Yangzhou Opera

Name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Yangju Opera

Applicant: Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province

Project No.: 200

Project No.: Ⅳ - 56

Time of publication: 2006 (the first batch)

Category: Traditional Drama

Region: Jiangsu Province

Type: new item

Applicant: Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province

Protection unit: Yangzhou Yangzhou Opera Research Institute

About Yangju Opera:

Applicant: Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province

Yangzhou opera, formerly known as Weiyang opera, is popular in Yangzhou and Zhenjiang areas of Jiangsu Province, parts of Anhui Province, Nanjing and Shanghai. It is based on the Yangzhou folk song and dance drama Huagu drama and the Xianghuo drama played by the wizard in the northern Jiangsu folk God worship competition, absorbing Yangzhou Qingqu and local folk songs. In 1911, Xianghuo opera in Northern Jiangsu entered Shanghai from Yangzhou and was renamed "Weiyang Daban". In 1920, Yangzhou Huagu opera entered Shanghai and was renamed "Weiyang Wenxi". In the early 1930s, the two operas merged to form Weiyang opera, later referred to as Yang opera.

Yangzhou opera music belongs to Qupai style, which is mainly composed of Huagu opera music, Xianghuo opera music, Yangzhou Qingqu and Xiaochang. Huagu opera music includes zhongdamai tune, modudu tune, Shenqin tune and diaohuai tune, which are healthy, simple and lively in style; Xianghuo opera music includes shangziju tune, shiziju tune, Allegro tune, chuandiao tune and yudiao tune, which are high pitched and rough with strong local flavor; Yangzhou Qingqu tune and Yangzhou Xiaochang tune include Manjianghong tune, dieluo tune, Youdiao tune, dressing table tune and flower cutting tune, which are beautiful in tune It's elegant and exquisite. The accompaniment of Yangju opera is different from that of Wuchang. There are main Hu, Zhenggong, pipa, Sanxian, Yangqin, flute, suona and other musical instruments in Wenchang, and percussion instruments such as bangu, Daguo, Xiaogong, cymbal, Tanggu in Wuchang. The accompaniment of Yangju opera is light and beautiful, standard and flexible, with bright colors and unique personality, which is rare in general operas.

Although the roles of Yang opera can be divided into Sheng, Dan, Jing and Chou, the differences are not strict. The actors have a wide range of acting styles, and only male and female tunes are used in singing. The performances of various trades are mostly borrowed from Kun Opera and Beijing opera, but they always keep the simple and lively characteristics of Huagu opera, with a strong flavor of life. Yang opera has always attached great importance to the performance of ugliness and Danxing. There are many traditional plays of ugliness, which form the unique comedy style of Yang opera. There are more than 400 traditional repertoires of Yangju opera, among which the most influential ones are jade dragonfly, Pearl Tower, land trial, xiufuyuan, Wang Zhaojun, lantern making, three plays of white peony, mingfuyan, woodcutter and painted girl, hongyanzhuanshu, baishuishuai, etc.

Yangju opera has high ornamental and aesthetic, rich ideological connotation, can convey the cultural concept and aesthetic fashion of a specific region, has the cognitive and research value of history and culture, and is a precious treasure in the cultural treasure house of Chinese drama. In the past ten years, due to the impact of modern multi-cultural society, people's aesthetic concepts have changed, the audience of Yangju opera has decreased, and the company has been struggling to survive. The whole drama has been in an endangered state, and it is urgent to take rescue and protection measures.

Chinese PinYin : Yang Ju