Oral skills

The name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: oral skills

Applicant: Xicheng District, Beijing

Project No.: 1153

Project No.: VI - 70

Time of publication: 2011 (the third batch)

Category: traditional sports, recreation and acrobatics

Region: Beijing

Type: new item

Applicant: Xicheng District, Beijing

Protection unit: Beijing voice of nature Cultural Development Co., Ltd

Introduction to oral skills:

Applicant: Xicheng District, Beijing

Oral acrobatics is a kind of disguised acrobatics. Oral technique is an art in which the performer skillfully uses the movement of lips, teeth, throat and tongue to produce sound, and the resonance of nose and chest to simulate the sound of birds, animals and even all things in the world.

Oral skill has a long history. According to the biography of mengchangjun in historical records, mengchangjun escaped from the Qin Dynasty, thanks to the help of Jiming and Goujiao, which shows that as early as 2300 years ago, there were oral artists who imitated Jiming to announce the dawn, and had reached the level of using false to confuse true. Since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Beijing's oral skills have been greatly developed. Whether it's "bird singing" performed in public in "Mingchun", or "next door play" in "dark spring", which simulates the scenes of life in the world on the screen, there are wonderful stories handed down. During the reign of Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty, the "hundred birds Zhang", known as the "one of the wonders of the Overpass" (in Beijing), had a variety of bird songs. The smaller ones were yellow birds, red sons, pearl birds, crested crests and sparrows, while the larger ones were larks, Thrushes, cuckoos, woodpeckers, mountain magpies, black naped Orioles, white storks, egrets and red crowned cranes, which could confuse the real with the false ones and attract the real birds to sing. It can also imitate the sound of Golden Rooster crowing, grass Rooster brooding, pigeon spraying nest, cold duck playing in the water and so on.

In the past hundred years, with the development of the times and the change of the environment, Yin Shilin (stage name "kaikouxiao") and his successors Zhou Zhiliang (stage name "Suntai") and Zhou Zhicheng have carried out a great reform in oral skills. They have integrated Mingchun, Anchun and the next door Opera, stepped out of the traditional eight foot barrier and performed in front of the audience. In addition to the vivid simulation of its voice, facial expression and body language are added to make oral skills a performing art with both sound and emotion. Sun Tai's performances, such as catching cicadas, logging and pushing cars, are delicate, vivid and humorous. In 1957, he won the gold medal in the sixth World Youth Festival, which triggered a new upsurge of practicing oral skills in Beijing. Niu Yuliang and Niu Yuming, while inheriting the fine tradition of Beijing's oral skills, and taking the Zhou brothers as their teachers, constantly explored the scientific laws of the vocalization and luck in their study and practice, and summed up the "circular luck method" and "circular vocalization method", which opened up a broader air source and voice range for the vocalization and luck of oral skills, further enriched the performing skills of oral skills, and provided the audience with excellent audio-visual experience Art enjoyment.

Nowadays, with the rapid development of electronic sound system, traditional oral skills are greatly impacted, with few successors and skills lost, so it is particularly urgent to protect the original ecological oral skills.

Chinese PinYin : Kou Ji