Diaolou building skills (Tibetan Diaolou building skills)

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Diaolou construction techniques (Tibetan Diaolou construction techniques)

Applicant: Bama County, Qinghai Province

Item No.: 969

Project No.: VIII - 186

Time of publication: 2011 (the third batch)

Category: traditional art

Region: Qinghai Province

Type: Extension Project

Applicant: Bama County, Qinghai Province

Protected by: Bama County Cultural Center

Brief introduction of Diaolou construction technology (Tibetan Diaolou construction technology)

Applicant: Bama County, Qinghai Province

The Tibetan watchtower in Bama County is a unique residence with ethnic characteristics built by local Tibetans with rammed earth, stone and wood. The Tibetan watchtowers here, known as "Kuari" in Tibetan, can be roughly divided into three types: the main pass watchtower, the beacon watchtower and the family watchtower.

There are four architectural styles of Tibetan watchtowers in Bama County: wood style, stone style, stone wood mixed style and new style. Most of the buildings are built on the sunny slope, generally near the mountain, with the shape of a ladder, "dry fence" architecture. Flat roof, thick and stable in appearance, is generally divided into two or three layers. The upper layer is stacked with grain, the middle layer is occupied by people, and the lower layer is stocked with livestock. The overall height of the building is about 10 meters. The roof is mostly flat roof, and the walls are made of stone and wood interlaced with loess. There are four beams and eight columns on the first floor. Each floor is connected by a single wooden ladder, which is characterized by: single running, slope 45 to 60 degrees, single wooden ladder is made of the whole log, one side is cut flat, easy to be stable, the other side is chiseled out of the ladder slot, which can be moved at will. The second floor is mainly composed of living room, main room, kitchen and corridor. The rooms are separated by transverse wood walls. The external walls are provided with windows and flues. The flues are triangular and left on the back wall. The window is built on the side wall, its shape is small outside and large inside, rectangular. The corridor is about one meter wide, and the outer edge is made of willows. It is warm in winter and cool in summer. The third floor is the Sutra hall and the warehouse, and the exterior wall is equipped with a lookout. The walls, doors and windows, ceiling and single wooden ladder are of natural color, and they are not painted. They are built by Tibetan special Masons. In the process of construction, they do not hang lines or draw drawings, and they rely on experience. The wall surface is smooth and smooth without any gap.

While inheriting and carrying forward the skills of the Tibetan watchtowers in Bama, the Tibetan and Qiang watchtowers have been improved and sublimated, forming Bama's unique watchtower building skills, making this ancient stone building the best form for the local people to live harmoniously.

Chinese PinYin : Diao Lou Ying Zao Ji Yi Cang Zu Diao Lou Ying Zao Ji Yi