Huangshi
Huangshi
Huangshi, a prefecture level city in Hubei Province, is located in the southeast of Hubei Province, on the South Bank of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, facing Huanggang City across the river in the northeast, adjacent to Echeng District of Ezhou City in the north, Jiangxia District and Liangzihu District of Wuhan City in the West, Xian'an district and Tongshan County of Xianning City in the southwest, and Wuning county and Ruichang city of Jiujiang City in Jiangxi Province in the southeast. Huangshi is one of the first two cities under the jurisdiction of Hubei Province after the founding of new China. It is a vice central city of Wuhan city circle, an important member of the urban agglomeration in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, an important raw material industrial base in Central China, a national pilot city of resource exhausted transformation, and an open city along the Yangtze River approved by the State Council. In June 2017, Huangshi was named the national health city.
With a total area of 4583 square kilometers, Huangshi has four municipal districts, one county, one county-level city and one national development zone. By 2019, the city's permanent resident population is 2.4717 million, with an urbanization rate of 64%.
Huangshi is one of the birthplaces of Chinese bronze culture, and also the cradle of modern Chinese national industry. There are Wujiu railway running through Huangshi, four expressways including Daguang, Huyu, Fuyin, hangrui, and a national first-class water transport port. Huangshi is high in the southwest and low in the northeast, inclining from the southwest to the northeast. It has a subtropical monsoon climate with four distinct seasons and abundant rainfall. There are many scenic spots with natural landscape and human history represented by "three mountains and three lakes".
In October 2018, it won the honorary title of "2018 National Forest City". In November 2018, it was selected into the top 100 of the overall well-off index of Chinese cities.
Historical evolution
In the Tang Dynasty, the city belonged to Yangyue.
In Xia and Shang Dynasties, the city belonged to Jingzhou.
In the Western Zhou Dynasty, it was called e, the territory of e Hou.
In 887 BC, xiongqu (Viscount), the king of Chu, attacked Yang Yue to e (now Ezhou and Daye), and named Xionghong as the king of e. the city was under the jurisdiction of the king of Chu. Spring and autumn and Warring States belong to Chu and Qin.
In the 29th year of emperor Zhaoxiang of Qin Dynasty (278 BC), Jiangxia county was set up to the east of Jingling and the south of the Yangtze River. From then on, e County moved to the south of Jiangxia. There were 14 counties in Jiangxia County, including e County and Xiazhi county.
During the Three Kingdoms period, in the first year of Zhangwu in Shu Han Dynasty and the second year of Huangchu in Wei Dynasty (221), Sun Quan moved his capital from gong'an to e (today's Ezhou), changed e to Wuchang, and cut the south of e to Jianyang new County, Wuchang county was Wuchang County, Xiazhi County, Yangxin County, Chaisang County, Shaxian County and Xunyang county.
In 223, Sun Quan moved the prefecture to Xiakou (now Hankou). Wuchang county was changed to Jiangxia County, and the city was located in Wuchang and Yangxin counties of Jiangxia county.
In the first year of Taikang in the Western Jin Dynasty (280), Jiangxia county was changed into Wuchang County, with seven counties including Wuchang, Chaisang, e County, Yangxin, Shaxian, Shayang and Gaoling. The city is located in Wuchang, e County and Yangxin County. Soon after, Wuchang and E county merged and became Wuchang county. The city was located in Wuchang and Yangxin counties.
In the first year of Jianwu (317), Jiangzhou moved from Yuzhou to Wuchang. In 384, Emperor Xiaowu moved to Xunyang. In 412, Xiazhi county was merged into Yangxin County. The city is located in Wuchang and Yangxin counties.
In 589, the first year of Xiaojian in Song Dynasty, Yangxin was changed to Fuchuan, and soon Fuchuan was changed to Yongxing. The city was located in Wuchang and Yongxing counties. Liang set Xiling County here and later abandoned it.
The city of Tang Dynasty was located in Wuchang and Yongxing counties of Ezhou. At the end of Tang Dynasty, the nine southern states rose, and the city was located in Wu state. In the second year of emperor AI's Tianyou of Tang Dynasty (905 noon), Yang xingmi, king of Wu, set up a site in Yongxing County and Wuchang to build a Castle Peak yard for large-scale mining and smelting. The city is located in Ezhou of Wu state.
During the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, the city was located in Wuchang county and Yongxing County of Ezhou. During the Liang and Tang Dynasties, it belonged to Wu, Jin, Han, Later Zhou, early Northern Song and Southern Tang.
In 967, Daye county was founded in the Southern Tang Dynasty. Since then, from the Song Dynasty to the Republic of China, the city was subordinate to Xingguo Road, Xingguo Prefecture, Wuchang Prefecture and Daye County of Hubei Province.
In 1927, Daye county was a part of the Hunan Hubei Jiangxi Revolutionary Base led by the Communist Party of China.
The Soviet government of Daye county was established in 1930. It was subordinate to the Eastern Hubei Revolutionary Committee, the Eastern Hubei Office of the Soviet government of Hunan, Hubei and Jiangxi provinces, and the southeastern Hubei Soviet government of Hunan, Hubei and Jiangxi provinces. In 1932, the national government established the Hubei Provincial Office of the Commissioner of administrative supervision between the provinces and counties, which belonged to Daye County, the second special office of Hubei Province; in 1938, it was changed to the first special office.
