Nuo dance (Nuo dance in Nanfeng)

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Nuo dance

Applicant: Nanfeng County, Jiangxi Province

Project No.: 110

Project No.: Ⅲ - 7

Time of publication: 2006 (the first batch)

Category: traditional dance

Region: Jiangxi Province

Type: new item

Applicant: Nanfeng County, Jiangxi Province

Protection unit: Nanfeng Tiao Nuo research and Protection Center

Introduction to Nuo dance (Nuo dance in Nanfeng)

Applicant: Nanfeng County, Jiangxi Province

Nuo dance is a popular folk dance with the functions of exorcising ghosts and diseases and offering sacrifices. It is a part of Nuo ceremony, and is usually performed from the first day of the lunar new year to the sixteenth day of the first lunar month. The existing Nuo dance is mainly distributed in Jiangxi, Anhui, Guizhou, Guangxi, Shandong, Henan, Shaanxi, Hubei, Fujian, Yunnan, Guangdong and other places, where there are local appellations such as "Tiao Nuo", "Gui Wu" and "fun Xi". Nuo dance has a long history. It was formed in the ceremony of "grand Nuo" in the court of Zhou Dynasty, and it is recorded in Zhou Li. In the process of historical development, Nuo dance has formed different styles in different regions, and occupies different proportions in Nuo ceremony. In the performance of Nuo dance, the mask of a certain role is usually worn, including mythical images, secular figures and historical celebrities, thus forming a huge Nuo genealogy, "it's human to take off the mask, and it's God to put on the mask.". The accompaniment instrument of Nuo dance is simple, generally drum, Gong and other percussion music. The organization performing Nuo ceremony and Nuo dance is called Nuo class. Generally, there are more than eight to ten members, often with strict class rules. Nuo dance often appears in the climax of Nuo ceremony and the stage of performance. There are abundant Nuo dance programs all over the country, which have dual functions of sacrifice and entertainment.

Nuo dance is the main form of "dancing Nuo". It was originally a ceremonial dance of offering sacrifices to gods and expelling epidemic diseases, but later developed into a Nuo dance of entertaining gods and people. Nanfeng Nuo dance is popular in 180 villages in Nanfeng County, Jiangxi Province. It is a popular folk dance form. The Nuo dance in Nanfeng has a long history and has undergone several evolutions. In the early Qing Dynasty, Fu Taihui's notes on the Nuo God of the Song family in Jinsha recorded: "general Wu Rui of the Han Dynasty In the system of Duke Zhou, it was said that Nuo was used to quiet the evil atmosphere. " It can be seen that there were Nuo dances in Nanfeng area in Han Dynasty. After more than a thousand years of development, in Ming and Qing Dynasties, Nanfeng Nuo dance absorbed opera, puppet, lantern, martial arts and other performing skills, and became more secular and entertaining. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, the traditional Tiao Nuo is still inherited among the people, continuing the lifeline of its grassroots culture.

The structure of Nuo ceremony in Nanfeng is complex, which is composed of Nuo dancing ceremony and Nuo miscellaneous ceremony. There are three kinds of miscellaneous Nuo rituals: "Tiao Zhuma", "Tiao hehe" and "Tiao Baxian". There are 82 dance forms in Nanfeng Nuo ceremony, including single dance "Kaishan", "Zhongkui", "God of wealth" and "Nezha", multi dance "tiaoping", "nuogong Nuo Po" and "Dudao", skill dance "yanluohan", "Guanyin sitting lotus", "Puxian riding elephant" and dance drama "journey to the west". Nanfeng Tiao Nuo masks are of various shapes, including 180 kinds, including the God of expelling disease, the folk God, the immortal of Buddhism, the legendary hero, the supernatural animal, the secular figure and so on. There are many kinds of props and magic weapons, which can be divided into five categories: weapons and military tools include axes, knives, guns, etc., magic tools include iron chains, peach swords, palm leaves, etc., lamps, candles, artillery sticks include torches, candles, etc., food supplies include three animals (meat, fish, chicken), and life tools include handkerchiefs, mirrors, wine cups, etc. Nanfeng Tiao Nuo is rich in content, diverse in form, rich in local flavor and profound in culture, which is deeply loved by the people.

With the development of economic globalization, modernization and urbanization, great changes have taken place in the living environment of Nanfeng Tiao Nuo. The traditional folk ecological support is gradually lost, there is no follow-up of artists, and Nuo classes are decreasing. In view of this, it is urgent to protect and support.

Chinese PinYin : Nuo Wu Nan Feng Tiao Nuo