Chahayang farm, Gannan County, Qiqihar City, Heilongjiang Province

Chahayang farm

Chahayang farm, located in Gannan County, Qiqihar City, Heilongjiang Province, is managed by Qiqihar Branch of Heilongjiang General Bureau of agricultural reclamation. Chahayang farm, founded in 1948, is the main part of Chahayang Irrigation District, one of the four irrigation districts in Northeast China. It is located in the northeast of Gannan County, and is the largest state farm in the west of Heilongjiang Province. The total area of the farm is 763 square kilometers, including 698000 mu of arable land. The main crops are rice, wheat, soybean, corn, sugar beet, etc. the total grain output in 1992 was 121000 tons. In 2005, Chahayang farm deeply implemented the "pollution-free food action plan" implemented by the Ministry of agriculture. Heiba and Daqiang brand rice, Xuehua brand milk powder, etc. were all green food.

brief introduction

Chahayang farm, founded in 1948, is located in Gannan County, Heilongjiang Province, on the right bank of Nenjiang River in Songnen Plain, at the south foot of Daxinganling Mountains. North latitude 48 ° 05 ′ -- 48 ° 30 ′ and East diameter 123 ° 56 ′ -- 124 ° 20 ′. It covers an area of 84000 hectares, including 55000 hectares of arable land, 8000 hectares of woodland, 6000 hectares of pasture land and 2700 hectares of water surface. It has 8 management areas, 54 residential areas, 13 industrial enterprises, fixed assets of 600 million yuan, a total population of 60049 people (2010), and an annual output of 330000 tons of grain and beans. It is a large modern state-owned comprehensive agricultural enterprise integrating agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, sideline, fishery, industry, commerce, transportation, construction and service.

Chahayang farm is a state farm of Heilongjiang General Bureau of agricultural reclamation, which is subordinate to Qiqihar Bureau of agricultural reclamation. It is located in the northeast of Gannan County, on the West Bank of Nenjiang River, 68 kilometers away from Gannan county. It is the largest state farm in the west of Heilongjiang Province. Chahayang farm is named after the local place name "Chahayang". Chahayang, Mongolian, means "good place". The farm was built in January 1948, and its department is located in Pingyang Town, Gannan County, named "Pingyang farm", which is subordinate to the Construction Department of Nenjiang province. In October 1949, the farm Department moved to the "big chimney" and changed its name to "Chahayang machinery farm". In 1955, it was merged with Gannan and Yihe farms and named "Chahayang farm", which is subordinate to the farm management department of Heilongjiang Province. In the autumn of 1958, it merged with Pingyang Township and Chahayang township of Gannan county to form Dongfanghong people's commune. In February 1960, the farm was separated from the community, and the farm system was restored. It was still called Chahayang farm and was subordinate to the Provincial Department of agriculture. In January 1962, it was expanded into "Chahayang Agricultural Reclamation Bureau", with 11 branches including Phnom Penh, Fengshou, Daohuaxiang and Taipinghu. In July 1968, the Bureau of agricultural reclamation was abolished and the "Heilongjiang production and Construction Corps of Shenyang Military Region of the Chinese people's Liberation Army" was established, which was designated as the 55th regiment of the fifth division. In March 1970, it was reorganized into 50, 55 and 67 regiments. After the production and Construction Corps was abolished in 1976, the farm system was restored, and the original three regiments were merged into Chahayang farm with nine branches.

Chahayang farm is located in the lower reaches of NOMIN River and the West Bank of Nenjiang River. Chahayang irrigation area is one of the four irrigation areas in Northeast China, with an effective irrigation area of 350000 mu. The total area of the farm is 763 square kilometers, including 698000 mu of arable land. The main crops are rice, wheat, soybean, corn, sugar beet, etc. the total grain output in 1992 was 121000 tons. In 1988, there were 3585 cows and 11900 pigs. In 1992, the total agricultural output value was 128 million yuan. There are paper mills, milk powder factories, brick factories, repair factories, grain and oil processing factories. The site covers an area of 2.5 square kilometers and has a population of more than 14000. It has formed a small town of agricultural reclamation.

Chahayang farm is located in the area between the Nuomin River and the Alen River, with a relatively developed water system. There are huanghaogou, Baima River valleys, Taiping Lake and Baima River reservoirs in the farm, with a catchment area of 980 square kilometers. The Nuomin River, the main water source of the irrigation area, originates from the eastern foot of Daxing'an Mountains. It has clear water flow and rich minerals. It has a total length of 367 kilometers and a drainage area of 26000 square kilometers. The average annual runoff is 4.3 billion cubic meters and the average annual water supply is about 700-800 million cubic meters. It is suitable for the cultivation and irrigation of green, organic and pollution-free crops.

Chahayang farm is far away from the industrial area, and the atmospheric environment quality has reached the national secondary standard. The soil type is meadow chernozem, loose and fertile. The black soil layer in plain area is 0.5-1.0 m thick, with organic matter content of 4-6%, total nitrogen content of 0.25%, total phosphorus content of 0.09%, available nitrogen 91.0 mg / kg, available phosphorus 47.0 mg / kg, available potassium 126.0 mg / kg, and pH value of 6.5. The forest coverage rate is 13.8%, the farmland protection rate is 80.3%, the recovery rate of agricultural film is more than 90%, and the comprehensive utilization rate of manure treatment is more than 98%.

