Zhang Yunxia

Zhang Yunxia

Zhang Yunxia, formerly known as Tao dimin, born in Hangzhou, was born in Shanghai in July 1926. She died of vasculitis at 8:40 on April 18, 2004. He once served as director of Luwan District literature and art branch, executive director of Shanghai Branch of China Drama Association, standing member of Luwan District People's Congress, and honorary head of Luwan Yueju troupe.

Personal experience

In 1935, he studied in Shanghai Tongyi primary and secondary school. When he was a child, he studied Xusheng opera of Yu School under the guidance of Li Wenkui. In 1939, he performed wupen Ji and Zhuo Fang Cao successfully on the new stage, and was known as a "ten year old boy". He joined yumudan Yue Opera Troupe in 1943. From 1944 to 1945, he took part in the Imperial Palace, laozha and other theatres, and was taught by Liu Jinyu. In the first half of 1946, he joined Tianhong opera company to sing three shoulder Huadan, and together with Xu Tianhong, he made the record "filial piety". In the second half of the year, he participated in the Xuesheng troupe led by Yuan Xuefen and fan Ruijuan, which is called sanjiandan. During this period, he devoted himself to studying the art of Yuan school, and partnered with Hu Shaopeng, a student of fan school. He often sang the wonderful singing of yuan and fan's Liang Zhu Ai Shi, Xiang Fei, Yi Pian Ma and other dramas on the radio, which soon made an impact on the audience and became known as the "flower of Yuan school". He then turned to the Dongshan Yue art club headed by fan Ruijuan and Fu Quanxiang, and took part in the 1947 "ten sisters" benefit performance of Yue opera. In "love between mountains and rivers", he first played Qiu Kai, and then played Dai Ying instead of Fu Quanxiang. In 1948, he took part in the film Xianglinsao and played the role of Liu ma. In 1948, he was transferred to young Yue Opera Troupe to sing Er Jian Dan. In October 1950, she was the main actor of Fanghua Yueju Opera Troupe and co starred with Yin Guifang in jade dragonfly and other plays. In the autumn of 1951, he entered Shanghai Experimental Yue Opera Troupe as the head and shoulder of Huadan. In January 1952, he rejoined the young Yue Opera Troupe as head shoulder Huadan and deputy head of the troupe. He co starred with Lu Jinhua in such plays as the fate of Qin and Se, Xu Xian and Bai Niang Zi, etc. Then he stopped performing for one year, and learned Kunqu Opera such as "a dream in the garden", "horse peddling" and "hujiazhuang". On December 9, 1953, the fourth day of November in the Guisi year of the lunar calendar, the young Yue Opera Troupe premiered yuan men Jian nu. After returning to the stage in 1954 to 1966, he served as the head of the young Yue Opera Troupe and starred in dozens of costume plays and modern plays. After the cultural revolution, he served as the head of Luwan Yueju Opera Troupe, starring in the new drama "You Long Fei Feng", "Jin Dian rang Zi" and the modern drama "Acacia". He joined the Chinese peasants and Workers Democratic Party in 1957. June 15, 1957, May 18, Dingyou year of the lunar calendar: the third workshop for opera actors was held. On April 7, 1959, February 30, the year of Jihai in the lunar calendar: Li Cuiying was put on by the young Yue Opera Troupe. He joined the Communist Party of China in 1986. In 1960, he was employed as a part-time teacher of Shanghai Yueju opera academy. In 1985, he was employed to teach Yueju Opera class of Shanghai Opera School. In the spring of 1989, Shanghai Art Research Institute, Shanghai Drama Association and other 12 units jointly held a "Zhang Yunxia performance art seminar (Concert)" for her. In 1990, Zhang Yunxia's performing arts, which recorded his artistic path and performing experience, was published by Xuelin publishing house.