In 1938, Daye was occupied by the Japanese. The Japanese Army established a puppet regime in Daye, which was called "Daye county government of Hubei Province of the Republic of China", and established "Shihuang demonstration area" in shihuiyao and huangshigang towns. The Kuomintang Daye county government was exiled to maopu and other places.
In 1942, the 14th brigade of the fifth division of the New Fourth Army under the leadership of the Communist Party of China successively established the da'e government affairs committee, the da'e Government Affairs Committee and the yang'e Government Affairs Committee in Daye, Yangxin and Echeng, all under the leadership of the southern Hubei government affairs committee.
On August 15, 1945, Japan announced its surrender, and the Kuomintang Daye county government took over, and restored the two towns of lime kiln and huangshigang under the jurisdiction of Daye county. In 1948, the two towns were merged into Shihuang Town, which belongs to Daye county.
On May 15, 1949, the Chinese people's Liberation Army liberated Shihuang town.
Daye was liberated on May 15, 1949.
On June 12, 1949, the special commissioner's office for lime kiln industry of Wuhan military control commission was established. Without the approval of the Central Plains provisional people's government, the "Hubei Daye Special Zone Office" was set up under the leadership of the Central Plains provisional people's government. On June 9, Daye County People's government was established. On September 29, the people's Government of Daye Special Industrial and mining zone of Hubei Province was established in the towns of paishihuang and tielu.
On June 16, 1950, the people's Government of Hubei Province applied to the Central South military and political Commission for the reorganization of the Shihuang industrial and mining area into a city named "Huangshi City" by the document No. 104 issued by the people's Government of Hubei Province.
On August 21, 1950, Huangshi City under the jurisdiction of Hubei Province was officially established.
In June 1952, Daye county was under the jurisdiction of Huanggang special office.
On January 26, 1959, Daye county was transferred from Huanggang district to Huangshi City; in December of the same year, Daye county was abolished and merged into Huangshi City.
On June 1, 1962, Daye county was restored and still belongs to Huangshi City.
In 1979, Huangshi officially established four county-level municipal districts, namely huangshigang, limekiln, Xialu and Tieshan.
In 1992, the people's Government of Hubei Province approved Huangshi economic and Technological Development Zone as a provincial high-tech and economic and Technological Development Zone.
On April 28, 1994, Daye City was named Daye City.
On January 1, 1995, Daye was officially established.
On December 2, 1996, the State Council approved Yangxin County from Xianning area to Huangshi City.
In 1999, Huangshi high tech Industrial Development Zone, Huahu Development Zone and Tuanchengshan development zone were established.
In 2002, the development zone was reorganized and Huangshi economic and Technological Development Zone (deputy department level) was formally established.
On March 21, 2010, the State Council approved the upgrading of Huangshi economic and Technological Development Zone into a national economic and Technological Development Zone.
In May 2013, Dawang Town, Taizi town and Jinhai Coal Development Zone under the jurisdiction of Yangxin County were entrusted by the Management Committee of Huangshi economic and Technological Development Zone.
administrative division
As of March 2015, Huangshi City has four districts and one county, one county-level city under its jurisdiction, and the municipal government is located in Hangzhou East Road, Xialu district.
geographical environment
Location context
Huangshi City is located in the southeast of Hubei Province, on the South Bank of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, facing Huanggang City across the river in the northeast, adjacent to Echeng District of Ezhou City in the north, Jiangxia District of Wuhan city and Liangzihu District of Ezhou City in the west, Xian'an district and Tongshan County of Xianning City in the southwest, and Wuning county and Ruichang city of Jiujiang City in Jiangxi Province in the southeast. The total area of Huangshi City is 4583 square kilometers, spanning 114 ° 31 '- 115 ° E It is between 29 ° 30 ′ and 30 ° 15 ′ n.
geological structure
The geological structure of Huangshi is complex. Strata: 1. Cambrian (615-500 million years ago) is a set of shallow marine carbonate deposits. 2. The Ordovician (500-440 million years ago) is composed of dolomitic limestone and argillaceous shale. 3. The Silurian system (440-400 million years ago) is composed of a large number of shallow marine clastic rocks. 4. Devonian System (400-350 million years ago) is mainly composed of grayish white to thick quartzite conglomerates intercalated with claystone, sometimes quartzite or quartzite conglomerates at the bottom. 5. The Carboniferous (350-285 million years ago) is a large shallow marine carbonate deposit. 6. The Permian (285-230 million years ago) is referred to as marine carbonate, and the upper series is carbonaceous. 7. The lower Triassic (230-195 million years ago) is carbonate rock deposited in shallow sea facies, in which limestone and dolomite are high-quality cement and metallurgical solvent raw materials, and the upper middle series is a large clastic rock. 8. Jurassic (195-135 million years ago) is one of the important coal bearing strata in Hubei Province. It is a set of lacustrine clastic rocks. 9. The Cretaceous (135-80 million years ago) is mainly composed of volcanic rocks, clastic rocks and argillaceous siltstones. 10. The tertiary (0
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