Flower drum lamp (Fengtai flower drum lamp)

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: huagudeng (Fengtai huagudeng)

Applicant: Fengtai County, Anhui Province

Item No.: 109

Project No.: Ⅲ - 6

Time of publication: 2006 (the first batch)

Category: traditional dance

Region: Anhui Province

Type: new item

Applicant: Fengtai County, Anhui Province

Protected by: Fengtai cultural center, Anhui Province

Introduction to flower drum lamp (Fengtai flower drum lamp)

Applicant: Fengtai County, Anhui Province

Huagudeng is a kind of folk dance of Han nationality, which combines dance, lantern song, music of gongs and drums, plot duet and emotional group dance perfectly. According to historical data, huagudeng originated in Song Dynasty at the latest. After the development of yuan, Ming, Qing and the Republic of China, to the 1930s and 1940s, it formed a distribution area with Bengbu, Huainan and Fuyang in Anhui Province as the center, radiating more than 20 counties and cities in Henan, Anhui, Shandong and Jiangsu provinces in the middle reaches of the Huaihe River.

Flower drum lanterns are usually performed in rural areas from the end of autumn harvest to the spring ploughing next year, especially at temple fairs and spring fairs. The male role of huagudeng is called "gujia", while the female role is called "Lanhua" (or "Lahua"); the performances are mostly held in the square; they generally include four parts: dance, singing, backcourt drama, Gong and drum performance, and the main part is dance; the dance also includes "dahuachang" (or "Dachang"), xiaohuachang (or "Xiaochang") and "Pangu"; Dachang is a kind of collective emotion Xu dance is performed by several people to more than ten people; "Xiaochang" is a duet or three person dance, which mainly shows young men and women's love and play, including basic program performance and improvisation performance. Simple plot and character dance, such as "grab handkerchief" and "grab bench", is the core part of huagudeng dance; "Pangu" is dance, martial arts and skills The combination of performance and the performance form with the characteristics of plastic arts. Backcourt drama is a kind of small song and dance drama combining song and dance, including "four masters sitting in a sedan chair", "push the car", "little peddler" and so on. At present, the performance style of huagudeng is mainly divided into three schools: Yingshang area, slow rhythm, rigorous dance structure, ancient and simple style; Fengtai area, focusing on the emotional portrayal of characters, delicate and beautiful movements; Huaiyuan area, light and vigorous movements, natural and graceful.

Fengtai flower drum lantern is popular in Huaihe River Basin, mainly distributed in Fengtai and surrounding areas.

The formation and development of Fengtai flower drum lamp has good natural conditions and cultural environment. Fengtai, also known as zhoulai and CAI in ancient times, is located in the middle reaches of Huaihe River, with developed transportation, rich products and simple customs. Fengtai flower drum lamp has a long history, its development can be divided into four stages: first, from germination to maturity. Fengtai flower drum lantern originated in the song and Yuan Dynasties, and began to take shape in the middle of the Qing Dynasty. It became popular among the people and became a popular folk art. Huagudeng has basically formed its own school characteristics in Fengtai, which has laid a foundation for further development after liberation; thirdly, huagudeng has ascended the palace of elegant art after the founding of new China, which is known as the typical representative of Han nationality dance; fourthly, huagudeng art has been valued and revived since the Third Plenary session of the 11th CPC Central Committee.

The production of Fengtai flower drum lantern is an important page in the history of Chinese folk song and dance art, and it is the concentrated embodiment of Huaihe culture in dance. Fengtai flower drum lantern has more than 400 vocabularies and more than 50 basic steps. It pays attention to the cooperation between men and women's roles, describes the feelings with great care, and has delicate movements and various fan changes. Huagudeng dance has rich connotation, among which the typical action "three off bends" (three bends) emphasizes the waist twist, which is an important feature of oriental dance. The "s" shape is fully reflected in huagudeng.

Huagudeng art is the root of some art varieties in Huaihe River Basin. Huaiju opera, Huaibei Huagu opera, Sizhou opera and Fengyang Huagu opera are all derived from huagudeng. Fengtai flower drum lantern has influenced and enriched the folk dance and art in the north of Huaihe River. At present, the original Fengtai flower drum lamp is on the verge of extinction, which is in urgent need of effective protection and rescue.

Chinese PinYin : Hua Gu Deng Feng Tai Hua Gu Deng