "the upper punishment is light, and the lower punishment is heavy. "Now, it is not the intention of the former king to make the Zang officials imprison his descendants, and to treat them with light and heavy punishment, and to fear good people." There is an imperial edict: "Taiwei is right."
For three years, he begged for bones with illness. After a long time, he went down to Yin Li in Henan Province. He died at home. He ordered envoys to protect the funeral and gave Dongyuan secret weapons, 500000 yuan in money and 1000 pieces of cloth.
Chinese PinYin : Liu Kai
Liu Kai