Main works

In the mid-1950s, art began to mature, with a wide range of theatrical skills, specializing in Huadan, as well as Tsing Yi and Dao Ma Dan. We should start from life, experience character, perform deeply and delicately, and be able to seek differences in the same type of roles and similar dramatic situations, so as to shape character personality. The singing is made by combining true and false voice, and the singing voice is born from Yuan school, and also stores Fu school. It also absorbs the nourishment from brother art. It has the characteristics of pure and euphemism and colorful, and it is called "Zhang school". The representatives are Li Cuiying, spring grass and Diao Chan. There are also excellent performances in Yuan men Jian Nu, Meng Li Jun, Bi Yu Zan, Qin Xiang Lian and other dramas, all of which have been recorded and released by China record company. The singing of Diao Chan worships the moon is especially appreciated by the industry. Zhang school is the Dan role school of Yue Opera founded by Zhang Yunxia. In her childhood, Zhang Yunxia studied Xusheng opera of Yu School of Beijing opera. After joining Xuesheng opera company in 1946, she was influenced by Yuan school art and imitated yuan Xuefen's singing and performance in the early stage. Later, she took part in Dongshan Yue art club and Fanghua opera company. Since 1953, she has presided over young Yue opera company and served as head and main actor. On the basis of the euphemistic and delicate Yuan school, her singing style integrates the beautiful and changeable colors of the Fu school, absorbs the nutrition of Beijing Opera and Kun Opera, learns from the Western vocal music's vocal methods, uses the combination of true and false voice, and develops the range. The range of her singing style can reach two octaves, and the high and low voices are connected freely, which has unique charm and charm. Zhang Yunxia's singing is characterized by strong melody, large fluctuation, rich small tune and flexible changes. She is good at using a variety of decorative sounds to moisten the tune. She is unique in her graceful, soft and gorgeous style, especially in her singing. For example, in the representative work Diao Chan. Worship the moon, the part of singing "to the moon alone" is a kind of inner monologue. In the front part, it shows the unique characteristics of spinning when it goes up to the treble, so as to express the character's agitation of worrying about the country and the people; in the back part, it turns to the narration, with the character's anxiety and depression. This is different from the Yuan school's singing of burning incense and praying in the story of the west chamber. Qin Xin. The intensity of the singing is gradually strengthened, and the pitch of "telling one's heart" at the end is greatly fluctuating. in "Dino", in order to create the image of Dino, Jingpo folk songs are integrated into the singing. Liu Haisu, an old painter, used the eight words "pay attention to beautification, pursue beautification" to summarize the singing characteristics of Zhang school, which is very accurate. in her performance and singing, Zhang Yunxia pays great attention to depicting the different personalities of the characters. For example, in you long Fei Feng, she plays two roles. They are young women with similar features but different personalities. One is an official miss, fan ChuChu, who loves vanity and Li Daitao. One is the rural girl Liu Jingjing, who is not greedy for glory and wealth, and is not afraid of power.

Artistic pursuit

Zhang Yunxia's singing style is rich in variety, with the combination of true and false sounds, easy to use and clear enunciation. In Li Cuiying's complaint, she sings a paragraph of the complaint. According to the development of the characters' feelings, she uses different speed plates to vividly and carefully express the characters' feelings. Such as natural fluency, true and false voice convergence does not reveal traces; especially in the last paragraph from the fast [middle plate] to the rapid [fast Allegro], the speed of this plate is rare in Yue opera, but Zhang Yunxia with a very strong basic skills of enunciation, to achieve the correct pronunciation, fast and not messy. This piece of singing has also become a typical aria representing the characteristics of Zhang school. Zhang Yunxia is good at playing Huadan, Qingyi, daoma and Guimen. She gives different musical images to different characters in the same business according to their personalities. For example, in Li Cuiying's complaint, Li Cuiying's singing tone is bright and fluent, emphasizing the pungent side of her character; in Chuncao Chuangtang, Chuncao's singing mostly uses tactful and smooth tunes to show her lively and playful character. His disciples include Xue Guizhen, he Saifei, Wu Guolan, Yuan Xiaoyun, Yang Xuemei, Xu Qin, Zheng Quan, Hong Qian, Shu Xuefang, etc.

Chinese PinYin : Zhang Yun Xia