Chahayang has beautiful environment, pleasant climate, fertile fields and abundant food. It is rich in rice, soybean, corn and other food crops, sugar beet, sunflower, kidney bean, watermelon and other economic crops, as well as windbreak, licorice and other traditional Chinese medicine. It is known as the land of fish and rice, the north of the great wall and the south of the Yangtze River. In 1996, Chahayang rice was identified as "China's first green food rice production base" by "China Green Food Development Center". In 2002, Chahayang rice passed the Japanese JOA organic food certification. In 1998, Chahayang rice won the gold award of "World Chinese Food Expo" and "top ten outstanding brands in Northeast China". The farm has continuously increased the adjustment of agricultural industrial structure, and the animal husbandry based on "two cattle and one sheep" has developed rapidly. There are 30000 cows and beef cattle and 50000 sheep and goats in stock, and a small tail Han sheep breeding and production base has been built in the reclamation area. It is rich in water resources. It is one of the four largest artesian irrigation areas in Northeast China. It has created a unique natural environment for aquaculture and rice planting. The rice area has grown to 270000 hectares, with an annual output of 260000 tons of high-quality late japonica rice and 260000 tons of rice straw.

There are a wide range of industries, including grain processing, beet sugar, dairy products, machinery repair and building materials production, which have become an important part of the economic development of the farm.

The construction of small towns has begun to take shape, with complete medical, insurance, financial and catering services, fast and convenient transportation. The Lagan highway and qicha highway run through the territory, connecting the surrounding counties, banners and townships, and the highways crisscross in all directions. With the rapid development of farm communication, the installation of program-controlled telephone is more than 10000, and mobile communication is more convenient. It has become the gathering place of people flow, logistics and information flow and the political, economic and cultural center in the east of Gannan county.

Education, health and cultural undertakings are developing vigorously. There are three junior middle schools, one senior middle school, one national second-class B hospital, eight health centers, TV relay stations and closed-circuit television covering the whole field and entering thousands of households.

The territory is known as the "second Great Wall of China" jindading years Wanyan agudazhengfu built the "jinjiehao" site. Taiping Lake reservoir surrounded by mountains and rippling blue waves. The Grand Canal Head diversion project. The beautiful scenery of the northern part of the Great Wall is a good place for tourism, leisure and entertainment.

origin

be born

In September 1947, in accordance with the instructions of the Party Central Committee and Chairman Mao on "consolidating the northeast base area", the people's Government of Nenjiang Province issued a notice in the name of Zhao Beike, director of the provincial finance department, in Qiqihar, the provincial capital, to recruit workers and young students to set up public farms in the "big chimney" area, the former site of the Japanese puppet development group. It also means the birth of Chahayang farm. Since then, a number of transferred officers and soldiers, youth supporting the border areas and educated youth going to the countryside have rushed to Chahayang from all sides of the motherland. For more than half a century, they and their descendants held high the spirit of the Great Northern Wilderness and the banner of the Great Northern Wilderness culture. They had the courage to open up, went through hardships, boldly reformed, and worked hard. At last, they turned the desolate land with "boundless grass, boundless snow, and wild wind" into a rice kingdom in today's reclamation area, rather than a water town in northern China, where Jiangnan is better than Jiangnan It is a large-scale and fully functional agricultural reclamation city.

Chahayang farm has outstanding achievements and fine revolutionary tradition. However, in the past long years, here also used the blood and tears of pioneers to write a bitter, sad history.

introduce

In history, 48 degrees north latitude used to be a cold line. Chahayang's annual average temperature is only - 0.6 degrees, and the lowest temperature in winter is - 41.00c. It is dominated by the arrogant frost for eight months every year. Four natural disasters, spring drought, autumn flood, low temperature and early frost, almost take turns to ravage this land. In such a harsh natural environment, only a small number of northern nomadic hordes occasionally roam the wilderness in this area. According to historical records, during the thousands of years from the Zhou and Qin Dynasties to the late Qing Dynasty, the nomadic people living in this area included the Wuchen, Fuyu, beifuyu, Shiwei, nanshiwei, wuwanbu, Qidan, Nuzhen, Daur, Suolun (Ewenki), etc. Due to the bad climate, traffic congestion, backward productivity and other factors, until the late Qing Dynasty in the early 20th century, Chahayang was still a desolate frontier, with few people.

In history, Chahayang, the black land in the alpine region, once attracted people's attention with its rich resources, and had three times of migration and reclamation.

The first time occurred about 880 years ago, in 1121, the fifth year of Tianfu reign in Jintai. At that time, in order to prevent the return of the Liao army, Jin Yan appointed an important general, Po Lu Huo, who was in charge of Taizhou. He spent a lot of people, materials and financial resources to "set up garrison fortresses" in the territory of the farm and the long border in the Northwest, build the Northeast road moat, and "collect and send immigrants."“

Chinese PinYin : Hei Long Jiang Sheng Qi Qi Ha Er Shi Gan Nan Xian Cha Ha Yang Nong Chang