Construction techniques of traditional folk houses in Wuzhou (construction techniques of ancient buildings in Yuyuan Village)

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Wuzhou traditional residential building construction technology (Yuyuan village ancient building group construction technology)

Applicant: Wuyi County, Zhejiang Province

Item No.: 960

Project No.: VIII - 177

Time of publication: 2008 (second batch)

Category: traditional art

Region: Zhejiang Province

Type: new item

Applicant: Wuyi County, Zhejiang Province

Protection unit: Wuyi Intangible Cultural Heritage Protection Center

Brief introduction to the construction techniques of traditional folk houses in Wuzhou (the construction techniques of ancient buildings in Yuyuan Village)

Applicant: Wuyi County, Zhejiang Province

Jinhua area in the middle of Zhejiang Province was called "Wuzhou" in ancient times. Its traditional dwellings are mainly distributed in Dongyang, Lanxi, Wuyi, Pujiang and other places. These buildings with a long history have ingenious layout and exquisite decoration, which fully show their superb construction skills.

There are more than 200 Ming and Qing houses in Zhuge village, Lanxi City, Zhejiang Province. The earliest building was built in 1350, the 10th year of the Yuan Dynasty. The earliest building in Yuyuan village of Wuyi County was built in the Southern Song Dynasty, and there are 130 houses in Ming and Qing Dynasties. Luzhai in Dongyang is a large residential complex in Ming and Qing Dynasties, with a construction area of 17000 square meters. The famous Suyong hall was built in Yongle period of Ming Dynasty. Zhengzhai town in Pujiang County is an ancient town inhabited by Zheng family. It was built in the early Northern Song Dynasty, covering an area of about 5000 square meters.

In the architectural design of traditional dwellings in Wuzhou, they pay attention to the perfect combination with the surrounding natural environment. Most of the dwellings built are close to mountains and rivers, with shady back and sunny back, undulating hills and Fu, and winding streams and rivers. Some of the buildings are in the traditional symmetrical form with vertical and horizontal lanes, while others are in the form of eight trigrams, radiating from the center to the outside. The architectural forms include ancestral hall, screen wall, memorial archway, stone bridge, hall, shop, library, stage, granary, dining room, dormitory, etc. it has complete functions and is comfortable and convenient to live. Ancestral hall is the core building of traditional dwellings in central Zhejiang. It is not only a place to sacrifice ancestors, but also a place for people to gather and discuss affairs and for elders to instruct their younger generation. The architectural pattern fully reflects the profound influence of Confucian ethical culture.

There are many kinds of decorative arts of traditional residential buildings in Wuzhou, such as stone carving, wood carving, brick carving, color painting and so on. Wood carvings are widely used in Liang Fang, Dou Gong, que Ti, gate and window lattice lattice lattice lattice, and so on. Village dwellings are generally in the form of green brick, grey wall, and horse head wall. Some dwellings, such as Lu's, have stone lions standing against each other at the door, which makes people feel dignified and solemn. Among the traditional residential buildings in Wuzhou, Zhuge village in Lanxi, Luzhai town in Dongyang and Zhengshi town in Pujiang are all key cultural relics protection units in China. Yuyuan village in Wuyi is a historical and cultural protection area in Zhejiang Province.

Yuyuan village is located 20 kilometers southwest of Wuyi County, Zhejiang Province. The village was built in the Southern Song Dynasty, and has developed into today's scale after planning and construction in past dynasties. There are two bridges in Yuan Dynasty and more than 130 dwellings in Ming and Qing Dynasties in the village. The building types include ancestral temple, temple, shop, private school, library, flower hall, dwellings, stage, bridge and ancient tomb. The ancient buildings in the village are divided into upper house, lower house and front house, covering an area of 34000 square meters.

Yuyuan village's ancient buildings are characterized by public buildings. The ancestral hall of Yu family is the general ancestral hall of the whole village, which has a large scale, exquisite structure and complete preservation. Other ancient buildings, such as the family training Pavilion for children's enlightenment, the Yi'an hall for teenagers to study, the pension hall for supporting the elderly, the flower hall for villagers' entertainment, the hall hall hall for wedding events, the cave master temple for praying for dreams and realizing dreams, as well as inns, pharmacies and workshops, also have their own characteristics. Yu's family in Yuyuan village has been a scholar for generations. There were 68 Jinshi and Ju people in Ming and Qing Dynasties. Most of the houses have study and library, and there are two private schools in the village. In addition, a large number of murals are still preserved in the ancient buildings of Yuyuan village, with a wide range of subjects and fluent brushwork, reflecting the villagers' pursuit of ideal life.

The ancient buildings in Yuyuan village are known as the "dictionary of vernacular architecture in Jiangnan Water Town". They are the crystallization of wisdom and hard work of the ancestors of the Yu family in Wuyi. They are also the materialization of the spirit of the Yu family. They have the research value of architecture, folklore and social and cultural history.

Chinese PinYin : Wu Zhou Chuan Tong Min Ju Ying Zao Ji Yi Yu Yuan Cun Gu Jian Zhu Qun Ying Zao Ji Yi