Bonsai skills (Yang School bonsai skills)

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: bonsai (Yangpai bonsai)

Applicant: Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province

Item No.: 870

Project No.: Ⅶ - 94

Time of publication: 2008 (second batch)

Category: traditional art

Region: Jiangsu Province

Type: new item

Applicant: Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province

Protection unit: Yangzhou Slender West Lake Scenic Area Management Office

Introduction to bonsai (Yangpai bonsai)

Applicant: Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province

Bonsai technique is a traditional artificial landscape setting method, which plants, stones and other plants are planted and arranged in the basin. After artistic processing, it becomes a kind of display of concentrated natural beauty. Bonsai production technology combines gardening, appreciation of rare stones and beautiful stones, sculpture modeling and many other craft skills, and becomes an art creation originated from nature and higher than nature.

Bonsai originated from ornamental plants. As early as the Shang and Zhou dynasties, there was the custom of appreciating famous trees and flowers. In the Han Dynasty, bonsai of "building stones into mountains" appeared, which can be found in the murals of Han tombs. Since the Wei and Jin Dynasties, bonsai production has made great progress. In the Tang Dynasty, bonsai became the furnishings of wealthy families. Many murals and silk paintings at that time reflected this situation. After entering the Qing Dynasty, the traditional bonsai art has made great progress and entered a prosperous period.

Bonsai can be divided into landscape and stump two major categories. Landscape bonsai decorates the basin with rare and beautiful natural stones through sawing, carving, corrosion, gluing, splicing and other techniques. It is decorated with miniature pavilions, bridges, farmhouses, boats, pedestrians, rainbows, etc. made of ceramics and other materials. With pool water, vegetation and moss, it makes the peaks and hills stack up and fall at random. It is very close and has a potential of thousands of miles, showing a far-reaching artistic conception. Stump bonsai plants are planted in the basin, long-term management, careful management, with the help of pruning, binding, fertilization and other techniques and various artistic processing means to form a beautiful and unique plant shape, making the trunk vigorous and powerful, branches and leaves lush, with unique aesthetic significance.

Chinese bonsai production techniques are concentrated in Suzhou, Yangzhou, Anhui, Guangdong and other places in Jiangsu Province. Although the artistic styles are different, they are all small but big, with the combination of virtual and real. They not only pay attention to artistic processing, but also pursue natural character, and oppose excessive carving and decoration.

The Yangpai bonsai art, which is popular in Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province, is an extremely important part of Chinese Bonsai Art. It was formed in the Ming Dynasty, matured in the Qing Dynasty, and is well-known in the contemporary era. It almost keeps pace with the development history of Chinese Bonsai. The elegant bonsai of Yang school not only benefits from Yangzhou culture, but also is an indispensable part of Yangzhou culture.

Yangpai bonsai is a combination of poetry, calligraphy, painting and technology, which can be called the representative of Chinese Bonsai Art. It is a perfect combination of art and culture with exquisite modeling, profound artistic conception, rich in decoration, dignified atmosphere, elegant and elegant, clear-cut, well-organized and natural.

The bonsai of Yang school is mainly made of trees. Through careful cultivation and artistic treatment, the bonsai of Yang school has created the beauty that originates from nature and is higher than nature. The cutting and binding method of "one inch three bends" is still the unique skill of Yang School bonsai. Yangzhou bonsai embodies the creator's artistic interest and life perception, and reflects the aesthetic concept and collective consciousness in a certain period. Yangzhou bonsai Museum in Yangzhou City has a number of ancient remains of Yangzhou bonsai. These plants, which have undergone hundreds of years of changes, have maintained their original vitality, providing first-hand materials for the study of Yangzhou history and culture.

Taizhou, located in the middle of Jiangsu Province, has a subtropical humid climate in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Taizhou bonsai also belongs to Yangpai bonsai, which has a long history. The Six Dynasties pine in songlin'an is a kind of large bonsai with peculiar tree shape. Nowadays, Taizhou bonsai garden also maintains a basin of ancient cypress bonsai in Chongzhen period of Ming Dynasty, which is called "Guo Ziyi belt Shangchao", which has a high value of historical culture and technology research.

In the early years of the Republic of China, Wang Ziyi, a bonsai artist in Taizhou, made a living selling bonsai and cutting bonsai. In the 1950s, Wang's descendants went to the mountain area to collect potted landscape stump materials, summed up the traditional modeling techniques of Taizhou potted landscape and further developed them. In the selection of bonsai materials, the design concept of "mountain forest atmosphere" is put forward, and the composition method of "cloud" is put forward in the layout of branches and pieces. These farsighted understandings make Taizhou bonsai reach a new artistic height. As an important branch of Yangpai bonsai, Taizhou bonsai has a very distinctive craft characteristics, which is an important reference for the study of Jiangsu history and culture.

Chinese PinYin : Pen Jing Ji Yi Yang Pai Pen Jing Ji Yi