Yi People's Sanxian dance (Axi tiaoyue)

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Yi People's Sanxian dance (Axi tiaoyue)

Applicant: Mile County, Yunnan Province

Item No.: 672

Project No.: Ⅲ - 75

Time of publication: 2008 (second batch)

Category: traditional dance

Region:

Type: new item

Applicant: Mile County, Yunnan Province

Protected by: Maitreya Cultural Center

Introduction to Yi People's Sanxian dance (Axi tiaoyue)

Applicant: Mile County, Yunnan Province

The Yi People's Sanxian dance is a kind of folk dance passed down from generation to generation. In leisure or joy, the Yi people often dance it. Different regions and different branches of Yi have different appellations for Sanxian dance. Sanxian dance, which is popular in Axi Yi area, is called "Axi tiaoyue", and Sani big Sanxian, which is popular in Sani Yi area. Sanxian dance is a group dance, both men and women can participate in, but only men use Sanxian dance, women just dance with rhythm. The three string dance of Yi nationality can be divided into two types: big three string dance and small three string dance. Young people use big three string dance when they dance, so it is called "big three string dance"; middle-aged and old people use small three string dance when they dance, so it is called "small three string dance". Big three string dance has a long history. In recent decades, it is often seen in large-scale celebrations and film and television programs, so it has a high reputation in China. Comparatively speaking, the music and dance rhythm of small three string dance is slow, so it is also called "slow three steps". For a long time, the Yi People's Sanxian dance, which creates a happy and peaceful atmosphere, has been playing a positive role in enhancing group consciousness and promoting national unity. It is praised as the "living fossil" of ancient dance by relevant scholars, and provides a large number of valuable materials with high cognitive value for the study of the origin and development of dance.

ASI tiaoyue is called "gasby" in ASI language, which means "happy jump". It is the most representative folk dance of the Axi people of Yi nationality. It originates from the primitive "Axi dance music" of the Axi people. It is often danced by the campfire in the moonlight, so it is called "Axi dance moon". Axi tiaoyue originated in Xishan, Mile County, Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province. It is widely spread in villages inhabited by Yi Axi people in Mile County, Luxi and Luliang.

There are many legends about the origin of ASI tiaoyue. In ancient times, there was a man named "Mudeng" who drilled fir to make fire and found a way for people to keep the fire. People are overjoyed, collecting firewood to set fire, dancing and celebrating around the bonfire. This is the origin of Axi tiaoyue. People call it "mudenby", which means "jump bonfire". As for why the Axi people always keep dancing in the "three-step string", there is another legend: long ago, the people in Axi area had been living a life of slave cultivation. Every sowing season, in order to seize the time, people can't wait for the burning Mars to go out, so they begin to work barefoot in the hot fields. In order to make the feet less burned by the field fire, they work while jumping. Later, on the basis of this non-stop jumping dynamic, people increased the left and right swing and high fives of pedaling and upper limbs, and gradually formed the "Axi moon jumping". After the founding of new China, the people of Axi became the masters of the country and the nation, and "Dancing" gradually got rid of all kinds of taboos and became an indispensable folk cultural and entertainment activity for new year or festival.

The participants of ASI moon dance are less than a dozen or more, and more than a thousand. Most of them perform in sacrifice, festivals and grand ceremonies, with strong spontaneity, self entertainment and mass. The dance can be divided into old people's dance and young people's dance. The dance steps include kick foot dance, crane step, one leg dance, bounce step, running dance, turn around dance, clapping dance and so on. The music is the palace mode of big three degrees and five beats. The dance starts with big Sanxian, big and small bamboo flute, small Sanxian, Sanhu, Yueqin, suona, whistle and other folk dances Make instrument accompaniment. The rhythm of a Xi's moon dance is warm and cheerful, the action is bold and unconstrained, the dancing posture is vigorous and elegant, the rhythm is strong, the momentum is magnificent, and it has a strong appeal.

Axi tiaoyue, with distinct national and regional characteristics, is a typical representative of the traditional mountain culture of Yi nationality, which plays an important role in strengthening national unity and cultural exchanges. Due to the impact of foreign culture, many traditional dance routines of Yi People's Sanxian dance are facing loss. Axi tiaoyue is on the verge of survival and needs to be protected.